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听力教程第二版第二册Unit5答案
Unit5
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part2listeningandNote-taking
Reading
B:
Whenshouldachildstartlearningtoreadandwrite?
ThisisoneofthequestionsIammostfrequentlyasked.Thereisnohardandfastrule,fornotwoarealike,anditwouldbewrongtosetatimewhenallshouldstartbeingtaughttheinsandoutsofreadingletterstoformwords.
Ifathree-year-oldwantstoread(orevenatwo-year-oldforthatmatter),thechilddeservestobegiveneveryencouragement.Thefactthatheorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschoolistheteacher'saffair.Itisuptotheteachertoseethatsuchachildisgivenmoreadvancedreadingmaterial.
Similarly,thechildwhostillcannotreadbythetimehegoestojuniorschoolattheageofsevenshouldbegiveneveryhelpbyteachersandparentsalike.Theyshouldmakecertainthatheisnotdyslexic*.Ifheis,specialisthelpshouldimmediatelybesought.
Althoughparentsshouldbecarefulnottoforceyoungstersagedtwotofivetolearntoread(ifbadlydoneitcouldputthemoffreadingforlife)thereisnoharminpreparingthemforsimplerecognitionoflettersbylabellingvariousitemsintheirroom.Forinstance,byanicepieceofcardboardtiedtotheirbedwithBEDwritteninneat-bigletters.
Shouldtheyoungchildaskhisparentstoteachhimtoread,andiftheparentsarecapableofdoingso,suchanappealshouldnotbeignored.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently,withgreatpatienceandasenseofhumour.Readingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachoreandthechildshouldneverbeforcedtocontinue,shouldhisintereststarttoflag*.
ExerciseA:
1.Thereisnohardandfastrule,fornotwoarealike.
2.Thefactthatheorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschoolistheteacher'saffair.
3.Ifbadlydoneitcouldputthemoffreadingforlife
4.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently.
5.Readingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachore.
ExerciseB:
Itwouldbewrongtosetatimewhenachildshouldstartlearningtoreadandwrite.Parentsshouldencourageyoungstersagedtwotofivetoreadiftheyshowinterestsinit,butneverforcethemtolearntoread.Heorshemightlaterbe"bored"whenjoiningaclassofnon-readersatinfantschool.Thenitisuptheteachertoseethatsuchachildisgivenmoreadvancedreadingmaterial.
Similarly,ifachildcannotreadattheageofseventeachersandparentsshouldmakecertainthatheisnotdyslexic.Ifheis,specialisthelpshouldimmediatelybesought
Parentsshouldnotignoretheyoungchild'sappealtoteachhimtoread.Butthetaskshouldbeundertakengently,withgreatpatienceandasenseofhumourReadingshouldneverbemadetolooklikeachoreandthechildshouldneverbeforcedtocontinue,ifhisinterestsstarttofalg
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
Part1Dialogues
Dialogue1DigitalSound
{Music}
MIKE:
Wow!
Nice.CDshavesuchgoodsound.DoyoueverwonderhowtheymakeCDs?
KATHY:
Well,theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,andtheysingandplay.
MIKE:
Comeon.YouknowwhatImean.Whyisthesoundqualitysogood?
Imean,whydoCDssoundsomuchclearerthancassettetapes?
KATHY:
Actually,Idoknowthat.
MIKE:
Really'?
KATHY:
It'sallbasedondigitalsound.CDsaredigital.Digitalsoundislikeseveralphotos,alltakenoneafteranother.It'skindoflikepicturesofsound.Theintensityofthesound–howstrongitis--ismeasuredveryquickly.Thenit'smeasuredagainandagain.Whenwehearthesound,itallsoundslikeonelongpieceofsound,butit'sreallylotsofpiecesclosetogether.Andeachpieceisreallyclear.
M1KE:
Sodigitalislikelotsofshort"pieces"ofsound.
KATHY.Exactly.Thisisdifferentfromanalog*--that'showtheyusedtorecord.Analogismorelikeonewaveofsound.Itmovesupanddownwithvolumeandpitch.Anyway,analogislikeasinglewave.Digitalislikeaseriesofpieces.
MIKE:
OK,Iunderstandthat.ButhowdotheymaketheCDs?
KATHY:
Itoldyou,Mike.Theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,andtheysingandplay.
MIKE:
Kathy!
KATHY:
No.Whatreallyhappensisfirsttheydoadigitalrecording--onvideotape.
MIKE:
Onvideotape.
KATHY:
Yeah,theyusevideotape.Sothenthevideotapeisplayedthroughacomputer.
MIKE:
OK.Whatdoesthecomputerdo?
KATHY:
Well,thecomputerisusedtofigureoutthe"pieces"ofsoundweweretalkingabout;howlongeverythingis,howfarapartspacesare.
MIKE:
OK.Sothecomputerisfiguringoutthoseseparate"pieces"ofsound.
KATHY:
Yeah.Theyneedtodothattomakethemaster.
MIKE:
Themaster?
KATHY:
ThemasteristheoriginalthatalltheotherCDsarecopiedfrom.It'smadeofglass.It'saglassdiskthatspinsaround--justlikearegularCD.Andtheglassdiskiscoveredwithachemical.Theyusealasertobumthesignal,orthesong,intotheglassplate.Thelaserburnsthroughthechemical,butnotthroughtheglass.
MIKE:
Sothelasercutsthesoundintotheplate.
KATHY:
Right.Whatit'sdoingiscuttinglittleholes.intothebackofthedisk.
Thoseholesarecalled"pits."Thelaserputsinthepits.
MIKE:
SoCDsreallyhavelittleholesontheback?
Ididn'tknowthat.
KATHY:
Yeah.Tinypits.They'retoosmalltosee.[Pause.]Anyway,thenthey'vegotthemaster,andtheymakecopiesfromit.ThenyoubuyyourcopyandputitintheCDplayer.
MIKE:
PutitintheCDplayer...ThatpartIunderstand.
KATHY:
There'sanotherlaserinyourCDplayer.ThelightofthelaserreflectsofftheCD.ThesmoothpartoftheCDreflectsstraightback,likeamirror.Butthelightthatbouncesoffthepitsisscattered.Anyway,thecomputerinyourCDplayerreadsthelightthatbouncesoffthepits.Andyougetthemusic.
MIKE:
Reflectedlight,huh?
...Uh...youknewwhatIlike?
Justrelaxing,listeningtomusic,andnotreallyworryingabouthowitgetsonthedisk.
KATHY:
Youwantmetoexplainitagain?
「Music」
A:
Quality
Recordingtechnique
Digitalsound
Muchclearer
Digitalsoundislikeseveralphotosalltakenoneafteranother.It'sKindoflikepicturesofsound,Digitalislikeaseriesofpieces.
Analogicalsound
Aanlogismorelikeonewaveofsound.Itmovesupanddownwithvolumeandpitch.Analogislikeasinglewave
B:
I.ThemakingoftheCDs
A.Recording
a.Theygetabunchofmusicianstogether,singingandplaying.
b.Firsttheydoadigitalrecording--onvideotape.
c.Thenthevideotapeisplayedthroughacomputer.
d.Thecomputerfiguresoutthoseseparate"pieces"ofsoundtomakethemaster.
B.Themakingofthemaster
a.ThemasteristheoriginalthatalltheotherCDsarecopiedfrom.
b.It'smadeofglass,coveredwithachemical.
c.Theyuselasertoburnthesignal,orthesong,intotheglassplate.Thelaserbumsthroughthechemical,butnotthroughtheglass.
d.Itcutslittleholesintothebackofthedisk.Thoseholesarecalled"pits."
e.Theymakecopiesfromit.
II.Playingback
A.YoubuythecopyandputitintheCDplayer.
B.ThelightofthelaserreflectsofftheCD.
a.ThesmoothpartoftheCDreflectsstraightback,likeamirror.
b.Butthelightthatbouncesoffthepitsisscattered.
c.ThecomputerinyourCDplayerreadsthelightthatbouncesoffthepits.
d.Yougetthemusic.
Dialogue2LostinTranslation
Man:
Here'soneIwouldn'thavethoughtof.Youknowthose"beforeandafter"commercialsforlaundrysoap?
Woman:
Theoneswithapileofdirtyclothesononesideandthenthesameclothesafterthey've
beenwashed?
Sure.
Man:
TherewasanAmericancompanythathadoneofthoseads.Itwasreallysuccessfulin
NorthAmerica.Intheadtherewasapileofdirtyclothesontheleft,aboxofthelaundrysoapinthemiddle,andapileofcleanclothesontheright.So,themessagewasthataboxofthisdetergent*wouldmakereallydirtyclothesclean.
Woman:
Yeah?
Man:
SowhatdoyouthinkhappenedwhentheyusedtheadintheMiddleEast?
Woman:
Idon'tknow.
Man:
Thinkaboutit.IntheMiddleEast,languagesarewrittenfromrighttoleft.Peoplelookatthingsfromrighttoleft.
Woman:
Soitlookedlikethesoapmadetheclothesdirty?
Man:
"Oursoapwillmakeyourclothesdirty!
"Notaverysmartadcampaign.
Woman:
Theyshouldhavechangedtheorderofthepictures.Theyshouldhaveputthepictureofthecleanclothesontheleftsideandthedirtyclothesontheright.
Man:
Really.
Man:
Oh,here'sanotherone.SomeshirtmakerputanadinaMexicanmagazine.
Woman:
And?
Man:
Well,theadwassupposedtosay,"WhenIworethisshirt,1feltgood."Buttheymadeatranslationmistake.
Woman:
Whatdidtheysay?
Man:
Insteadof"WhenIworethisshirt,"theadsaid,"Until1worethisshirt,Ifeltgood."
Woman:
"UntilIworethisshirt,Ifeltgood"?
Gee,changingonelittlewordgaveittheopposite
meaning.
Man:
Thearticlesayssometimesit'snotjusttheadvertisingsloganthatgetscompaniesintotrouble.Sometimesthecompanynamecanscareoffbusiness.
Woman:
Whatdoyoumean?
Man:
Well,therewasalargeoilcompanyintheUnitedStatescalledEnco:
E-N-C-O.
Woman:
Yeah,Irememberthem.
Man:
TheyopenedsomegasstationsinJapan,andtheyadvertisedusingtheirAmericanname.Unfortunately,theydidn'tknowwhatthewordmeansinJapanese.
Woman:
Whatdoesitmean?
Man:
"Enco"isashortwayofsaying"Enginestop"inJapanese.
Woman:
Great.Wouldyoubuygasolinefromacompanythatsaidyourcarenginewould
stop?
Man:
No,andneitherdidtheJapanese.
Exercise:
Productadvertised
Descriptionofthead
Message
Mistakemade
detergent
Intheadtherewasapileofdirtyc