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版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit15

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharacter(性格)trait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.(2018·北京)

2.Ifyou’relookingforauniqueadventure(冒险经历),theSpaceandAviationCenteristheplacetobe.(2018·北京)

3.Asculturalsymbols(符号)go,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.(2018·浙江)

4.Wetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappealtoouremotionsthanforstraight(直接的)facts.

5.Indeedofficialfigures(数字)suggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.(2017·江苏)

6.AreporterfromYahooNewsputdownacomment(评论),sayingthenationwasbetrayingitsoriginalspiritstartedbyitsfounders.

7.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associate(副的)professorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.(2018·全国Ⅱ)

8.Nodoubtthetheaterhascontributed(做出贡献)tothearea’sdevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.(2018·江苏)

9.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreative(创造性的)examplesofclimateadaptation.

(2017·江苏)

10.Whileincreasinghealthwasatypical(典型的)featureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.(2017·江苏)

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.Focusing(focus)onthatgoalhelpsmegetthroughtoughtimes.

2.Amongsalesrepresentatives(represent)foralargeAmericancarmanufacturer,thosewhoweremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.

3.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmoreremarkable(remark).(2018·北京)

4.Severalyearsago,Ireceivedaletterfromseventeen-year-oldKerry,whodescribedherselfasaworld-classfault-finder,almostalwaysbotheredbythings.

5.Don’tremarkon/uponherappearancerudely.

6.Hegaveusabriefdescription(describe)oftheaccidentthathappenedjustnow.

7.Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.Wecouldn’tgetbackalongtheoriginal(origin)track.(2018·浙江)

8.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapainting(paint)youweren’tthatinterestedin?

(2018·天津)

9.Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteaccompaniedbytouching(touch)words.

10.Thesesymptomsareparticularlyassociatedwithalackofenoughsleep.

Ⅲ.选词填空

1.Thedo’sanddon’tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.

(2016·浙江)

2.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastronginfluenceonachild’sreading.

3.Thisbookgivesyoutheopportunitytocreateinyourownwayandmakesyourimaginationcomealive.

4.Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.

5.Overthepastfewmonths,hehasappliedhimselftoimprovingthetechnique.

6.Chineseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.

Ⅳ.同义词语替换

1.Inordertogainahighgrade,youshouldreviewyourlessonseveryday.goover

2.HisrecentdrawingsarebeingshownattheHaywardGallery.onshow/exhibition/display

3.Onthemap,brownareasrepresentdeserts.standfor

4.Iealive

5.Fatherwouldlistencarefullyandwasreadytocomment,alwaystothepoint.

makeremarks/comments

associatev.使联合;联想,联系;交往

n.同伴;伙伴

(1)associate...with...把……和……联系起来

associatewith和……交往或打交道

beassociatedwith和……有关

(2)associationn.[C]协会;社团;[U]联合;结合;交往

inassociationwith和……联合;与……有关

(1)Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwith(与……有关)scientists,whoareinturnthoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail.(2018·浙江高考压轴卷)

[句式升级]

(2)Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociatedwithsmoking.

①Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)

②Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.(association)

commentn.议论,评论;解释;批评

v.表达意见;作出评论

(1)commenton/upon对……作出评论

(2)makeacomment/commentson/about对……作出评论

nocomment无可奉告

[一句多译] 我觉得我不能评论他们的决定。

(1)Idon’tfeelIcancommenton/upontheirdecision.(commentv.)

(2)Idon’tfeelIcanmakeacomment/commentson/abouttheirdecision.(commentn.)

易错点拨

 comment用作及物动词时,其宾语通常只能是that从句,一般不能是名词或代词,若语义上需要接名词或代词作宾语,则通常用commenton/uponsth.结构。

focusvt.集中;聚焦

n.中心点;焦点

(1)focus...on/upon...把……集中于……

(2)infocus焦点对准的;清晰的

outoffocus焦点未对准的;不清晰的

(1)Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you’llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocused(focus)andunderstandthetextbetter.

(2)Thechildren’sfaceswerebadlyoutoffocus(不清晰)inthephotograph.

[句式升级]

(3)Hiseyeswerefocusedontheblackboardsothathedidn’tnoticetheflyingbirdsoutside.(用with复合结构改写)

Withhiseyesfocusedontheblackboard,hedidn’tnoticetheflyingbirdsoutside.

[联想发散] 表示“专心于……;集中注意力于……”的短语还有:

fixone’sattentionon,beabsorbedin,applyoneselfto,concentrateone’sattentionon,belostin,beburiedin,bedevotedto等。

(1)representsb./sth.as/tobe...宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为……

representsth.tosb.向某人说明(传达)某事

(2)representativen.代表;代理人;adj.典型的;有代表性的

(3)standfor代表;象征

onbehalfofsb.(=onone’sbehalf)为了某人;代表某人

(1)Thistypeoftrainingisrepresentative(represent)ofthemanagementcharacteristicofthecompany.

(2)Herepresentshimselfas/tobe(自称是)afriendofthepresident.

(3)Onbehalfof(=Representing)ourschool,I’mgladtotellyousomethingabouttheseactivities.

spotv.发现;认出;点缀

n.斑点;污点;地点

1spotsb.doing...发现某人正在做……

2onthespot=onthescene当场;在现场

3spottedadj.有斑点的;有圆点的

(1)Hespottedhisfriendtalking(talk)withsomeoneoverthere.

(2)Theyoungman,whowastheonlymanonthespot/onthescene(在现场),wastoldtosetdownwhathesaw.

[句式升级]

(3)Thepolicearrivedatthespotandtheretheyfoundtheevidence.(用定语从句改写)

Thepolicearrivedatthespotwheretheyfoundtheevidence.

setaboutdoing开始;着手

setaside留出;把……放置一旁;不理会;取消

setdown放下;记下;让……下车;登记

setout出发for;着手todo;安排

setoff出发for;引起;点燃

setup建立;准备;安排

[根据语境用set短语的正确形式填空]

(1)Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown.

(2017·全国Ⅲ)

(2)Moreover,withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld.

(2018·全国Ⅲ)

(3)Whydon’tyousetyourideasdownonpaper?

(4)Thenewgovernmentmustsetaboutfindingsolutionstothecountry’seconomicproblems.

(5)Itrytosetasideafewminuteseachdaytotakeexercise.

rangen.种类;范围;v.排列;涉及

arangeof一系列……

beyond/outofone’srange超出某人的范围

in/withintherangeof在……范围之内

(1)Thereisarangeofmountainsinmyhometown.

在我的家乡有一处连绵不断的山脉。

(2)Thesubjectisbeyond/outofmyrange.

这个问题已超出了我的能力范围。

(3)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.

(2017·北京)

国家公园有大量的野生动物,从蝴蝶到大象不等。

influencen.影响;有影响的人或事物;v.影响

undertheinfluenceof在……的影响下

beinfluencedby受……的影响

(1)Myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel,whoseinfluenceonmehastodowithmydecision.

(2)Hebeginswritingpoetryundertheinfluenceof(在……影响下)hisfriend,RobertFrost.

(3)[同义句改写] VanGoghhadaninfluenceonthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.

①VanGoghinfluenced/affectedthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.(influence/affect)

②VanGoghhadaneffectonthedevelopmentofmodernpainting.(effect)

(1)showoff炫耀

show...out领……出去

show...in领……进来

showsb.around/round领某人参观

(2)(be)onshow在展出

[根据语境用show短语的正确形式填空]

(1)Mikewastryingtoshowoffhistalentbydecoratingthekitchenwallwithhiscolourpencils.

(2)Sheshowedmearound/roundherfactoryandintroducedmetoeverybody.

(3)AllthecollectionswillbeonshowfromJune16to18inthegym.

(4)Afewhundredpeopleshowedup,aswellassometelevisioncameramenandreporters.

(5)Ourguestssaidgoodbyetousandweshowedthemout.

standby袖手旁观

standout突出;显眼;杰出

standsb./sth.doing...容忍某人/某物做……

standonone’sownfeet自立;不依靠他人

[写出下列句子中standfor的汉语意思]

(1)ThelettersPLAstandfortheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy.代表

(2)She’sbeenlyingaboutme,andIwon’tstandforitanymore.容忍

(3)Asweknow,pigeonsstandforpeace.象征

(4)Westandforequalityamongallnations,bigorsmall.主张;支持

[完成句子]

(5)Howcanyoustandby(袖手旁观)andlethimtreathisdoglikethat?

(6)Shecouldn’tstandbeingkeptwaiting(保持等待).

 

Someclassicworksnotonlyofferusjoyandexcitement,butalsoencourageustothinkcritically.

一些经典作品不但带给我们喜悦和兴奋,而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。

notonly...but(also)...表示“不但……而且……”,通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等,还可以连接两个并列的句子。

(1)notonlyAbutalsoB=BaswellasA

(2)notonly...butalso...连接两个分句时,若notonly位于句首,notonly所在的分句要部分倒装,butalso后面的分句不倒装。

(3)notonly...butalso...连接并列主语时,谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则。

即谓语动词和最近的主语保持一致。

(4)notonly只能连用,而butalso既可连用,也可分开用,also也可省略。

(1)Notonlythechildrenbutalsotheircoachis(be)fondofplayingfootball.

→Notonlythecoachbutalsothechildrenare(be)fondofplayingfootball.

[同义句改写]

(2)NotonlycanpractisingChinesekungfubuildupone’sstrength,butalsodevelopone’scharacter.

①PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone’sstrength,butalsodevelopone’scharacter.

②PractisingChinesekungfucandevelopone’scharacter,aswellasbuildupone’sstrength.

[翻译句子]

(3)通过这样做,我不仅能够与他人分享好的想法,而且能够学会清楚地表达自我。

Bydoingso,Icannotonlysharegoodideaswithothersbutalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.

Iholdtheviewthatifwestudentswanttoknowasmanygreatworksofliteratureaswecan,wehadbetterreadtheoriginalwork.

我认为如果我们学生想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品,最好还是读原著。

(1)that引导同位语从句,常跟在fact,news,word,idea,hope,order,belief,doubt,courage,chance等名词后,对它们起到解释说明的作用。

(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别:

that在同位语从句中不能作任何句子成分,也没有实际意义,只起连接作用,且that不可省略;that在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语,作宾语时that可省略。

(1)Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.

(2)NewscamefromtheschoolofficethatWangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

(3)—Isthereanypossibilitythatyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?

—Noproblem.

(4)Thenews(that/which)youheardistrue.

Ontheonehand,theybelievethattheycanunderstandliteratureinashorttimebyseeingthefilmanditisusuallymoreinterestingtoseetheperformersactthefilmthanjusttoreadtheoriginalwork.一方面,他们认为通过看电影能够在短时间内理解文学作品,而且通常看演员表演要比仅仅阅读原著更有趣。

(1)ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……

(2)foronething...foranother(thing)...一则……二则……

(1)OntheonehandIwanttosellthehouse,butontheotherhand,Ican’tbearthethoughtofmoving.

一方面我想把房子卖掉,但另一方面一想到搬家我就受不了。

(2)Iwon’tgo.Foronething,Ihaveseenthefilm;foranother(thing),Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattendtonight.我不去。

一则我已经看过这部电影了;二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。

易错点拨

 ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...常用于表达相矛盾的两方面;foronething...foranother(thing)...陈述的两方面情况常常一致。

(2018·浙江,A)

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitpro

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