届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.docx

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届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.docx

届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2020届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

TheCOVID-19pandemichasaffectedallaspectsoflife,includingthewaywetravel.Butforthosewhoarelookingtoexpandtheirhorizonswhilestillstayingsafe,thefollowingthreetraveltrendsin2021mayprovideinspirations.Let’stakealook.

Staycation

Withmanytravelrestrictionsduringthepandemic,peoplepreferredtravelingtonearbyplacesin2020.Thistrendcontinuesin2021.Accordingtosearchdata,62percentofpeopleareinterestedintakingavacationwithindrivingdistanceofhome.Peoplewholiveinlargecitieswanttogetbackintouchwithnature.Travelersarelookingforplacesdifferentfromtheireverydayaccommodations,forexample,farmstays,villasandcottages.

Podtravel

While2020sawariseinsolotravelandisolatedadventures,2021showsthatpeoplewanttobemoreconnected.“Podtravel”,orgatheringinisolatedspaceswithlovedones,isgrowinginpopularity.85percentofsurveyrespondentsfavortravelingwithfamilyorfriends,andoverhalfofthetripssearchedincludethreeormorepeople.Podtravelisheretostayforthosewhowanttosafelybetogetherwhilereducingrisksassociatedwithsocializingwithothers.

Remoteworkingandtraveling

Manypeopleworkedandlearnedfromhomein2020becauseofthepandemic.Remoteworkingblursthelinebetweenworkingandtraveling.Therewasa128percentincreaseinthementionofphrasessuchas“relocation”,“relocate”,“remotework”and“tryinganewneighborhood”.Peopleareactivelybookinglongerstays(e.g.twoplusweektrips)insmalltomid—sizecitieswithaccesstoimmersivenaturalsurroundingsandwide—openspaces.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutStaycation?

A.Travellingtothecountryside.B.Takinganisolatedadventure.

CHavingholidaysinnearbyplaces.D.Stayingindoorsallbyoneself.

2.What’sspecialaboutPodtravel?

A.Travelingalone.B.Travelingfaraway.

C.Travelingwhileworking.D.Travelingwithlovedones.

3.Wheremightwefindthetextinamagazine?

A.Medicine.B.Education.

C.TourismD.Career.

B

Wheredoyouusuallyputyourtoothbrush?

Doyoukeepitinthebathroom?

How’syourtoothbrushlookingthesedays?

Evenifyoucan’tseeitwithanakedeye,expertssayitmaybesaturated(使饱和)withmillionsoftoiletgerms!

Dr.CharlesOerba,agermexpert,isamicrobiologyprofessorattheUniversityofArizona.Hesaysthereareapproximately3millionbacteriapersquareinchinmosttoiletbowls,andeverytimeyouflushitwithoutclosingthelid,thosemillionsofbacteriadropletssprayintotheairasfarastwentyfeetawayanddirtyeverythingintheirpath.Andacommonvictimisyourpoortoothbrush,usually,leftoutonthebathroomsink,right?

So,whatdowedo?

Dr.Gerbasaysit’seasy.Closethetoiletlidbeforeyouflush—that’llgreatlycutdownthegerms,whichwillotherwisefloatintheair.Andwashyourtoothbrusheveryfewdaysinmouthwashorperoxidetogetridofanygermshidinginit.Youcanevenputitthroughthedishwashertosanitize(消毒)it.Andalwaysstoreyourtoothbrushinaclosedcabinet.

Here’sonemoretipfromDr.Gerba,whosaysourkitchensinkisprobablydirtierthanourtoilet.“Ifanaliencamefromspaceandstudiedthebacterialcounts,heprobablywouldconcludeheshouldwashhishandsinyourtoiletandgotothebathroominyoursink.”Hesaysthat’sbecausethekitchensinkisagreatplacewhereE.coli(大肠杆菌)toliveandgrowsinceit’swetanddamp.Bacteriafeedonthefoodthatpeopleputdownthedrainor—that’sleftondishesinthesink.Toresetyoursink’sbacteriacountbacktozero,you’dbetterregularlywashitwithhotwaterandsanitizeyoursinkwithspecialchemicals.Infact,youmaywanttodoiteverydayorbeforepreparingdinner.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toshowhowtobrushyourteeth.

B.Totellpeopletheimportanceofhealth.

C.Towarnpeopleoftheinvisiblegerms.

D.Tointroduceamicrobiologyprofessor.

5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Bathroomsinksarethedirtiestplaces.

B.Bacteriaarebadforpeople’shealth.

C.Whybacteriaspreadthroughtheair.

D.Howbacteriaspreadinthebathroom.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4referto?

A.Thefood.B.Thetoothbrush.

C.Thesink.D.Thechemical.

7.WhydoesDr.Gerbamentiontheexampleofanalien?

A.Totellusafictionstoryofanalienstudyingbacteria.

B.Toshowourkitchensinkmaybedirtierthanourtoilet.

C.Toteachushowtoresetsink’sbacteriacountbacktozero.

D.Toprovecolipreferstoliveinthekitchenandthedrain.

C

WhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?

EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisinceatleastthe18thcentury.Thecapitalcityhasbeendestroyedtwicein19years.The21stcenturyhasbeennomorekind.

TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates(构造板块)thatmove.HaitisitsnearthecrossingoftwotectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’soutershell.Earthquakescanoccurwhenthoseplatesmoveagainsteachotherandcreatefriction(摩擦力).

Haitiisalsooverpopulated.Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.Thosebuildingscansurvivestrongwindsbatareeasytofaildownwhenthegroundshrikes.Poorbuildingpracticescanalsoplayarole.

“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,ageologist.“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.Wedoknowthatearthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”

Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnationintheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmoreearthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,aprofessorofanthropologyandnonprofitandNGOstudiesatNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’sgovernmenthasbecomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.

“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,Therearetrainedarchitects.Therearecityplanners.That’snottheproblem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination(协调),andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”

8.Whichfactorcausingthehugedamageishighlighted?

A.Itsoverpopulation.B.Itsweakgovernment.

C.Itsgeographicallocation.D.Itsweakarchitecturesystem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefault”inparagraph4referto?

ALackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.

B.Lackinghurricane-resistant;buildings.

C.Lackingearthquake-resistantbuildings.

D.Sittingonthecrossingoftwotectonicplates.

10.What’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?

ASupportive.B.Critical.

C.Indifferent.D.Interested.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeaproblemaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Fundandwill.B.Skilledarchitects.

C.Urbandesigners.D.Technologyandmoney.

D

Itwasonceconsideredanimportantstatussymbol---buthavingahomephoneisincreasinglyseenasawhiteelephant.Newfiguresshowthatoneinfivehouseholdsnolongerbotherwithalandline(固定电话),andalmostathirdofthosethatdoneveractuallyuseit.

Thevastmajorityofpeoplewhostillhaveahomephone——72percent——saytheyonlyhaveitbecauseitispartoftheirbroadbandpackage.Butthat'snottheonlyreasontodesertthehomephone-20percentofthosesurveyedsaidthattheywerefedupwiththenumberofcoldcallsandwould-bescammers(诈骗者).

DigitalmediaexpertDr.ElinorCarmisaidtherewasagenerationalandsocialdivideinphoneuse.Sheexplained:

"Ifyou,reyoungandhavethemobilitytogooutside,youwouldrelyonamobilephone.Butifyouareolder,disabledandperhapspoorer,ourresearchshowsyou'remorelikelytousealandline.Ifyouarericher,youwillhaveaccesstomoresmartdevices---asmartTV,smartphoneorlaptop.Butthepooreryouare---orifyouareolder,youruseofthesedevicesismorelimited.”

Lastyear,researchfromregulatorOfcomfoundthattheamountoftimespentonlandlinecallsannuallyintheUKhadhalvedoverjustsixyears,to54billionminutes.Thenewstudyalsoshowedthatmorethanaquarterofhouseholdshavedecidedtofindabroadbandproviderthatdoesnotchargefortheirunusedlandline,butonlysixpercenthavedoneso.

12.Theunderlinedpart“awhiteelephant"inParagraph1probablyreferstosomethingthatis

A.costlybuteffectiveB.usefulandbeautiful

C.expensivebutuselessD.cheapandnecessary

13.What'sthemainreasonwhysomepeoplestillhaveahomephone?

A.Theirbroadbandpackagecontainsit.

B.Theirfamilycanonlyaffordtouseit.

C.Theyareusedtousingahomephone.

D.Theyconsideritanimportantstatussymbol.

14.Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytousealandline?

A.Ayoungadventurer.

B.Anoldpoorgardener.

C.Anoutdoorphotographer.

D.Afamousindoordesigner.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Endofthelandline?

B.Fedupwithcoldcalls?

C.Thehistoryofphones

D.Differentchoicesofphones

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项

Cyberbullying(网络霸凌)isaformofbullyingbutbecauseithappensonlineoronmobilephonesitcanhappen24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Ifyouarebeingbulliedatschoolyoucanusuallygetawayfromthebullieswhenyouareathome.____16____Cyberbullyingcanbedoneanonymously(匿名).Cyberbullyingisv

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