考研英语二真题 答案 解析.docx

考研英语二真题 答案 解析.docx

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考研英语二真题答案解析

2018年研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

whydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainfulBecausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewiill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.

Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.ThetwistHalfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.

Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.

Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13caninsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundcuriosityispossibleto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity."Hseeotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.

9.to

.withdrawalB.inquiryC.

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.

ispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain

AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.

Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype..thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,”hesays.

Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyeducationisthenewwantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullyso.

Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless-missesanimportantpoint:

That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomy,abachelor’sdegreeopensmoreevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodo’sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.

Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upeducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversiyofgifts.

brokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof______.

memorization

training

ability

spirit

existstheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.

financiallydisadvantaged

notacademicallysuccessful

astereotypedmind

nocareermotivation

caninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.

entitledtomore“ducationalprivileges

reluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

tohavemorejobopportunities

tohavebigfinancialconcerns

headlongpushintobacheloi’sdegreesforall_____.

createalotofmiddle-skilljobs

narrowthegapinworking-classjobs

expectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

theovervaluingofhighereducation

author’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas_____.

21.答案Cpracticalability

这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。

从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。

再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，MrKoziatek是NewHampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。

能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实际技能，所以答案是Cpracticalability.

22.答案Barenotacademicallysuccessful

这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词职业教育对孩子存在的偏见可定位至第四段最后一句，意思是“在很多职业化教育的学校中，有这样一种老套的思想，那就是，职业教育是针对那些在学术上不能成功的那些孩子的。

”根据这句话可确定答案就是Barenotacademicallysuccessful。

其他选项均不符合文意。

23.答案Cusedtohavemorejobopportunities

这是一道细节推断题，根据题干第五段和highschoolgraduates回到原文定位致第五段第三句，说到美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的那种thejobsecurity已经在很大程度上evaporated也就是消失了，那说明过去的时候高中毕业生是有职业安全感的，故选C，其他选项都不在定位处，可以排除。

24.答案Dindicatetheovervaluingofhighereducation

这是一道事实细节题，根据题干内容“theheadlongpush”找到出处是第六段开头But后，发现后面还有一个and...和其并列，所以主要关注对这两部分的评价，后面有明显的标点：

冒号出现，冒号后说thatisnottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.可以看出这句话对前面的否定，选项中只有D选项动词overvalue是负面词，而且提到主题词education。

故选D。

这道题最适合用感情色彩来排除与D相反的其他三个选项。

25.答案Asupportive

这是一道态度题，放在最末的态度题更倾向于到最后一段找答案。

通过定位词Koziatek’sschool看到最后一段也确实提到了，说它是一个wake-upcall。

也就是在唤醒人们教育不应该是统一的形式，这样会overlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts，也就是忽视人才的差异性。

所以可以看出作者是支持的态度。

Text2

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld'senergysupply,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandmovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedBusinssestofundcleanerenergyincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandcostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetaone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

InmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergyScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels-especiallycoal-asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource,ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate'selectricitygeneration-andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn'tbloworthesundoesn'tshine"hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestorageapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninparbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow.thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.

Whilethere'salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingupperhaps:

justintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimateWashingtondoes-ordoesn'tdo-topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.

word"plummeting"（Line3,isclosestinmeaningto______

27.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica______

A.isprogressingnotably

B.isasextensiveasinEurope

C.facesmanychallenges

D.hasprovedtobeimpractical

28.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,

______.

A.windisawidelyusedenergysource

B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

D.thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbattery.Itiscommonlyusedincar.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecominga.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalen