英语 初中英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析.docx

英语 初中英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析.docx

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英语初中英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   In1845,adeadlydiseasestruckthefarmsofIreland,killingalltheLumperpotatoplants.Inanotherplaceortime,thedeathofsinglecropspecies（物种）mightnothavebeensoimportant.ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.

   Overthecenturies,farmershavediscoveredthousandsofdifferentspeciesoffoodcrops.Eachspecieshasspecialqualities.Somecanbegrowninveryhotorcoldclimates.Othersarenotaffectedbycertaindiseases.However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.TofeedthesevenbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsandfarmingonlyspeciesofanimalsthatareeasytoproduceinlargenumbers.

   Forexample,inthePhilippines,therewereoncethousandsofvarietiesofrice:

nowfewerthan100aregrownthere.InChina,90percentofthewheatvarietiesgrownjustacenturyagohavedisappeared.Scientistsbelievethatoverthepastcentury,wehaveallowedmorethanhalfoftheworld'sfoodvarietiestodisappear.

   Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseeds（种子）asmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.TheideawasfirstsuggestedbyRussianscientistNikolayVavilov.Inthe1920sand1930s,hecollectedaround400,000seedsfromfivecontients.Morerecently,othersarecontinuingtheworkhebegan.

   IntheU.S.stateofIowa,DianeOttWhealywantedtoprotecthistoricplantvarieties,liketheseedshergreat–grandfatherbroughttotheU.S.fromGermanymorethanahundredyearsago.SheandherhusbandstartedaplacecalledHeritageFarm,wherepeoplecanstoreandtradeseeds.

   Moreimportantly,thepeopleatHeritageFarmdon'tjuststoretheseeds;theyplantthem.Bydoingthis,theyarereintroducingfoodsintothemarketplacethathaven'tbeengrownforyears.Thesefoodspeciesarenotjustspecialintermsofappearanceortaste.Theyalsoofferfarmersfoodsolutionsforthefuture,fromthepast.

（1）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A. Theneedtoprotectdifferentfoodspecies.

B. Howtoincreasethenumberoffoodspecies.

C. Thefactthatmanyfoodspeciesaredyingout.

D. Howtopreventfoodspeciesfromdisappearing.

（2）Whyaresomescientistsworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain?

A. Becausepeopledependoncertainspeciesoffoodcrops.

B. Becausethesamedeadlydiseasemayattackcropsagain.

C. Becausetheworld'spopulationislargerthanthatin1845.

D. Becausefarmersgrowthesamepotatoesasthoseinthepast.

（3）Thefollowingsentencewouldbestbeplacedattheendof________.

Meanwhile,thousandsofotherspeciesaredyingout.

A. Paragraph1                   

B. Paragraph2                   

C. Paragraph3                   

D. Paragraph4

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. ThediseasespreadveryquicklyandkilledthousandsofpeopleinIreland.

B. Around80percentofthericevarietiesinthePhilippineshavedisappeared.

C. Peoplehavebeenstoringseedstosaveplanevarietiesforlessthan100years.

D. HeritageFarmisthefirstplaceintheU.S.forpeopletostoreandtradeseeds.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失。

（1）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.可知人们依赖单一的土豆或者食物，所以科学家担心饥荒再次来临，故选A。

（3）推断题。

根据第二段However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.在超市里不能发现这些物种，因为一些正在灭绝，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.可知疾病迅速蔓延，给爱尔兰的人们带去了饥荒，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读表格，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Onsale!

Girl'sPinkTent（帐篷）

Ithaslightweightandiseasytocarry.

Therearesmallholesinthewindows.Theseholeslettheairinandkeepthebugs（小虫）out.

Price:

$230

Tel:

768-3647

PengLaiChunRestaurant

YuxiRoad

AChineserestaurant.

Deliciousandgreatvalue!

Price:

$18foreachadult（成年人）;halfpriceforeachkidunder8

Book（预定）earlybecauseitgetsbusy!

Tel:

623-2972

Bookshopassistant（助理）

Dicken'sBooks

LincolnRoad

Monday-Friday,andoneSaturdayeverymonth

Price:

$80anhour,8a.m.-4p.m.

Telephone879-6634andspeaktotheshopmanager,JohnHunter

SummerFashionShow

GoldenShoppingPlaza

2:

00p.m.Saturday

Men'sandwomen'sswimmingclothes

See26prettyandcoolmodelsinthelatestfashions.

Price:

Allclothingonsaleaftertheshowforunder$60.

Formoreinformation:

goldenplaza@sina.com

（1）Whatcoloristhetent?

A. pink                                    B. yellow                                    C. red                                    D. blue

（2）Howmuchshouldacouple（一对夫妻）withakidat5payatPengLaiChunRestaurant?

A. $18                                       B. $9                                       C. $36                                       D. $45

（3）IfSusanwantstoworkasanassistantatDicken'sBooks,sheshouldcallat________.

A. 768-3647                         

B. 623-2972                         

C. 879-6634                         

D. 768-6634

（4）Wecan________inGoldenShoppingPlaza.

A. buyagirl'spinktent

B. see26prettyandcoolmodelsinthelatestfashions

C. telephone879-6634andspeaktotheshopmanager,JohnHunter

D. eatdeliciousfood

（5）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A. TheassistantatDicken'sBookshastoworkfor8hoursaday.

B. Theholesinthewindowsofthetentcanlettheairandbugsin.

C. TheSummerFashionShowstartsat2:

00intheafternoononSaturday.

D. PeoplewhowanttoeatatPengLaiChunRestaurantshouldbookearly.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

（5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：

这是一篇四则广告，分别介绍价格，和联系方式。

（1）细节题。

根据Girl'sPinkTent（帐篷）可知帐篷是粉红色，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据price:

$18foreachadult（成年人）;halfpriceforeachkidunder8可知，一个成年人8美元，8岁以下小孩半价18+18+9=45，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据Telephone879-6634andspeaktotheshopmanager,JohnHunter可知，她想在Dicken的书店当助理，可知拨打电话879-6634。

故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据See26prettyandcoolmodelsinthelatestfashions.可知，可在GoldenShoppingPlaza看见26个又漂亮又酷穿着最新服装的模特，故选B。

（5）判断正误题。

根据Theseholeslettheairinandkeepthebugs（小虫）out.，可知这些小洞可以透气，并且阻挡小虫，因此B错误，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，细节题是阅读理解题常考题型，细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

3．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   Manypeoplelovetravellingtodifferentcountries,butifyouplantogoabroad,youshouldknowhowtobehaveindifferentsituationsaroundtheworld.

   Mosttravelersenjoymeetingnewpeople,butsometimesyoucanberudewithoutsayinganything.InRussia,youshouldnevershakehandsinadoorway,andifyou'retravellinginThailand,nevertouchpeople'sheadsorpointyourfeetatpeople.WhentheJapanesemeetnewpeople,theylikegivingbusinesscards-butyoushouldreadthecardcarefully,notjustputitinyourpocket.

   InmostcountriesinEuropepeopleexpectalotofeyecontactwhenyoutalktothem,butinmanyAsiancountriesalotofeyecontactseemsunfriendly.AndinSouthAmericapeopleusuallystandquiteclosetoeachotherwhentheytalk,butincountriesliketheUSAyouneedtogivepeoplemorepersonalspace.Also,it'srudetointerruptJapanesepeoplewhiletheyaretalkingtoyou.Youmustwaituntiltheyfinishbeforeyoustartspeaking.

   InrestaurantsinChinayoucanleaveabitoffoodonyourplate,it'sOKtostartsmokingbeforeotherpeoplefinisheating,whichyoumustn'tdointheUK.WheninIndia,remembertoeatwithyourrighthand.AlsoavoidleavingemptybottlesonthedinnertableinRussia--that'sbadluck.

   Whenyou'retravellinginAsia,ifsomeoneinvitesyoutohisorherhome,don'tforgettotakeoffyourshoeswhenyouarrive.AndifyouvisitanArabfamily'shome,don'tadmireanythingvaluablebecauseyourhostwillfeelheshouldgiveittoyouasapresent.

   Withsomuchtothinkabout,it'snotsurprisingthatmanypeopleprefergoingonholidayintheirowncountries-oryoumightjustdecidetostayathome.

（1）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A. WecanadmireanythingvaluableinanArabfamily'shome.

B. InChina,peoplecannotsmokebeforeotherpeoplefinisheating.

C. InRussia,it'simpolitetoshakehandswithpeopleinadoorway.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"interrupt"meaninChinese?

A. 跟随                                         

B. 打断                                         

C. 附和

（3）Whatisthecorrectorderofthesubheadings（小标题）fromParagraph2toParagraph5?

①Eatingout

②Inthehome

③Bodylanguage

④Face-to-facecommunication

A. ②③④①                                  

B. ④①②③                                  

C. ③④①②

（4）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

A. Practicemakesperfect.

B. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

C. WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

（5）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A. CultureShock                         

B. TableManners                         

C. PublicRules

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：

本文主要告诉人们出国时交际时应该注意如何尊重不同国家的交际礼仪，注意文化差异。

（1）细节理解题。

由AndifyouvisitanArabfamily'shome,don'tadmireanythingvaluablebecauseyourhostwillfeelheshouldgiveittoyouasapresent.可知选项A，不符合文章内容，故排除A； InrestaurantsinChinayoucanleaveabitoffoodonyourplate,it'sOKtostartsmokingbefore