初中八年级英语时态讲解与练习.docx

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初中八年级英语时态讲解与练习

初中八年级英语时态讲解与练习

初中阶段,要求学生掌握动词六种时态的基本结构(一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时和一般将来时态)及它们的主要用法和区别。

了解过去将来、过去完成时态的基本用法,解题时注意找

出关键词,正确判断出时态,按时态结构正确变化动词。

注意句子时态的一致性,注意对特殊时态的处理。

一般现在时

1.含义:

经常反复发生的动作Heusuallygotoschoolbybus.

存在的状态Heis18yearsold.

客观真理。

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.

常与often,usually,always,sometimes,today,everyday,onceaweek,everyfiveminutes,onSundays等时间状语连用

2.动词形式:

1)be动词。

有一顺口溜:

我用am,你用are,is连着他她它,复数都用are。

练习动词be(am,is,are)的正确形式填空。

1.______youfine?

          2.I_________Mr.Chen.

3._____heyourmother?

      4.--______theyfromJapan?

--Yes,they_______.

5.You________ateacherandshe_____adoctor.

6.Where_______Jackfrom?

   7.I_______fine,too.Thanks

8.--Who_______this?

--This________WangKang.

9.--____youastudent?

 --Yes,I_____.

10.--Where_______Beijing?

--It_______inChina.

11.--________RonaldoaBrazilian?

--Yes,he___.

12.“I”______alsoaletter.         13.YouandI_________students.

14.Heandshe________friends.     15.HeandI________teachers.

2)行为动词(实义动词)。

除主语是第三人称单数外,都用动词原形,主语是第三人称单数时,在动词词尾加-s

或-es。

※“动词第三人称单数”的改写规则

1)一般情况加“s”:

  stop-;read-read-;play-

2)辅音加“y”,改“y”为“i”,“es”如:

  fly-;carry-study-;worry-

3)以“s,x,ch,sh,o”结尾的,在词尾加“es”如:

teach-;watch-go-do-

4)不发音e结尾,去e加es如:

make-come-

5)特殊:

have-

练:

1:

写出下列动词的第三人称单数。

drink________  go_______  stay________  make________  look______have_______ come______   

pass_______carry_______  watch______plant_______  fly________  study_______     teach_______

练习2:

用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.

3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?

6.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

7.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

8.Mike_______(like)cooking.

9.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.

练习3:

选择

1.Kitty__Englisheveryday

A.readB.readesC.readingD.reads

2.Aman_____infrontofhiscar.

A.walkB.walksC.walkingD.work

3.Sam’sbicycle______abell.

A.haveBhasC.havingD.ishaving

4.Ieveryday

A.swimB.swimsC.swimingD.swimes

5.Hehishomeworkeveryday.

A.doesB.doC.areD.is

3.陈述句转否定句及一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

1)有be动词的be动词提前

HeisMr.Chen. 否定句:

HeisnotMr.Chen. 

一般疑问句:

IsheMr.Chen?

  

肯定回答/否定回答:

Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.

Iamastudent.  否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

Theyareteachers. 否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

2)有情态动词的情态动词提前

Hecanswim. 否定句:

Hecannotswim.

一般疑问句:

Canheswim?

  

肯定回答/否定回答:

Yes,hecan./No,hecan’t.

Shecancook.  否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

Youshoulddoyourhomework. 否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

3)有实意动词的提前助动词do/does

IlikewatchingTV.否定句:

Idon’tlikewatchingTV.

一般疑问句:

DoyoulikewatchingTV?

肯定回答/否定回答:

Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.

Igotoschoolbybus.  否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

TomusuallygotoplaybasketballonSunday. 否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

对画线部分提问练习

1.HereadsEnglishintheclassroomeverymorning.

2.Shegetsupatsixeveryday.

3.Ioftenplaybasketball.

4.Myfatheroftenswims.

5.TheymeettheirteachereverySunday.

6.Thisismypet.

7.Hehassportsonceaweek.

现在进行时

通常用“now/look/listen”.

1.含义:

现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.动词形式:

.be+动词现在分词

我正在做作业。

他们正在弹钢琴。

Jim正在看电视。

3.动词加ing的变化规则

1)一般情况下,直接加ing,如:

cook-

2)以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:

make-,taste-

3)重读闭音节双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,

run-,stop-,swim—,shop-,get-

sit-,begin-

4)ie结尾改ie为y加ing如:

lie-die-

练习1.用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.

3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.

4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?

Yes,sheis.

练习2.按要求改写句子

1.Theboyisplayingbasketball.

否定句:

____________________________

一般疑问句:

_________________________

肯定回答:

__________________________否定回答:

__________________________

对“playingbasketball”提问:

__________________________

2.Theyareplayingontheplayground.

否定句:

____________________________

一般疑问句:

_________________________

肯定回答:

__________________________否定回答:

__________________________

对“ontheplayground”提问:

__________________________

练习3.单项选择

()1.我在照看孩子.

(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.

(C)Ilookamafteringthebaby.(D)Ilookingafterthebaby.

()2.Look!

Thetwins_____theirmotherdothehousework.

(A)arewanting(B)help(C)arehelping(D)arelooking

()3._____arethebirdsdoing?

Theyaresinginginatree.

(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where

 ()4.Isshe____something?

(A)eat(B)eating(C)eatting(D)eats

()5.你在干什么?

(A)Whatisyoudoing?

(B)Whatareyoudo?

(C)Whatareyoudoing?

(D)Whatdoyoudo?

()6.Whatareyoulistening_____?

(A)/(B)for(C)at(D)to

()7.Theyare_____theirclothes.

(A)makeing(B)putting(C)putaway(D)puttingon

()8.Listen!

She____intheclassroom.

(A)issinging(B)sing(C)tosing(D)issing

()9.They______TVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.

(A)arewatching(B)can'twatching(C)don'twatch(D)don'twatching

()10.Thechildren_____football.

(A)isplaying(B)areplaying(C)playthe(D)playa

()11.Look.Lucyis_____anewbiketoday.

(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing

一般过去时态

一般过去时通常用“amomentago,justnow,yesterday,last…”等。

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

2.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was.(wasnot=wasn’t)

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were.(werenot=weren’t)

用be动词的适当形式填空

1.I_______atschooljustnow.2.He________atthecamplastweek.

3.We________studentstwoyearsago.4.They________onthefarmamomentago.

5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.

6.It______Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.

⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般

疑问句把was或were调到句首。

Hewasatschoolyesterday. 否定句:

一般疑问句:

?

  

肯定回答/否定回答:

.

Lucywasastudent10yearsago.  否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

Theywereathomelastnight. 否定句:

一般疑问句:

肯定回答/否定回答:

3.行为动词的一般过去时变化

肯定句(Positive)

动词过去式

Iwentshoppinglastnight.

否定句(Negative)

didn’t+动词原形

Ididn’tgoshoppinglastnight.

一般疑问句(Yes/No)

Did…+动词原形…?

Didyougoshoppinglastnight?

特殊疑问句(wh-)

Whatdid…+动词原形…?

Whatdidyoudolastnight?

HegoestowatchmoviewithhisfriendeverySunday.

(时间改为lastnight)

(改为否定句)

(改为一般疑问句)

(改为用everySunday提问)

4.动词过去式的变化:

规则动词的变化:

一般动词

+ed

planted,watered,climbed

以不发音的e结尾

+d

liked

辅音字母加y结尾

-y+ied

study—studied,cry-cried

重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母

双写最后一个字母+ed

stop–stopped

plan-planned

不规则动词的变化:

原形

过去式

原形

过去式

原形

过去式

原形

过去式

sweep

swept

teach

taught

have

had

go

went

keep

kept

think

thought

do

did

find

found

sleep

slept

buy

bought

eat

ate

say

said

feel

felt

drink

drank

is/am

was

take

took

read

read

give

gave

are

were

mean

meant

put

put

sing

sang

drive

drove

meet

met

cut

cut

begin

began

speak

spoke

make

made

let

let

ring

rang

write

wrote

see

saw

fly

flew

run

ran

ride

rode

come

came

draw

drew

sit

sat

hear

heard

tell

told

grow

grew

learn

learned/learnt

get

got

know

knew

写出下列动词的过去式

is\am_____________fly____________plant____________are____________

drink_____________play___________go______________make________

does_____________dance__________worry___________ask___________

taste_____________eat____________draw____________put____________

throw____________kick___________pass____________do__________

用行为动词的适当形式填空

1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.

2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.

3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.

4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.

5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.

6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)

7._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?

No,they_____.

过去时练习1

一、用be动词的适当形式填空

1.I_______atschooljustnow.

2.He________atthecamplastweek.

3.We________studentstwoyearsago.

4.They________onthefarmamomentago.

5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.

6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.

7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.

8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.

二、句型转换

1.Itwasexciting.

否定句:

________________________________________________

一般疑问句:

____________________________________________

肯、否定回答:

__________________________________________

2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.

否定句:

________________________________________________

一般疑问句:

____________________________________________

肯、否定回答:

__________________________________________

3.Theywereinhispocket.

否定句:

________________________________________________

一般疑问句:

____________________________________________

肯、否定回答:

__________________________________________

过去时练习2

一、用be动词的适当形式填空

1.I______anEnglishteachernow.

2.She_______happyyesterday.

3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.

4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.

5.Thelittledog_______twoyearsoldthisyear.

6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.

7.There________asignonthechaironMonday..

8.Today_______thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children'sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.

二、用行为动词的适当形式填空

1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.

2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.

3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.

4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.

5.I______

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