最新牛津译林版高中英语必修一Unit 2 知识点同步指导.docx
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最新牛津译林版高中英语必修一Unit2知识点同步指导
2020最新牛津译林版高中英语必修一Unit2知识点同步指导
一、词汇派生
根据词性和汉语提示,写出下列单词
1.arguevi.争吵,争辩,争论vt.说理,论证→argumentn.争吵,争论;论点
2.anxiousadj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的,渴望的→anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望
3.angern.怒气,怒火→angryadj.生气的;恼火的
4.concernn.担心,忧虑;关心vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧→concernedadj.担心的;忧虑的
5.editv.编辑→editorn.主编,编辑;剪辑师→editionn.版(本);版次
二、一词多义
1.shootvt.&vi.(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀;摄影,拍摄
①Smithkilledhiswife,andthenshothimself.射杀
②ThemoviewasshotinNewZealand.拍摄
③Theyhadalmostreachedtheboatwhenafigureshotpastthem.
(使朝某方向)冲,奔
2.spotn.粉刺,脓包;斑点;污渍;地点,场所
①Shewaswearingablackskirtwithwhitespots.斑点
②Hisjacketwascoveredwithspotsofmud.污渍
③Thebaby'swholebodywascoveredinsmallredspots.粉刺,脓包
④Heshowedmetheexactspotwherehehadaskedhertomarryhim.
地点,场所
3.viewn.&vt.看法;视线;景色;把……视为;观看
①Thisevidencesupportstheviewthatthereistoomuchviolenceontelevision.看法
②Thesundisappearedfromview.视线
③Theviewfromthetopofthetowerwaswonderful.景色
④Thelawshouldbeviewedasawayofmeetingcertainsocialgoals.
把……视为
三、要点直击
WordsAndPhrases
anxiousadj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的
(教材P16) Youmayfeelanxiousthatyouaredevelopingatadifferentratetoyourfriends,shootingupinheightorgettingleftfarbehind.
你可能会感到焦虑,因为你正在以不同于你的朋友的速度成长,或在身高上突飞猛进,或者远远落在后面。
[例1] Hewasabitanxiousaboutthesafetyofthemachinery.
他有点担心机器的安全性。
[例2] Shewasanxiousthatitmightbecancer.
她担心可能是癌症。
[造句] 我们为你担心。
Wewereanxiousforyou.
[归纳拓展]
(1)beanxiousfor/about(=beworried/concernedabout)
为……担心/担忧
beanxiousfor(=beeagerfor/bekeenon)
渴望……
beanxious(forsb.)todosth.渴望(某人)做……
beanxiousthat...渴望……(从句谓语用shoulddo,
should可以省略)
(2)anxiouslyadv.焦躁地;急切地
(3)anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Wewereanxiousforeveryonetoknow(know)thetruth.
②Wewaitedwithanxiety(anxious)forthenewsofhersafearrival.
③Sheisanxiousaboutnotpassing(pass)theCollegeEntranceExam.
④Moreandmorepeopleareanxious(anxiety)forthequalityoftheair.
targetn.(攻击)目标,对象;靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标;面向
(教材P16) Whenitallgetstoomuch,yourparentsareoftenthefirsttargetsofyouranger.
当这一切让你不堪重负时,父母常常会成为你发泄愤怒的首选目标。
[例1] Thereisnotargetdateforcompletionofthenewproject.
这个新的项目何时完工没有预定日期。
[例2] HigherdegreesinEnglishareatargetforforeignstudents.
获得英语高等学位是外国学生的目标。
[造句] 该地区成了发展超市的首选之地。
Theareahasbecomeaprimetargetforsupermarketdevelopment.
[归纳拓展]
(1)setatarget 设定目标
aimatthetarget瞄准目标
hit/missthetarget中/脱靶
(2)targetsth.on/at把……对准
betargetedon/at以……为目标;把……对准;旨在
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Setyourselftargets(target)thatyoucanreasonablyhopetoachieve.
②ThisTVshowismainlytargeted(target)ontheyoung.
③Tohitthetarget,youhavetoaimatit.
④Wewerestillrightontargetforourdeadline.
strugglen.&vi.斗争;拼搏;努力
(教材P17) Ontheotherhand,whenyouarestrugglingtocontrolyourfeelings,youwishtheycouldbemorecaringandpatient-sometimestheyforgetthatgrowingupisaroughride.
另一方面,当你努力想控制自己的情感时,你希望他们能更加体贴,更有耐心——有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。
[例1] Thecompanyisstrugglingtofindbuyersforitsnewproduct.
这个公司正竭力为它的新产品寻找买主。
[例2] Oneinfiveyoungadultswasstrugglingwitheverydaymathematics.
每5个年轻人中就有一个做日常的数学计算很费劲。
[造句] 她独自一人艰难地养活一家人。
She'sstrugglingtobringupafamilyalone.
[归纳拓展]
struggleagainst/withsb./sth.
同……做斗争;与……抗争
struggleforsth.为……而斗争
struggletodosth.努力去做某事;挣扎着做某事
struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Theyhadtostruggleagainst/withallkindsofdifficulties.
②Icouldseetheyoungboystruggling(struggle)tofreehimself.
③Theyoungmanstruggledtohisfeettofightagainsttherobber.
④Hehasbeenstrugglingforsuccessinhisbusiness.
calmvt.使平静;使镇定;adj.平静的;镇静的;沉着的
(教材P17) Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituationfromtheirpointofview.
当你不同意父母的观点时,花点时间冷静下来,试着从他们的角度来理解当前的情况。
[例1] Itisimportanttokeepcalminanemergency.
情况紧急的时候,保持镇静是重要的。
[例2] Tuesdaywasafine,clearandcalmday.
星期二是晴空万里、风和日丽的一天。
[造句] 试着保持冷静,告诉我发生了什么。
Trytokeepcalmandjusttellmewhathappened.
[归纳拓展]
(1)calmdown 平静下来;镇静下来
calmsb.down使某人平静下来
(2)stay/remain/keepcalm保持镇静
(3)calmlyadv.平静地;镇静地;沉着地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Wewaitedinsideuntilthingscalmeddown.
②Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalm(calm)himselfdown.
③Shegazedcalmly(calm)backatthequeen.
④IfIfeelanxious,Iknowwhattodotocalmmyself(me)down.
concernn.担心;关心vt.使担忧;涉及;关系到
(教材P17) Afteryouhavethoughtitthrough,explainyouractionsandfeelingscalmly,listencarefully,andaddresstheirconcerns.
在你全面考虑之后,冷静地解释你的行为和感受,仔细倾听,并设法消除他们的顾虑。
[例1] Thischapterconcernsitselfwiththehistoricalbackground.
本章旨在讲述历史背景。
[例2] Shehasn'tbeenseenforfourdaysandthereisconcernforhersafety.
她已四天不见踪影,大家对她的安全很担心。
[造句] 在生命最后的日子里,诗人表达了她对父亲的关切。
Inherlastdaysthepoetexpressedconcernforherfather.
[归纳拓展]
(1)showconcernfor... 对……关切;关心
(2)Itconcerns/concernedsb.that...
令某人担忧的是……
(3)concernedadj.担心的;关注的
as/sofaras...beconcerned关于;至于;就……而言
beconcernedabout/for关心;担忧;挂念
beconcernedwithsth.牵涉到;与……有关
(4)concerningprep.关于;就……而言
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Asfarasthespacetechnologyisconcerned(concern),Chinaranksthirdintheworld.
②Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerning(concern)thefutureofthecompany.
③Moreandmorepeopleshowgreatconcernforroadsafety.
④Whatconcerns(concern)meisourlackofpreparationforthechange.
[小片段助记]
AsfarasI'mconcerned,thepublicareshowingmoreandmoreconcernforeducation.Sothebooksconcerningacademicsarepopularwiththem.Butitconcernsmethatthehealthoftheyoungareinbadconditionnow,whichisconcernedaboutaswell.
stressn.精神压力;紧张;强调;vt.加压力于;着重;强调
(教材P17) Justrememberthatitiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressthatparentchildtensionscreate,andthatyouandyourparentscanworktogethertoimproveyourrelationship.
只要记住,无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的,并且你和父母可以共同努力,改善关系。
[例1] Itwasundertakenunderthestressofdesperation.
那是在绝望的迫使下做出的一种反应。
[例2] Inthemeeting,theylaidstressontheimportanceofreducingpollution.
在大会上,他们强调了减少污染的重要性。
[造句] 失业及妻子的健康问题使他处于巨大的压力中。
Unemploymentandhiswife'shealthputhimundergreatstress.
[归纳拓展]
(1)lay/placestresson强调;着重于
underthestressof在……压力下;为……所迫
beunderstress处于压力之下
(2)stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性
(3)stressfuladj.压力重的;有压力的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Tomyexcitement,mynewjobismuchlessstressful(stress).
②Itmustbestressed(stress)thatthisdiseaseisveryrare.
③Hestressedtheimportanceofagoodeducation.
④Whenweareunderstressourbodiestendtotenseup.
[小片段助记]
Stressisastateofbeingupsetwhenweareunderstressforalongtime,andnobodylikesbeingplacedstressonbyothers,fortoomuchstresscanmakeussick.Asastudent,mydailylifeisusuallystressful,soparentsdon'tstresstheimportanceoflearningtousanymore.Weshouldberelaxedinstead.
arguevi.争吵,争辩,争论vt.说理,论证
(教材P19) Recentlywehavearguedwitheachotheragreatdeal.
最近我们之间经常争吵。
[例1] DoyouoftenarguewithyourwifeaboutwhichTVprogrammetowatch?
你经常为看哪个电视节目与妻子争论吗?
[例2] Woolf'sreportarguedforanimprovementinprisonconditions.
伍尔夫的报告主张改善监狱条件。
[造句] 我们总是为钱吵嘴。
We'realwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.
[归纳拓展]
(1)arguewithsb.(about/oversth.)
(就某事)与某人争(辩)论
arguefor/againststh.据理赞成/反对……
arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事
arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事
(2)argumentn.争吵,争论,论点
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Wehadanargument(argue)withthewaiteraboutthebill.
②Theyarearguingover/aboutforeignpolicy.
③Thereportarguesagainst/fortaxincreases.
④Iarguedheroutofgoing(go)onsuchadangerousjourney.
SentencePatterns
“It+be+n.+todo...”句式
(教材P16) Itcanbeabigheadachetobalanceyourdevelopingmentalneedstoo.
平衡你不断发展的心理需求也会是一件很头疼的事情。
句式分析:
“Itis/was+n./adj.+todo”为常用句型。
其中it为形式主语,todo为真正的主语。
[例1] Itisapleasuretohaveatalkwithsuchakindman.
与这么好的一个人交谈是令人快乐的事。
[例2] Itisdifficulttogettherebeforedark.
天黑以前赶到那里很困难。
[造句] 早起会更好。
Itisbettertogetupearly.
[归纳拓展]
it作形式主语而从句是真正主语的常见句式:
Itisapity/surprise/wonderthat...
Itislikely/surprising/interestingthat...
Itissaid/believed/reportedthat...
[翻译1] It'sawonder(难怪)thatmorepeopleweren'thurt.
[翻译2] Itisapity(遗憾的是)thatyoudidn'tattendthelectureyesterday.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Itisclearthatthechosenpatternisnotthecorrectone.
②Itisnecessaryforyoutotrain(train)yourselfbeforethewalk.
③Itisnotagoodhabittostay(stay)uptoolate.
④Itisdoubtfulthatthismethodismorescientific.
动名词短语作主语
(教材P17) Ontheotherhand,whenyouarestrugglingtocontrolyourfeelings,youwishtheycouldbemorecaringandpatient-sometimestheyforgetthatgrowingupisaroughride.
另一方面,当你努力想控制自己的情感时,你希望他们能更加体贴,更有耐心——有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。
句式分析:
句中growingup为动名词短语作主语。
动词ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语动词用单数。
[例1] Studyingabroadcanbeagoodexperience.
留学是一种很好的经历。
[例2] Seeingisbelieving.
眼见为实。
[造句] 在公共场合做演讲真是一个挑战。
Makingaspeechinpublicisreallyachallenge.
[归纳拓展]
(1)动名词的主动形式:
doing;
(2)动名词的被动形式:
beingdone;
(3)动名词具有动词与名词的性质,在句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。
动名词作主语时,有时用it作形式主语,而把动名词、短语后置,常见结构有:
Itisnousedoingsth. 做某事没用。
Itisnogooddoingsth.做某事没有好处。
Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间。
[翻译1] LearningEnglishwell(学好英语)isreallyachallengeforhim.
[翻译2] I'mafraidofgoingtothedentist(去看牙医).
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Hernotcoming(come)madeherparentsworriedalot.
②It'snousearguing(argue)withhim,forhe'ssostupid.
③Workingwiththemisapleasure.
④Ignoring(ignore)thedifferencesbetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.
四、长句难句理解
1.(教材P17) Ontheot