全国研究生考试英语二真题及详细答案.docx

全国研究生考试英语二真题及详细答案.docx

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全国研究生考试英语二真题及详细答案

2014年全国研究生考试英语二真题及详细答案

D

　　[D]Arichmeal

　　22.Theauthor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis 

　　[A]critical 

　　[B]supportive 

　　[C]sympathetic 

　　[D]ambiguous 

　　23.Macribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat  

　　[A]consumersaresometimesirrational 

　　[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality 

　　[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective 

　　[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure 

　　24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney 

　　[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism 

　　[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase 

　　[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheus 

　　[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement 

　　25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto  

　　[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney 

　　[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries 

　　[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent 

　　[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

　　AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”，or“illusorysuperiority”，andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities。

　　Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff。

　　PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”，saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebook therefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves。

　　26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat______.  

　　[A]ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

　　[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

　　[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

　　[D]self-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

　　27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople’s______

　　[A]rapidwatching 

　　[B]consciouschoice

　　[C]intuitiveresponse

　　[D]automaticself-defence

　　28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtendedto______ 

　　[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities

　　[B]believeintheirattractiveness

　　[C]coveruptheirdepressions

　　[D]oversimplifytheirillusions

　　29.Theword“Viscerally”（Line2,para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_____. 

　　[A]instinctively 

　　[B]occasionally 

　　[C]particularly 

　　[D]aggressively 

　　30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebookisself-enhancer’sparadisebecausepeoplecan_____.  

　　[A]presenttheirdishonestprofiles

　　[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles 

　　[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits 

　　[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

　　Text4

　　Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned。

　　Whyisthat?

Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged。

　　Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes。

　　Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed。

　　Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%。

　　Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherental environment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues。

　　Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting£4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’s spendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate。

　　36. Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector__

　　[A]hasattractedmuchattention

　　[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

　　[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

　　[D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

　　37. Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas__

　　[A]increaseditshomesupply

　　[B]offeredspendingopportunities

　　[C]sufferedgovernmentbiases

　　[D]disappointedthegovernment

　　38.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay_______。

　　[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

　　[B]stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

　　[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt 

　　[D]releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

　　39.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould_______. 

　　[A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders 

　　[B]lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference 

　　[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments 

　　[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilities 

　　40.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2015,thegovernmentmay______.  

　　[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing 

　　[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants 

　　[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme 

　　[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector 

SectionIII Translation

　　Directions:

　　TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.（15points）

　　Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat’sperpetuallyhalffall.Butthat’sexactlythekindoffalsedeerfulnessthatpositivepsychologistswouldn’trecommend.“Healthyoptimistsmeansbeingintouchwithreality。

”saysTalBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor,AccordingtoBen-Shalar,realisticoptimistsarethesewhomakethebestofthingsthathappen,butnotthosewhobelieveeverythinghappensforthebest。

　　Ben-Shalarusesthreeoptimisticexercisers.Whenhefeelsdown-sag,aftergivingabadlecture-hegrantshimselfpermissiontobehuman.HeremindshimselfthatmoteverylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;somewillbelesseffectivethanothers.Nextisreconstruction,Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessons,forthefutureaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.Finally,thereisperspective,whichinvolvesacknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn’tmatter。

　　SectionIV Writing

　　PartA

　　47.Directions:

SupposeyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwithJohn,alocalstudent.Writehimtoemailto

　　1）tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

　　2）askforadviceaboutlivingthere。

　　Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonanswersheet。

　　Donotuseyourownname。

　　PartB

　　48.Directions:

　　WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET.（15points）

　　Youshould

　　1.interpretthechart,and

　　2.giveyourcomments。

　　Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.（15points）

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（二）试题解析

注:

此答案为万学海文公布答案整理

　　SectionI UseofEnglish

　　1、【答案】Bconcluded

　　【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied（否认）与意义相反，doubled（翻倍）与题意较远，ensured（确保）不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。

所以正确答案为B。

　　2、【答案】Aprotective

　　【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。

根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。

Danger