定语从句教学案.docx

上传人:b****6 文档编号:5636396 上传时间:2022-12-29 格式:DOCX 页数:24 大小:35.13KB
下载 相关 举报
定语从句教学案.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共24页
定语从句教学案.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共24页
定语从句教学案.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共24页
定语从句教学案.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共24页
定语从句教学案.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共24页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

定语从句教学案.docx

《定语从句教学案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《定语从句教学案.docx(24页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

定语从句教学案.docx

定语从句教学案

语法复习四:

定语从句

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词:

who,whom,whose,which,that,as

2、关系副词:

when,where,why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:

1)当先行词为人时用who作主语,whom作宾语;

2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which,可作主语或宾语;

3)先行词为人、物时用that,可作主语或宾语;

4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;

5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句:

从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句:

从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用which的情况:

①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用that的情况:

①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词+关系代词。

e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。

Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。

e.g.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。

通常用下列句型:

asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。

e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.

Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.

2.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.

3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.

4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。

e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.

6.介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who,且可省略。

e.g.Theman(whom/who/that)youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.

7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词,that充当主语、宾语、表语。

有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词,that不能充当任何成分,不可省。

Wordcamethattheirarmywasdefeated.(同位语)

Weexpressedtothemourwishthatwasthesameastheir.(定语)

8.定语从句与强调句型的区别

Itwasinthehotelthatwestayedlastnight.(强调句)

Itwasthehotelwhere/inwhichwestayedlastnight.(定语从句)

9.几个特殊的定语从句句型:

①Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarks

inthematch.(句中one为先行词)

Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotgoodmarksinthematch.(句中students为先行词)

②Isthisplacetheone(that)wevisitedyesterday?

Isthistheplace(that/which)wevisitedyesterday?

③Hestoodatthewindow,fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening.

④Itmayrain,inwhichcasethematchwillbeputoff.

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.(NMET2001)

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where

解析:

答案为C。

本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。

作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词thehours和关系词被介词短语tome所分隔。

定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours,并且关系词在从句中用作状语,故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。

2.___________isknowntoeverybody,thenoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)

A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What

解析:

答案为B。

本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。

as作“正如……”解时,引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。

当as在从句中作主语时,常用于下列短语:

asisknown、asissaid、asisreported、asisannounced等。

要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。

3.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown___________hegrewupasachild.(NMET1996)

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when

解析:

答案为B。

本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。

定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语thesmalltown,且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语,因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。

要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分,然后选择适当的关系词。

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:

1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.

2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.

3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.

4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.

5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.

6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.

7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.

8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.

9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.

10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.

11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.

12.That’sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.

13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.

14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.

15.Isthatthewoman?

Herdaughterisinmyclass.

16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.

17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.

18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.

19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.

20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.

二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.

2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.

3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.

4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.

5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.

6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.

三、选择填空:

1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.

A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when

2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.

A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as

6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when

7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?

A.whoB./C.thatD.when

9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.

A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho

10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.

A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which

11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.

A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking

C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking

12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.

A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed

13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.

A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who

14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.

A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which

15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?

A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose

16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.

A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all

17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.

A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose

18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as

19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.

A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone

20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.

A.whereB./C.whenD.what

21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich

22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.

A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./

23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.

A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which

24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?

A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose

25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.

A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom

26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where

27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./

28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?

A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.

A.itB.whichC.thatD.he

30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.

A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere

31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat

32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?

----The____mostistennis.

A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgamet

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 小学教育 > 小学作文

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1