届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.docx
《届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2020届太原市第三十七中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
TheCOVID-19pandemichasaffectedallaspectsoflife,includingthewaywetravel.Butforthosewhoarelookingtoexpandtheirhorizonswhilestillstayingsafe,thefollowingthreetraveltrendsin2021mayprovideinspirations.Let’stakealook.
Staycation
Withmanytravelrestrictionsduringthepandemic,peoplepreferredtravelingtonearbyplacesin2020.Thistrendcontinuesin2021.Accordingtosearchdata,62percentofpeopleareinterestedintakingavacationwithindrivingdistanceofhome.Peoplewholiveinlargecitieswanttogetbackintouchwithnature.Travelersarelookingforplacesdifferentfromtheireverydayaccommodations,forexample,farmstays,villasandcottages.
Podtravel
While2020sawariseinsolotravelandisolatedadventures,2021showsthatpeoplewanttobemoreconnected.“Podtravel”,orgatheringinisolatedspaceswithlovedones,isgrowinginpopularity.85percentofsurveyrespondentsfavortravelingwithfamilyorfriends,andoverhalfofthetripssearchedincludethreeormorepeople.Podtravelisheretostayforthosewhowanttosafelybetogetherwhilereducingrisksassociatedwithsocializingwithothers.
Remoteworkingandtraveling
Manypeopleworkedandlearnedfromhomein2020becauseofthepandemic.Remoteworkingblursthelinebetweenworkingandtraveling.Therewasa128percentincreaseinthementionofphrasessuchas“relocation”,“relocate”,“remotework”and“tryinganewneighborhood”.Peopleareactivelybookinglongerstays(e.g.twoplusweektrips)insmalltomid—sizecitieswithaccesstoimmersivenaturalsurroundingsandwide—openspaces.
1.WhatcanwelearnaboutStaycation?
A.Travellingtothecountryside.B.Takinganisolatedadventure.
CHavingholidaysinnearbyplaces.D.Stayingindoorsallbyoneself.
2.What’sspecialaboutPodtravel?
A.Travelingalone.B.Travelingfaraway.
C.Travelingwhileworking.D.Travelingwithlovedones.
3.Wheremightwefindthetextinamagazine?
A.Medicine.B.Education.
C.TourismD.Career.
B
Wheredoyouusuallyputyourtoothbrush?
Doyoukeepitinthebathroom?
How’syourtoothbrushlookingthesedays?
Evenifyoucan’tseeitwithanakedeye,expertssayitmaybesaturated(使饱和)withmillionsoftoiletgerms!
Dr.CharlesOerba,agermexpert,isamicrobiologyprofessorattheUniversityofArizona.Hesaysthereareapproximately3millionbacteriapersquareinchinmosttoiletbowls,andeverytimeyouflushitwithoutclosingthelid,thosemillionsofbacteriadropletssprayintotheairasfarastwentyfeetawayanddirtyeverythingintheirpath.Andacommonvictimisyourpoortoothbrush,usually,leftoutonthebathroomsink,right?
So,whatdowedo?
Dr.Gerbasaysit’seasy.Closethetoiletlidbeforeyouflush—that’llgreatlycutdownthegerms,whichwillotherwisefloatintheair.Andwashyourtoothbrusheveryfewdaysinmouthwashorperoxidetogetridofanygermshidinginit.Youcanevenputitthroughthedishwashertosanitize(消毒)it.Andalwaysstoreyourtoothbrushinaclosedcabinet.
Here’sonemoretipfromDr.Gerba,whosaysourkitchensinkisprobablydirtierthanourtoilet.“Ifanaliencamefromspaceandstudiedthebacterialcounts,heprobablywouldconcludeheshouldwashhishandsinyourtoiletandgotothebathroominyoursink.”Hesaysthat’sbecausethekitchensinkisagreatplacewhereE.coli(大肠杆菌)toliveandgrowsinceit’swetanddamp.Bacteriafeedonthefoodthatpeopleputdownthedrainor—that’sleftondishesinthesink.Toresetyoursink’sbacteriacountbacktozero,you’dbetterregularlywashitwithhotwaterandsanitizeyoursinkwithspecialchemicals.Infact,youmaywanttodoiteverydayorbeforepreparingdinner.
4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toshowhowtobrushyourteeth.
B.Totellpeopletheimportanceofhealth.
C.Towarnpeopleoftheinvisiblegerms.
D.Tointroduceamicrobiologyprofessor.
5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?
A.Bathroomsinksarethedirtiestplaces.
B.Bacteriaarebadforpeople’shealth.
C.Whybacteriaspreadthroughtheair.
D.Howbacteriaspreadinthebathroom.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4referto?
A.Thefood.B.Thetoothbrush.
C.Thesink.D.Thechemical.
7.WhydoesDr.Gerbamentiontheexampleofanalien?
A.Totellusafictionstoryofanalienstudyingbacteria.
B.Toshowourkitchensinkmaybedirtierthanourtoilet.
C.Toteachushowtoresetsink’sbacteriacountbacktozero.
D.Toprovecolipreferstoliveinthekitchenandthedrain.
C
WhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?
EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisinceatleastthe18thcentury.Thecapitalcityhasbeendestroyedtwicein19years.The21stcenturyhasbeennomorekind.
TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates(构造板块)thatmove.HaitisitsnearthecrossingoftwotectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’soutershell.Earthquakescanoccurwhenthoseplatesmoveagainsteachotherandcreatefriction(摩擦力).
Haitiisalsooverpopulated.Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.Thosebuildingscansurvivestrongwindsbatareeasytofaildownwhenthegroundshrikes.Poorbuildingpracticescanalsoplayarole.
“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,ageologist.“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.Wedoknowthatearthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”
Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnationintheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmoreearthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,aprofessorofanthropologyandnonprofitandNGOstudiesatNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’sgovernmenthasbecomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.
“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,Therearetrainedarchitects.Therearecityplanners.That’snottheproblem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination(协调),andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”
8.Whichfactorcausingthehugedamageishighlighted?
A.Itsoverpopulation.B.Itsweakgovernment.
C.Itsgeographicallocation.D.Itsweakarchitecturesystem.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefault”inparagraph4referto?
ALackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.
B.Lackinghurricane-resistant;buildings.
C.Lackingearthquake-resistantbuildings.
D.Sittingonthecrossingoftwotectonicplates.
10.What’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?
ASupportive.B.Critical.
C.Indifferent.D.Interested.
11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeaproblemaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Fundandwill.B.Skilledarchitects.
C.Urbandesigners.D.Technologyandmoney.
D
Itwasonceconsideredanimportantstatussymbol---buthavingahomephoneisincreasinglyseenasawhiteelephant.Newfiguresshowthatoneinfivehouseholdsnolongerbotherwithalandline(固定电话),andalmostathirdofthosethatdoneveractuallyuseit.
Thevastmajorityofpeoplewhostillhaveahomephone——72percent——saytheyonlyhaveitbecauseitispartoftheirbroadbandpackage.Butthat'snottheonlyreasontodesertthehomephone-20percentofthosesurveyedsaidthattheywerefedupwiththenumberofcoldcallsandwould-bescammers(诈骗者).
DigitalmediaexpertDr.ElinorCarmisaidtherewasagenerationalandsocialdivideinphoneuse.Sheexplained:
"Ifyou,reyoungandhavethemobilitytogooutside,youwouldrelyonamobilephone.Butifyouareolder,disabledandperhapspoorer,ourresearchshowsyou'remorelikelytousealandline.Ifyouarericher,youwillhaveaccesstomoresmartdevices---asmartTV,smartphoneorlaptop.Butthepooreryouare---orifyouareolder,youruseofthesedevicesismorelimited.”
Lastyear,researchfromregulatorOfcomfoundthattheamountoftimespentonlandlinecallsannuallyintheUKhadhalvedoverjustsixyears,to54billionminutes.Thenewstudyalsoshowedthatmorethanaquarterofhouseholdshavedecidedtofindabroadbandproviderthatdoesnotchargefortheirunusedlandline,butonlysixpercenthavedoneso.
12.Theunderlinedpart“awhiteelephant"inParagraph1probablyreferstosomethingthatis
A.costlybuteffectiveB.usefulandbeautiful
C.expensivebutuselessD.cheapandnecessary
13.What'sthemainreasonwhysomepeoplestillhaveahomephone?
A.Theirbroadbandpackagecontainsit.
B.Theirfamilycanonlyaffordtouseit.
C.Theyareusedtousingahomephone.
D.Theyconsideritanimportantstatussymbol.
14.Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytousealandline?
A.Ayoungadventurer.
B.Anoldpoorgardener.
C.Anoutdoorphotographer.
D.Afamousindoordesigner.
15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?
A.Endofthelandline?
B.Fedupwithcoldcalls?
C.Thehistoryofphones
D.Differentchoicesofphones
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项
Cyberbullying(网络霸凌)isaformofbullyingbutbecauseithappensonlineoronmobilephonesitcanhappen24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Ifyouarebeingbulliedatschoolyoucanusuallygetawayfromthebullieswhenyouareathome.____16____Cyberbullyingcanbedoneanonymously(匿名).Cyberbullyingisv