普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷 3.docx

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷 3.docx

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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷3

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟卷）

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?

Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewalkawayfromyourcollege.

King’sArtCentre

AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibition（展览）oftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.

Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto‘learnfromthemasters’orgetmorecreativewithpaint—freeofcharge.

TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.

TheBotanicGarden

TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.

Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.

GettothedisplayhousetoseeDianaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.

TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts（热爱者）.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled‘HissingSid’isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.

Byron’sPool

ManystoriessurroundLardByron’stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness”.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I’mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.

ItisalsosaidthatononeoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon’ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf-overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.

1.Asismentionedinthepassage,thereisasmallchargefor________.

A.attendingthemasters’classB.workingwithlocalartists

C.learninglifedrawingD.seeinganexhibition

2.“TorchAloe”and“VenusFlytrap”are________.

A.commoninsectsB.impressiveplants

C.rarely-seensnakesD.wildlife-enthusiasts

3.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatByronseemed________.

A.tofearpetbearsB.tolikewalking

C.tobeaheavydrinkerD.tofinishuniversityin1805

【答案】1.C2.B3.B

【解析】

本文是一篇应用文。

文章介绍的是几处周末度假去处。

介绍这些地方的好处，吸引人的地方。

【1题详解】

细节考查题。

根据第一则广告的第三段TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.，可知学习写生需要少量的费用。

故选C。

【2题详解】

细节考查题。

根据第二则广告的第二段第一句话Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.可知“TorchAloe”是“VenusFlytrap”给人印象深刻的植物。

本题易误选A，原文说Dionaeamuscipula更常见被称为venusflytrap（捕蝇草），commoninsects明显不对。

所以应该为两种不同的植物。

故选B。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。

由Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage一句可知Byron他花了很多时间

村子里散步，可推断他看起来喜欢散步。

故选B。

B

TradersdesperatetoavoidowningoilfledthemarketsonApril27,2020,sendingcrude（JM油）futuresintonegativeterritoryforthefirsttimeever,inrecognitionthattheCOVID-19pandemichasweakeneddemandforfuelandthereisnotenoughstorageforthemassiveglut（供过于求）ofoilpresentonUSsoil.

InvestorssoldtheMayfuturescontractduetoexpire（期满）onTuesdayinaseriesofwaves.Atonepoint,thecontracthitnegative$40.Whenthetradingstopped,crudeoilhadfinishedthedayatanegative$37.63abarrel,adeclineofsome305percent,or$55.90abarrel.

Thatunwantedoilisinsteadgoingintostorage,butintheUnitedStates,storageisfillingupmuchmorequicklythanexpected.Cushing,Oklahoma,thetinytownoflessthan10,000peoplethatservesasthemainUSstoragecentre,was70percentfullasoflastweek,andtraderssayitwillbefullwithintwoweeks.

Thepricedeclineisgoodnewsfordriverspullinguptothepumpforafill-up,butbadnewsforhydraulicfrackerswhoneedhighercrudeoilpricesofabout$30to$40abarreltooperateprofitably.

USstocksdroppedonMondayasinvestorssurveyedtheeconomicdamageandconsideredgloomyprospectsforasustainedreboundasoilpriceshitthebottomofthebarrel.

OnMonday,theDowJonesIndustrialAveragelost2.44percent,andclosedat23,650.44.TheS&P500slipped1.79percent,whiletheNasdaqCompositefell1.03percent.

4.Tradersfledtheoilmarketsbecauseof________.

A.theCOVID-19pandemicB.nodemandforfuel

C.sufficientstoragefortheglutofoilD.noinvestment

5.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph5?

A.Hopeful.B.Great.C.Poor.D.Little.

6What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.TheeffectsofthenegativeUSoilprice.

B.ThefactsofUSstocks.

C.ThereactiontothenegativeUSoilprice.

D.ThesituationofthenegativeUSoilprice.

7.Fromwhichpartofthenewspaperisthepassageprobablytaken?

A.Scienceandtechnology.B.Economy.

C.Health.D.Culture.

【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇新闻报道。

文章讲述了在美国新冠肺炎疫情的严重环境下，美国原油期货价格跌入负值的情况。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第一段的“inrecognitionthattheCOVID-19pandemichasweakeneddemandforfuelandthereisnotenoughstorageforthemassiveglut（供过于求）ofoilpresentonUSsoil”，可判断出，交易者逃离原油市场是因为，新冠病毒削弱了对燃料的需求，目前美国本土对于原油的供过于求没有足够的短缺，所以新冠病毒疫情是根本原因，B项“没有需求”与原文的“需求减弱”不符；C项“充分的储备”与文中的“储备不足”不符；D项“没有投资”在文中未提及。

故选A项。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。

根据此句中的“oilpriceshitthebottomofthebarrel”（油价每桶跌至底部），可以推断出“gloomy”指的是“低迷的，差的”。

故选C项。

【6题详解】

主旨大意题。

文中讲述了是在美国新冠肺炎疫情肆虐的严重情况下，美国原油期货价格跌入负值，并讲述了跌入负值的原因及相关的影响等情况，D项“美国原油期货价格跌入负值的形势”正确；而A项“美国原油期货价格跌入负值的影响”，B项“美国期货的事实”及C项“对美国油价下跌的反应”均是片面的。

故选D项。

【7题详解】

文章出处题。

文中讲述了在美国新冠肺炎疫情的严重环境下，美国原油期货价格跌入负值，并讲述了跌入负值的原因及相关的影响等情况，很明显属于经济方面，B项正确。

故选B项。

【点睛】

C

ThefirstorganizedsystemforsendingmessagesbeganinEgyptaround1500B.C.ThissystemdevelopedbecausethepharaohsfrequentlyneededtosendmessagesupanddowntheNileRiverinordertokeeptheirempirerunningsmoothly.Later,thePersiansdevelopedamoreefficientsystemforsendingmessagesusingmenandhorses.MessagescarriersrodealongtheroadsystemstretchingfromoneendofthePersianEmpiretotheother.Alongtheseroads,freshmenandhorseswaitedatspecialstationstotakeandpassalonganymessagesthatneededtobesent.Thestationswhereriderspassedmessagesbackandforthwerebuilt23kilometersapart,sothemenandhorseswereabletotravelquicklybetweenthem.TheRomanslatertookuphisideaandimproveditbyusingamoreadvancedandextensiveroadsystem.

InChina,however,KublaiKhanhadbuiltuphisownsystemfordeliveringmessages.ThissystemworkedinthesamebasicwayastheRomansystem.ThedifferencewasthatKublaiKhankept300,000horsesalongtheroadsofthisdeliverylines.Therewereover10,000stationswhereamessagewouldbepassedfromoneridertoanotherwithafreshhorse.Inthisway,KublaiKhancouldreceivemessagesfromanywhereinthecountryinonlyafewdays.

Itwasnotuntilthe1500sthatawell-organizedpostalsystemappearedagaininEurope.Onefamily,thevonTaxisfamily,gainedtherighttodelivermailfortheHolyRomanEmpireandpartsofSpain.Thisfamilycontinuedtocarrymail,bothgovernmentandprivate,throughoutEuropeforalmost300years.

In1653,aFrenchman,RenouarddeVelayer,establishedasystemfordeliveringpostinParis.Postalchargesatthattimewerepaidbytherecipient,butdeVelayer'ssystemwasuniquebyallowingthesendertopre-paythecharges,inasimilarwaytothemodernstamp.Unfortunately,deVelayer'ssystemcametoanendwhenjealouscompetitorsputlivemiceinhisletterboxes,ruininghisbusiness.Eventually,government-controlledpostalsystemstookoverfromprivatepostalbusinesses,andbythe1700sgovernmentownershipofmostpostalsystemsinEuropewasanacceptedfactoflife.

Thethingthatalltheseearlysystemshadincommonwasthattheywerequiteexpensiveforpublicuse,andwereintendedforusebythegovernmentandthewealthy.However,in1840,aBritishschoolteachernamedRolandHillsuggestedintroducingpostagestamps,andapostalratebasedonweight.Thisresultedinloweringpostalrates,encouragingmorepeopletousethesystemtostayintouchwitheachother,HisideahelpedtheBritishpostalsystembegintoearnprofitsasearlyas1850.SoonafterthatmanyothercountriestookupMr.Hill'sidea.Andletterwritingbecameaccessibletoanyonewhocouldwrite.Today,theRolandHillawardsaregiveneachyearto"encourageandrewardfreshideaswhichhelppromotephilately"（stampcollecting）.

8.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Howinternationalletterstravel.B.Asurprisingmethodfordeliveringmail.

C.Thehistoryofpostalsystems.D.Changesinthemethodsofcommunication.

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutRenouarddeVelayeristrue?

A.Hiswasagovernment-controlledsystem.

B.Hiscompetitorsdestroyedhisbusiness.

C.Hissystemlastedforhundredsofyears.

D.Inhissystemthepersonwhoreceivedtheletterpaidthepostagefees.

10.Whichofthesystemsmentionedinthepassagewasmostlikethepostalsystemtoday?

A.Egyptian.B.Chinese.

C.deVelayer's.D.vonTaxis's.

11.WhatwasRolandHill'sgreatestachievement?

A.Hemadeletterwritingaccessibletotheaverageperson.

B.HemadealotofmoneyfortheBritishpostalsystem.

C.Hemadestampcollectingapopu