HND商务信息与通讯技术.docx
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HND商务信息与通讯技术
Information&CommunicationsTechnologyinBusiness:
AnIntroduction
(DE3K35)
NAME:
SCN:
CLASS:
Contents
Introduction
Thebodyofthisreportconsistsofsevenpartsthatincludesdifferentmanagementneedsdifferentinformation,threetypesofinformationsystem,twopiecesofcurrentlegislation,threedatacommunicationsystems,twobenefitsforthreedatacommunication,threethreatstosecurityofnetworkedinformation,threeICTinnovationofcompany.
Section1introducedforfunctionsofmanagement
coordimtion
Figure1functionsofmanagement
Strategicmanager:
ConnorWebsterisstrategicmanagerofCrownCateringServiceCompany.StrategicmanagerneedsomeinformationtodevelopingCateringServicesCompany.Theinformationincludesaninternalinformationstaffingneeds.Thecompanyshouldmeettheneedsofstaff.Sothatstaffsworkharder.Externalinformationincludesmarkettrends.Companiesunderstandsthemarkettrendsconducivetothedevelopment.CateringServicesCompany’sStrategicManagerthroughtheinformationtoformulatelong-termplanningandsettingobjectivesandpolicy.Thelong-termplanningis3-5yeartarget.CateringServicesCompany.CateringServicesCompanythroughobjectandpolicytodevelopingcompany.
TacticalManager:
CrownCateringServicesCompanyhasabout20branchesistacticalmanager.Thetacticalmanagerneedsinformationincludesfourkindsofinternalinformationandoneexternalinformation.Fourkindsofinternalinformationincludesproductivity,improveproductivitycanimprovetheefficiencyofthework.Varianceanalysiscanshowdifferencebetweentheplannedandactualproduction.TacticalmanagerneedsCashFlowsandBudget’sinformationtodobudgetarycontrolandmonitoring.Externalinformationincludescurrentmarketdataandopponent’spolicyrelated.Thetacticalmanagerthroughinformationtoobtainingresourcesmonitoringanddevelopingoperationalpoliciesandobjectives.
OperationalManager:
CrownCateringServicesCompany’ssalesmanagerisoperationalmanager.Operationalmanagersneedsreal-timeandspecificbusinessinformation.Operationalmanagerstoresponsibleforroutineactivitybusinessinformation,monitoringoffrontlinestaff,ensuringeffectiveuseofresources,ratingtostaffofdifferentlevels,monitoremployeeattendancehoursworkedandovertime.Lowlevelsofresponsibilityaffectingindividuals.
Section2Threetypesofinformationsystem
DSS
Operationalmanagerusingdecisionsupportsystems.DecisionsupportsystemsareinteractivesystemsthatrelyonhardwareandsoftwaretosupportmanagersinthedecisionmakingprocessandahighlyflexibleandinteractiveITsystemthatisdesignedtosupportdecisionmakingwhentheproblemisnotstructured.ConnorWebstercanusethattodomarketsurveyproject.ThebenefitsofDSSforCrownCateringServicesCompanyincludesoptimizationandforecastingworkcompleted,simulatescenariosandforeasytoCrownCateringServicesdevelopmentofcontingencyplansinadvance,understandworkprocesses,preventthepotentialdanger.
ES
ExpertSystemaimedtoduplicatewhatanexpertornumberofexpertswoulddoinagivensituation.Expertsystemissuitablefortacticalmanager.ESsystemcanhelpCrownCateringServicescompanysolvecomplexproblemsandmakedecisions.TheES’sbenefitsincludesputtogetherstructureddata,definedareaandhandscomplexlogic.
EIS
EIS’sdefinitionisanykindofinformationsystemwhichimprovesthefunctionsofanenterprisebusinessprocessesbyintegration.StrategicmanagecanuseEIStoprecisefindinformationinmanyfields.Fieldsincludesmarketing,finance,manufacturingandothers.TheEIS’sbenefitsincludesprovidetheefficiencyofdecisionmakers,timelydecision,improvethetrackinginformationforCrownCateringServices,providetimelyinformation.
Section3:
Twopiecesofcurrentlegislation
TheDateprotectionAct(1998):
TheDataProtectionActgovernstheprocessingofinformationrelatingtoindividuals.TheActcoverstheobtaining,holdinganduseordisclosureofinformation.
ThisActalsoconcernspersonalinformationheldaboutindividualsandrelatestothefollowing
Dataprocessedusinganelectronicsystem.
Informationrecordedaspartofarelevantfilingsystem.
TheDataProtectionPrinciples:
1.Informationshallbeobtainedandprocessed‘fairlyandlawfully’.
2.Informationshallonlybeheldforoneormorespecificandlawfulpurposes.
3.CompaniesshouldnotholdinformationthatisexcessiveorisnotrelevanttothepurposesthecompanyhasregisteredundertheAct.
4.Informationheldonindividualsshouldbeaccurateandup-to-date.
5.Informationshouldnotbeheldforlongerthannecessary.
6.Individualshavetherighttoseethedataheldaboutthemandhavecorrectionsmadeifneedbe.
7.Companiesmusttakeadequatesecuritymeasurestopreventunauthorizedaccess.
8.DatamustnotbetransferredtocountriesoutsidetheEuropeanUnion(EU)thatprovidesinadequateprotection.
SuggestionforCrownCateringServicesCompany
CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldlawfullyusethecollectdata.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldprotectthesecurityofdata.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldbeaccurateandupdateofindividuals.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldbenotbeheldforlongerthannecessaryofdata.
ComputerMisuseAct1990
Thislegislationprotectsinformationstoredoncomputerfromunauthorizedaccess,alterationanddamage.
Unauthorizedaccess,includinghackingorinternalmembersofstaffusingsomeoneelse’spasswordtoaccessrestrictedinformation.
Ulteriorintentwiththeintentionofcommittingacrimeforpersonalgain.
Unauthorizedmodificationtodocuments.
SuggestionforCrownCateringServicesCompany
CrownCateringServicesCompanyoftengivecomputervirus.CrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldputthedatainasafeplace.Thecompanyshouldprohibitemployeesfromusingthedataforprofit.Thecompanyshoulddefinewhocanaccessdata
Section4Threedatacommunicationsystems
Alocalareanetwork(LAN)isacomputernetworkthatinterconnectscomputerswithinalimitedarea.Alocalareanetworkiscontrastedinprincipletoawideareanetwork,whichcoversalargergeographicdistanceandmayinvolveleasedtelecommunicationcircuits,whilethemediaforLANsarelocallymanaged.Limitedareaincludesresidence,school,laboratory,orofficebuilding.EthernetovertwistedpaircablingandWi-Fiarethetwomostcommontransmissiontechnologiesinuseforlocalareanetworks.Alocalareanetworkcoverageisverysmall.
Awideareanetwork(WAN)isatelecommunicationsnetworkorcomputernetworkthatextendsoveralargegeographicaldistance.Wideareanetworksareoftenestablishedwithleasedtelecommunicationcircuits.Manytechnologiesareavailableforwideareanetworklinks.Examplesincludecircuitswitchedtelephonelines,radiowavetransmission,andopticfiber.Newdevelopmentsintechnologieshavesuccessivelyincreasedtransmissionrates.Therefore,theWANcommunicationrequirementsandcomplexityarehigh.
TheInternetistheglobalsystemofinterconnectedcomputernetworksthatusetheInternetprotocolsuite(TCP/IP)tolinkbillionsofdevicesworldwide.CommonmethodsofInternetaccessbyusersincludedial-upwithacomputermodemviatelephonecircuits,broadbandovercoaxialcable,fiberopticsorcopperwires,Wi-Fi,satelliteandcellulartelephonetechnology.Theshortcomingofinternetincludesveryvulnerabletointentionalattacks.
Section5Twobenefitsforeachofthethreedatacommunicationsystems
Localareanetwork
Enablesthesharingofhardwareonthenetwork.CrownCateringServicesCompanycanuselocalareanetworktoshareprinterthatcanimproveworkefficiency.
Savesduplicationofworkwithintheorganization.LocalareanetworkcanhelpCrownCateringServicesCompanytoSavesduplicationofwork.
Internet
Theuseofemailasacommunicationtool.Staffusetheinternettosendemailthateasyandsavetime.
Itenablesyoutocreatelinkswithcustomersandsuppliers.CrownCateringServicesCompany’sstaffcanusesinternetlinkswithcustomersandsupplierstohandlesbusiness.
Wideareanetwork
Increasedsecurityofdatathatisbackeduponfileserviceandrestrictedaccessthroughtheuseofpasswords.CrownCateringServicesCompanyuseWideareanetworktoenhanceddatasecurity.
Networksalsoallowdatatobeexchangedwithsuppliersandonlinepaymentfacilities,makingthemmuchmoreefficient.NetworkcanhelpCrownCateringServicesCompanywithsupplierstoexchangeddataandonlinepayment.
Section6Threethreatstosecurityofnetworkedinformation
Hackers
"Hacker"meansresearchoutsmartcomputersecuritysystemstaff.Useofpubliccommunicationsnetworks,suchasInternetandtelephonesystem,withoutpermission,toloadothersystem
Suggests:
TheCrownCateringServicesCompanyshouldgivedataencryptioninordertopreventhackerattacks,theCrownCateringServicesCompanytosuperviseeveryoneaccesstodatatoruleoutthehackers.
NaturalDisasters
Naturaldisasterscandestroyhardwarestoredata,suchasearthquakesandfloodscandestroyhardware’sdata.
Suggests
CrownCateringServicesCompanycanbuildadatabasewithoutaplaceofnaturaldisasters.Thecompanyregularlyupdatesandbackupofdata.
ComputerViruses
ComputerViruses:
Compilersisinsertedinacomputerprogramfunctionordestructionofcomputercodedata,canaffectcomputeruse,asetofcomputerinstructions,orself-replicatingcode.
Suggests
TheCrownCateringServicesCompanysavedatatoacomputerinstallanti-virussoftwareupgradetothelatestversion,andopenreal-timemoni