初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案.docx

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初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案.docx

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初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案.docx

初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

 被动语态

一、语态概述

英语中有两种语态:

主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

如:

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语:

speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。

所谓“被动语态〞,相当于中文中常说的“被……〞、“由……〞的句式,如:

“他的自行车被偷了。

〞,再如:

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

判断:

看下面的两个例句,你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动?

Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。

〔____________〕

Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。

〔____________〕

二、被动语态的构成:

be动词+Vp.p

被动特点强调宾,用be加上过去分。

行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。

1.Englishis___________〔speak〕inCanada.

2.Theblouseis___________〔make〕ofsilk.

3.Englishis___________〔speak〕bymanypeople.

谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没必要。

动作承受者需强调,用被动语态莫忘了。

1.Somestampswere___________〔steal〕lastweek.

2.ThePRCwas___________〔found〕onOctober1,1949.

3.Footballis___________〔play〕inmostmiddleschools.

被动语态须留意,P.P前面助动be.be+P.P

am〔is,are〕现在时,am〔is,are〕+P.P

was和were表过去。

was〔were〕+P.P

完成have〔has〕been。

have〔has〕been+P.P

将来,情态,be原形。

will〔can,may,must〕be+P.P

进展时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。

am〔is,are〕+being+P.P

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词〞构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

但凡汉语中带“被〞的句子,都能转换成英语的被动语态。

三.几种常用时态的被动语态——

1.一般现在时:

am/is/are+过去分词

肯定句:

Bikesare___________〔sell〕inthatshop.

否认句:

Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.

疑问句:

Arebikessoldinthatshop"Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.

2.一般过去时:

was/were+过去分词

肯定句:

Hewas___________〔save〕in1999.

否认句:

Hewasnotsavedin1999.

疑问句:

Washesavedin1999"Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.

3.一般将来时:

shall/will/begoingto+be+过去分词

肯定句:

AnEnglishclasswillbe___________〔give〕byJacktomorrow.

否认句:

AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.

疑问句:

WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow"

4.现在进展时:

am/is/are+being+过去分词

肯定句:

Acarisbeing___________〔drive〕now.

否认句:

Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.

疑问句:

Isacarbeingdrivennow"Yes,itis./No,itisn't.

5.现在完成时:

have/has+been+过去分词

肯定句:

Aroadhasbeen___________〔build〕bythegovernment.

否认句:

Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.

疑问句:

Hasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment"Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.

6.情态动词:

情态动词+be+P.P

1〕Thisclockcanbe___________〔repair〕here.

2〕Thetreesmaybe___________〔plant〕atothertimesoftheyear.

3〕Thepositionmustbe___________〔hand〕inafterclass.

4〕Theyoungtreesshouldbe___________〔plant〕inspring.

 

四、被动语态的用法

〔1〕不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:

Somenewputerswere___________〔steal〕lastnight.

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

〔不知道电脑是谁偷的〕

Thisbookwas___________〔publish〕in1981.这本书出版于1981年。

〔2〕强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:

Thewindowwas___________〔break〕byMike.窗户是迈克打破的。

Thisbookwas___________〔write〕byhim.这本书是他写的。

Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

 

五、主动语态变被动语态的方法

〔1〕把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

〔2〕把谓语变成被动构造〔be+过去分词〕

〔根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式〕。

〔3〕把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

例如:

1.Allthepeople___________〔laugh〕athim.

→Hewas___________〔laugh〕atbyallpeople.

2.They___________〔make〕thebikesinthefactory.

→Thebikesare___________〔make〕bytheminthefactory.

六、补充

一些宾补动词如make,see,hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形〔实为省略to的动词不定式〕作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复to。

如:

Hemademestandoutside.→Iwasmadetostandoutside〔byhim〕.

Isawhimplayfootball.→Hewasseentoplayfootball〔byhim〕.

专项练习

一、选择题

(  )1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear"

A.Is;built         B.Was;built    C.Does;build   D.Did;build

(  )2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappened B.washappened C.ishappened   D.happened

(  )3.Cotton〔棉花〕____inthesoutheastofChina.

A.isgrown         B.aregrown     C.grows        D.grow

(  )4.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

   A.isgiven          B.hasbeengiven  C.willbegiven  D.gives

(  )5.Howmanytrees____thisyear"

   A.areplanted       B.willplant       C.havebeenplanted D.planted

(  )6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

   A.aredoing         B.arebeingdone  C.hasbeendone D.willbedone

(  )7.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

   A.knows           B.knew          C.isknown      D.wasknown

()8.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelooked      B.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked

()9.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlisten  B.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened

C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten

()10.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.isgoingtodiscuss     B.willdiscuss

C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed

()11.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuiltB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt

()12.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup

()13.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished

()14.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown

()15.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.praises

C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised

()16.Thepicture______ inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken

()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired

()18.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing

()19.Thewar______in1941.

A.brokeout     B.hadbeenbrokenout

C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout

()20.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour.

A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats

()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.

A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking

()22.They______dayandnight.

A.aremadework    B.aremadetowork

C.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork

()23.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.

A.wassentup      B.issentup

C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup

()24.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.

A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung

()25.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.

A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned

()26.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____"

A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found

()27.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.

A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended

()28.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.

A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

()29.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.

A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon

()30.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen

()31.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.

A.broke,isbroken B.isbroken,wasbroken

C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken

二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)

1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________〔build〕intwomonths.

2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________〔discuss〕now.

3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______〔speak〕intheworld?

4.Thelostboy_____________〔notfind〕sofar.

5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________〔cut〕down.

6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

7What_______knives ______(make)of"

8.They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.

9.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary"

10.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

11.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

12.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity"

13.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.

14.Look!

Someone__________(dance).

 

三、按要求改写以下句子,一空一词。

1.TeagrowsinSouthChina.〔改为被动语态〕

___________________________________________.

2.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)

 AnEnglishsong______ ______ _______bythechildren.

3.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)

 It______ ________ ________byyounow.

4.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)

 Metal________ _________ _______makingmachines.

5.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)

 I______ ________ ________ ______thatforhim.

6.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)

 Thelightgreendresses________ _________ ___________out.

7.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan〞.(改为被动语态)

Thegame_______ ________“Lianliankan〞byus.

四.把以下句子改为被动语态

1.Parentstakecareoftheirkids.

_____________________________________________________________________

2.Peopleplanttreeseveryday.

_____________________________________________________________________

3.Heatebreadyesterday.

_____________________________________________________________________

4.Chinamakesmanywatches.

_____________________________________________________________________

5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.

_____________________________________________________________________

6.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.

_____________________________________________________________________

6.Hedoesn’tthrowthebadfood.

_____________________________________________________________________

8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.

_____________________________________________________________________

9.TheywillnottakehimtoBeijing.

_____________________________________________________________________

10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.

_____________________________________________________________________

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