考研英语模拟试题1及答案.docx

考研英语模拟试题1及答案.docx

《考研英语模拟试题1及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语模拟试题1及答案.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

考研英语模拟试题1及答案

2018考研英语模拟试题一及答案

　　SectionIUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?

Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!

"1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

　　Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

　　"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty."

　　Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1．[A]Unlike[B]Besides

[C]Despite[D]Throughout

2．[A]connected[B]restricted

[C]equal[D]inferior

3．[A]choice[B]view

[C]lesson[D]host

4．[A]recall[B]forget

[C]avoid[D]keep

5．[A]collecting[B]involving

[C]guiding[D]affecting

6．[A]of[B]in

[C]at[D]on

7．[A]devoted[B]exposed

[C]lost[D]attracted

8．[A]across[B]along

[C]down[D]out

9．[A]calculated[B]denied

[C]doubted[D]imagined

　　10．[A]served[B]required

[C]restored[D]explained

　　11．[A]Even[B]Still

[C]Rather[D]Thus

　　12．[A]defeats[B]symptoms

[C]tests[D]errors

　　13．[A]minimized[B]highlighted

[C]controlled[D]increased

　　14．[A]equipped[B]associated

[C]presented[D]compared

　　15．[A]assess[B]moderate

[C]generate[D]record

　　16．[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof

[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof

　　17．[A]transfer[B]commit

[C]attribute[D]return

　　18．[A]because[B]unless

[C]though[D]until

　　19．[A]emerges[B]vanishes

[C]remains[D]decreases

　　20．[A]experiences[B]combines

[C]justifies[D]influences

　　SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

　　Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:

WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

　　Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.

　　Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

　　ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

　　Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

　　TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

　　21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

　　[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

　　[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.

　　[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

　　[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

　　22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?

　　[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

　　[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

　　[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

　　[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

　　23.Theword"expedited"（Line4,Para.5）isclosestinmeaningto

　　[A]faster.

　　[B]quieter.

　　[C]wider.

　　[D]cheaper.

　　24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

　　[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.

　　[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.

　　[C]Thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.

　　[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

　25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

　　[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

　　[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

　　[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

　　[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

　　Text2

　　"TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,"wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope（TMT）,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

　　AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

　　OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

　　Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland'sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

　　Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

　　TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

　　26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

　　[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

　　[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

　　[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

　　[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinhertime.

　　27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

　　[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

　　[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

　　[C]itsreligiousimplications.

　　[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

　　28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause