浙江学前儿童家庭教育自考试题.docx
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浙江学前儿童家庭教育自考试题
气象Meteorology
I.气候Climate
北极气候arcticclimate
赤道气候equatorialclimate
大旱seriousdrought
大气辐射atmosphericradiation
大气候macroclimate
大气环流atmosphericcirculation/generalcirculationofatmosphere
大气湿度atmosphericmoisture
大气污染atmosphericpollution
大气压atmosphericpressure
多雨气候rainyclimate
多云cloudy
风季windseason
副热带冬季干旱气候sub-tropicaldryclimate
副热带湿润气候sub-tropicalhumidclimate
干旱drought
干燥气候aridclimate/dryclimate
高地气候highlandclimate
高山高原气候plateauclimate
高原气候plateauclimate
古气候paleoclimate
海滨气候littoralclimate
海啸tsunami
海洋性气候marineclimate/maritimeclimate/oceanclimate
寒潮coldwave
寒带frigidzone
寒流coldcurrent
旱季dryseason
旱周期periodofdrought
（黄）梅雨mouldrains/bai-u /plumrains
极地气候polarclimate
极地冰原气候polaricefieldclimate
极地高山气候polarmountainousclimate
极地苔原气候polarmossclimate
积温accumulatedtemperature/cumulativetemperature
季风气候monsoonclimate
酷暑scorching
冷气团coldairmass
梅雨季节plumrainseason
闷热sultry/stuffy
漠境气候desertclimate
泥石流mud-rockflow
暖流warmcurrent
气候图climatemap
气候学家climatologist
晴天clear
秋老虎oldwives’summer/autumnalsummerheat
热带风暴tropicalstorm
热带气候tropicalclimate
热带草原气候tropicalgrassyclimate
热带多雨气候tropicalrainyclimate
热带海洋气候tropicalmarineclimate
热带季风气候tropicalmonsoonclimate
热带沙漠气候tropicaldesertclimate
热带雨林气候tropicalrainforestclimate
热带气旋tropicalcyclonestorm/tropicalrevolvingstorm
热对流thermalconvection
热辐射emissionofheat/heatradiation/thermalradiation
热浪heatwave/hotwave
人工气候室psychrometricroom/phytotron
人造气候artificialclimate
三伏天dogdays
森林气候forestclimate
山地气候mountainclimate
闪电lightning/bolt
生物气候bioclimate
湿季wetseason
室内小气候cryptoclimate
湿热天气stickyweather
湿润气候humid/moistclimate
太阳辐射solarradiation
苔原气候dampclimate
温带气候temperateclimate
温带草原气候temperategrassyclimate
温带大陆性气候temperatecontinentalclimate
温带干燥气候temperatearidclimate
温带海洋性气候temperatemarineclimate
温带季风气候temperatemonsoonclimate
温带阔叶林气候temperatedeciduousbroad-leavedforestclimate
温带沙漠气候temperatedesertclimate
温带雨林气候temperaterainforestclimate
西伯利亚寒流Siberiancoldcurrent
相同气候homoclimate
小气候microclimate
汛期floodseason/highwaterseason
亚寒带气候sub-glacialzoneclimate
亚热带气候sub-tropicalclimate
亚热带草原气候sub-tropicalgrassyclimate
亚热带地中海气候sub-tropicalMediterranean
亚热带季风气候sub-tropicalmonsoonclimateorEtesianclimate
亚热带沙漠气候sub-tropicaldesertclimate
严寒bittercold/severecold/frostiness
沿海气候coastalclimate
阴天overcast/cloudyday
永冻气候eternalfrostclimate /climateofeternalfrost
雨林气候rainforestclimate
II.台风Typhoon
尘暴duststorm
尘卷dustdevil
尘旋dustwhirl
大风警报galewarning
大风沙sandstorm
大风信号galecones/galesignal
风wind
穿堂风draught
顶头风headwind
反信风reversetradewind
风向winddirection
风眼eye（ofastorm）
和风breeze
恒风constantwind
季风monsoon
疾风gustywind
飓风hurricane
厉风severegale
龙卷风tornado
陆风landwind
陆龙卷风landsprout/tornado
逆风contrarywind/adversewind
强台风violenttyphoon
热风hotwind
飒飒风声sough
沙暴sandstorm/saltation
沙卷风desertdevil/sandwhirl
山风mountainwind
顺风fairwind/tailwind/favorablewind
顺转风veeringwind
台风typhoon
微风breeze
向岸风on-shorewind
信风tradewind
旋风whirlwind/cyclone
贼风draught/draft
阵风gustofwind
风暴windstorm
风害windburn
风级windforcescale
风力strengthofwind/windforce
风力等级（蒲福风级）beaufort/BeaufortWindScale
0级无风clam
1级软风lightair
2级轻风lightbreeze
3级微风gentlebreeze
4级和风moderatebreeze
5级清劲风freshbreeze
6级强风strongbreeze
7级疾风neargale/moderategale
8级大风freshgale
9级烈风stronggale
10级狂风storm/wholegale
11级暴风violentstorm
12级飓风hurricane
风速windspeed/windvelocity
台风警报typhoonwarning
III.云Cloud
波状云wavecloud/billowcloud
层积云stratocumulus（Sc）
层云stratus（St）
成层云stratiformis
淡云humilis
多云cloudy
复云duplicatus
高层云altostratus（As）
高积云altocumulus（Ac）
高云highcloud/high-levelcloud
虹rainbow
积层云cumuloutratus
积雨云cumulonimbus（Cb）
积云cumulus（Cu）
卷层云cirrostratus（Cs）
卷叠积云cumulocirrus
卷积云cirrocumulus（Cc）
卷毛云fleecycloud
卷云cirrus（Ci）
雷电云thundercloud
密（厚）云spissatus
蘑菇云mushroomcloud
浓云congestus
暖云warmcloud
少云partlycloudy
碎云fractus
无云cloudless
雨层云nimbostratus
雨云nimbus/raincloud
云层cloudlayer
云端highintheclouds
云朵cloudformation/smallcloud
云高heightofcloud
云海aseaofclounds
云块cloudmass
云类cloudvariety
云量amountofclouds/cloudamount/cloudcover
云幔veil
云帽cap
云幕高度ceiling
云片cloudsheet
云图cloudatlas/cloudchart/cloudpicture
云团cloudcluster
云系cloudsystem/nephsystem
云向clouddirection
云霄theskies
云型cloudpattern/cloudtype
云烟cloudandmist
云种speciesofcloud
云属genusofcloud
云状cloudform
中云mediocris
中（层）云mediumcloud/middlecloud
IV.雨Rain
暴风雨storm/tempest
暴雨raingush/cloudburst
暴雨径流rainfallrunoff
尘雨dustrain
大暴雨torrentialrain/downpour
大雨heavyrain
地形雨geographicrain
冻雨freezingrain/frozenrain/glaze/glazedfrost
黑雨blackrain
黄雨sulphurrain
季风雨monsoonrain
间隔雨intermittentrain
降水量amountofprecipitation/precipitation
降雨rainfall
降雨分布rainfalldistribution
降雨频率rainfallfrequency
降雨强度rainfallintensity
降雨状况rainfallregime
雷雨thunderstorm
冷锋雨coldfrontrain
毛毛雨drizzle
梅雨mouldyrain/plumrain
绵雨continuousrain
暖锋雨warmfrontrain
滂沱大雨downpour
倾盆大雨heavydownpour/torrentialrain
晴空雨serein
人工降雨artificialrainfall/rain-making
人造雨artifialrain/rainmaking
水龙卷；海龙卷watersprout
水汽（water）vapo（u）r/aqueousvapo（u）r
水蒸气watervapo（u）r/steam
酸雨acidrain
细雨drizzle
小雨drizzle/lightrain
血雨bloodrain
霪雨excessiverain
鱼鳞天mackerelsky
雨暴rainstorm
雨冰rainice
雨层云nimbostratus（Ns）
雨带rain-band
雨点raindrop
雨季rainyseason
雨林rainforest
雨期rainyseason/rainspell
雨水rainwater/rainfall/rain
雨丝verylightrain
雨凇；冻雨glaze/glazedfrost/frozenrain
雨云nimbus（Nb）
阵雨showeryrain/shower
中雨moderaterain
骤雨passingheavyshower
V.冰，雪，雾等Ice,SnowandFrostetc.
雹hail
雹暴hailstorm
雹块hailstone
雹石hailstone
雹灾haildamage
暴风雪tempest/blizzardwind/snowstorm
冰雹hail/hailstone
冰点freezingpoint/icepoint
冰冻freeze
冰河glacier
冰块pack/packice
冰裂icequake
冰凌sleetandice
冰瀑icecascade
冰山iceberg
冰天雪地aworldoficeandsnow
冰灾icedamage
冰柱icicle
薄冰thinice
薄雾；霾haze
彩霞rosyclouds
朝露morningdew
朝霞morningglow/rosycloudsofdawn/rosydawn
初霜firstfrost
大雹heavyhail
大风雪blizzard/drivingsnow
低雾groundfog
冻害freezeinjury
冻雾freezingfog
浮冰floeice
高雾highfog
谷雾valleyfog
黑霜earlyfrosthidden
虹rainbow
虹彩iridescence
积冰iceaccretion/icedeposit/icing
积雪accumulatedsnow/snowcover/snowdeposit/perpetualsnow
假雾mockfog
降雹hail/hailshooting
降雹区hailfalloutzone
结冰iceup
开冻melt
雷thunder
雷暴lightningstorm/thunderstorm
雷暴区thunderstormbelt
雷暴雨thunderstormrain
雷电thunderandlightning
雷击bolt/thunderstrike/thunder-struck
雷鸣thunder/thunderclap
雷霆thunderbolt
雷雨thunderstorm
雷雨天thunderyweather
雷阵雨thundershower
露dew
露点dew-point
露珠dewdrop
迷雾densefog
米雪；雪粒snowgrains
浓雾densefog
霹雷；霹雳thunderclap/thundercrack/thunderbolt
平流雾advectivefog
轻霜lightfrost
轻雾lightfog
融点meltingpoint
融雪thawysnow
软雪ripesnow
瑞雪timelysnow/auspicioussnow
沙雪sandsnow
山雾hillfog/mountainfog
闪电lightning
湿雪watersnow/wetsnow
霜frost
霜冻frost
霜度degreeoffrost
霜害frostbite/frostinjury
霜花frostwork
霜季frostseason
霜期frostperiod/frostseason
霜日frostday
晚霞eveningglow/settingsun/theglowofsunset/sunsetclouds
晚霞；落照afterglow
无霜期frost-freeperiod/frost-freeseason /frostlessseason
五色晕pleochroichalo
雾fog
雾霭mist
雾滴fog-drop
雾气fog/mist/vapour
雾凇rime
雾雨fograin
霞rosyclouds/sunglow
下露dew-fall
霰；雨夹雪；冻雨sleet
小冰山bergybit
雪snow
雪暴snowstorm/blizzard
雪崩snowslide/（snow）avalanche
雪堆snow-drift
雪花snowdrop/snowflake
雪量snowfall
雪片；雪花flake/snowflake
雪球snowball
雪人snowman
雪灾snowinjury
烟雾smokefog/smog
阴霾haze
永久积雪firmsnow
永久雪线permanentsnowline
雨（夹）雪；霰sleet
雨夹雪rainandsnow
云雾cloudandmist/mist
晕halo
晕轮aureole
阵雪snowshower
终霜lastfrost
重霜heavyfrost
重雾heavyfog
VI.气温，湿度Temperature&Humidity
标准温度standardtemperature
高温hightemperature
过冷overcooling
寒潮coldairoutbreak/coldwave
寒流coldcurrent
绝对温度absolutetemperature
空气湿度airhumidity
零度zero/zerocoldfront
零度以下subzero
气温airtemperature
热浪heatwave
湿度humidity
室内温度indoortemperature
室外温度outdoortemperature
相对温度relativetemperature
严寒chill/killingfreeze/severecold
炎热parchingheat/scorchingheat
最低温度minimumtemperature
最高温度maximumtemperature
VII.海洋气象OceanWeather
波长wavelength
波高waveheight
波级stateofwave
波浪wave
潮差tidalrange
潮流tidalcurrent
潮水tide
潮位tidallevel
潮汐tide
潮汐表tidetable
潮汐预报tideprediction
潮汛springtide
赤道海流equatorialcurrent
春潮springtide
大潮springtide
风海流windcurrent
风浪等级seasdisturbancescale
0级平静calm（glassy）
1级微波calm（rippled）
2级微浪smooth（wavelets）
3级细浪lightseas
4级小浪moderateseas
5级中浪roughseas
6级大浪veryroughseas
7级强浪highseas
8级巨浪veryhighseas
9级狂浪monsterwaves/extremelyhighseas
海岸洋流littoralcurrent
海冰seaice
海潮oceantide
海风seawind
海浪seawave
海流oceancur
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