新编大学英语4课后习题答案.docx

新编大学英语4课后习题答案.docx

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新编大学英语4课后习题答案

新编大学英语（第四册）

习题答案

Unit1

1.1）AentertainingBentertainmentCentertainedDentertainer

  2）ArecognizableBrecognizedCrecognitionD

  3）AtemptingBtemptationCtempt

  4）AreasonedBreasoningCreasonableDreason

  5）AanalyzedBanalyticalCanalystDanalysis

  6）AvaluableBvaluationCvalued/valuesDvalues

  7）AhumoristBhumorChumorousDhumorless

  8）AunderstandableBunderstandingCunderstandDmisunderstood

2.1）asenseofresponsibility 2）asenseofsafety/security  3）asenseofinferiority 

  4）asenseofsuperiority    5）asenseofrhythm          6）asenseofjustice 

  7）asenseofshame          8）asenseofhelplessness    9）asenseofdirection

 10）asenseofurgency

3.1）Livelybehaviorisnormal 2）Fastcarsappealto 3）diversearguments 

  4）Iaskedmybossforclarification 5）sensitivetolight 6）Mutualencouragement  

  7）madefunofhim 8）persistsinhisopinion/viewpoint 

  9）tobethefocus/centerof attention 10）webuyourticketsinadvance

4.1）certain/sure 2）involved 3）end 4）behavior 5）disciplining 6）agreed 

  7） individually 8）first 9）response 10）question 11）attempt 12）voice 

  13）directly  14）followed 15）trouble

Unit2

3.1）thrives 2）strategy 3）annual 4）deserve 5）spontaneous 6）sincere

   7）investments 8）enterprise 9）followup 10）characterized 11）lingered

   12）acknowledged

4.column 1）D 2）A 3）B 4）C      tough 1）D 2）B 3）E 4）F 5）C 6）A

6.1）searched 2）clever 3）solution 4）wasted 5）tolerate 6）hidden 7）dumb

  8）subject 9）noise 10）extra 11）purchased 12）replaced 13）appreciation

 14）hurried 15）warrant 16）strange

Unit3

UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText

（1） Introduction（para1）

    Ithasbeenprovenrepeatedlythatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,and

    intereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredity

    andculture.

（2） Thereisaculturalbiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.（para.2-4）

    Supportingevidence

A. Teacherscalledonmalesinclassfarmorethanonfemalestudents.（para2）

   i） Itsconsequence:

Thishasatremendousimpactonthelearningprocess.

  ii） Thereasonforthis:

Activeclassroomparticipantsdevelopmorepositiveattitudes

      andgoontohigherachievement.

  iii）Twoexamples:

       a. Inmanyoftheformerall-women’scolleges,theboysweretakingovertheclass-roomdiscussionsandactiveparticipationbywomenstudentshaddiminishednoticeably.

        b. Asimilarsubordinationoffemaletomalestudentshasalsobeenobservedinlawandmedicalschoolclassroomsinrecentyears.

B. Teachersassignedboysandgirlsdifferenttasksaccordingtostereotypedgenderroles.（para.3）

   i）  Itsconsequence:

Thispreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclass.

  ii） Anexample:

Ateacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientificexperimentwhilethegirlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.

C. Gender-biasededucationisalsoreflectedinthetypicalAmericanteacher’assumption.（para4）

   i）   Theassumption:

Boyswilldobetterinthehard,masculinesubjectsofmathandsciencewhilegirlsareexpectedtohavebetterverbalandreadingskills.

  ii）Threeexamples:

      a.Americanboysdodevelopreadingproblems,whilegirls,whoaresuperiortoboysinmathuptotheageofnine,fallbehindfromthenon.

      b.InGermany,allstudiesareconsideredmasculineanditisgirlswhodevelopreadingproblems.

      c.InJapan,whereearlyeducationappearstobenonsexist,bothgirlsandboysdoequallywellinreading.

（3） Theeducationalbiasbeginsathome.（para5）

  A.  Supportingevidence:

    i）   Boypreschoolerswerepermittedtogoawayfromhomeinamuchwiderareathangirlpreschoolers.

    ii）  Boyswereencouragedtodevelopintellectualcuriosityandphysicalskills,whilegirlsarefilledwithfearsoftheworldoutsidethehomeandwiththedesiretobeapprovedoffortheirgoodnessandobediencetorules.

   B.  Theconsequencewhentheselessonscarryoverfromthehometotheclassroom:

Girlsaregenerallyobservedtobemoredependentontheteacher,moreconcernedwiththeformandneatnessoftheirworkthanitscontent,andmoreanxiousaboutbeingrightintheiranswersthaninbeingintellectuallyindependent,analytical,ororiginal.

   C.Conclusion:

Throughtheeducationalprocessthatoccupiesmostofthechild’swakinghours,societyreinforcesitsestablishedvaluesandturnsouteachsexinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.

Vocabulary

1.1）genetic 2）assign 3）noticeably 4）approved 5）Bias 6）deprived  

   7） constituted 8）participation  9）unintentional 10）postgraduate

2.conscious-unconscious

 encourage-discourage

 directly-indirectly

 sexist–nonsexist

 dependent-independent

 positive–negative

 superior-inferior

 biased–fair

 limited–unlimited

 appropriately-inappropriately

3.1） C 2）D 3）A 4）E 5）B 6）C 7）F 8）B

4.1）turnout

  2）carryover

  3）callingon

  4）putaway

  5）fallenbehind

  6）takeover

unit4

Vocabulary

3.1）dismiss 2）consequences 3） promoting 4）applies 5）vital 6）scorned 

   7）conventional 8）original

4.1）consciously 2）innovative 3）unconsciously 4）determined 5）Imagination 

   6）aware 7）control 8）created 9）extension 10）technique 11）vulnerable

  12）unfolding 13）joyful 14）gain 15）Apply

Unit5

Understandingtheorganizationofthetext

1）Introduction（para.1）

   Athletesarechosentoberolemodels,andtheycanchooseonlytobegoodor

   badones.

2）Athletesshouldberolemodels.（para.2-5）

   Theauthor’sarguments:

A.Athletesshouldnotrefusetheresponsibilityofbeingarolemodelwhile

  acceptingallthegloryandthemoneythatcomeswithbeingafamousathlete.

  （para.2）

B.Itrytobeapositiverolemodel,butthatdoesn’tmeanIamperfect.（para.3）

C.Qualitiesofapositiverolemodel:

（para.4）

   a. Heinfluencespeople’slivesinapositiveway.

   b. Hegivesofhimselfintimeormoneytohelpthosewholookuptohim.

   c. Hedisplaysthevalueslikehonestyanddetermination.

D. Athletescannottaketheplaceofparents,butcanhelpreinforcewhatparents

    trytoteachtheirchildren.（para.5）

3） Peoplesometimesexpectsomuchthatsomeathletesdon’twanttoberole

    modes.（para.6-7）

A.Sometimespeopleputathletesonapedestal.

   Example:

IhavehadparentsinUtahputmypictureonthewallbesideJesus 

   Christ.（para.6）

B.Constantlybeingwatchedbythepubliccanbehardtotolerateattimes.

  Example:

1:

NegativepublicityMichaelJordanreceivedaboutgambling.

            2.EversinceIplayedontheDreamTeam,Ican’tgoanywhere 

              withoutbeingthecenterofattentionandIcan’tevenbuya

              motorcycleIreallywant.（para.7）

4）Conclusion（para8-9）

   Thegoodthingsaboutbeingarolemodeloutweighthebad.

A. It’sagreatfeelingtothinkyouarepartofthereasonthataiddecidedtotry 

   tobegood.

B. Butparentsshouldremindtheirkidsthattherearenoperfecthumanbeings.

C. CharlesBarkleyisagoodrolemodel.

Vocabulary

2. 1）isboundto 2）followtheirlead 3）goestoofar/isgoingtoofar  

   4）taketheplaceof 5）droppedout 6）haveafit 7）measureupto  

   8）lookupto 9）Let’sfaceit 10）younameit

3. 1）outgrown 2）outdo 3）outwitted 4）outweigh 5）outlived

UNIT7

2.1）deprivedof  2）forthesakeof   3）getawaywith 4）droppedout 5）bynomeans

  6）gotdownto  7）distinguish…from 8）lookbackon  9）gonethrough

 10）afterall    11）beridof        12）onmyown

3.

choicesecurehearwhokeepwhilenowThispressureexpectingtests

withinhadcatchmarkspatentsobtain/getteachersrelaxshape

UNIT8

1.CEBDAF

3.BADADCAAAB

UNIT9

1.1）observation 2）available 3）discoveries 4）acceptance 5）experimentation

  6）inventions  7）evolution 8）adaptable   9）innovative 10）objectivity

2.1）outoftheordinary 2）preceded 3）Tobeexact 4）Contradict（ed） 5）Prosperity

COLUMNACOLUMNB

Inventioninvent

availablennovate

AdaptableAdapt

DiscoveryDiscover

AcceptanceAccept

EvolutionEvolve

ObjectivityObjective

ObservationObserve

ExperimentationExperiment

ProsperityProsper

disastrousdisaster

6）Gavebirthto 7）Catchourbreath 8）hadinmind 9）proposed

10）converted   11）disastrous  12）negative

3.1）Shehadhardlysatdown

  2）Especiallyif/whenyouwanttoreserveaseat

  3）isnotnecessarilythemostuseful

  4）Whatsort/kindofpersondoyouhaveinmind

  5）There’salimitonthetime

  6）Spendpartofhischildhood

  7）threetimesasmanygirlsasboys

  8）asdomostofthepeoplewholiveinthisvillage

  9）butontheotherhanditwouldbesadtolosethefamilyatmosphere

  10）Depite/Inspiteofinternationalpressure