山西省临汾市届高三上学期第二次月考试题英语.docx

山西省临汾市届高三上学期第二次月考试题英语.docx

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山西省临汾市届高三上学期第二次月考试题英语

一、阅读理解（共20题，每个3分）

A

PhillipIslandPenguins（企鹅）

TheLittlePenguinhascalledPhillipIslandhomeforuntoldgenerations.GettoPhillipIslandinplentyoftimetowatchssummersunsetatSummerlandBeach–thestageisattractivelysettoseethelittlePenguinleavewaterandstepontoland.

·LeaveMelbourneat5:

30pmforadirectjourneytoPhillipIsland.

·SeetheGippslandarea–GuinnessBookofRecordsplacefortheworld’slongestearthworm（蚯蚓）

·JourneyalongthecoastalhighwayaroundtheBaywithFrenchIslandandChurchillIslandinthedistance

·CrossthebridgeatSanRemotoenterPhillipIsland–naturalhomeforLittlePenguinsandmanyanimals

·Takeyourplaceinspecialviewingstands（看台）towatchthedailyeveningperformanceofthewildLittlePenguins

UltimatePenguins（+U）

Joinagroupofupto15.Thisguidedtourgoestoanattractive,quietbeachtoseeLittlePenguins.Youcanseepenguinsatnightbywearingaspecialpairofglasses.

Adult（成人）$60.00Child$30.00

ViewingPlatformPenguinPlus（+V）

Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.

Adult$25.00Child$12.50

PenguinSkybox（+S）

Joinagroupofonly5inthecomfortofaspecial,higher-upviewingtower.GainanexcellentoverviewofSummerlandBeach.

Adult16yrs+$50.00

1.Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?

A.Scientists.B.StudentsC.Tourists.D.Artists.

2.WecanlearnfromthetextthatLittlePenguins__________.

A.havebeenonPhillipIslandforyearsB.keepaGuinnessrecordfortheirsize

C.aretrainedtopracticedivingforvisitorsD.liveinlargegroupstoprotectthemselves

3.Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?

A.$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$180.00.D.$150.00.

B

Morethan10yearsago,itwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapple（菠萝）.ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideand,moreoftenthannot,hardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1966,theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.

Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.Innotime,theDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystorm,rapidlybecomingtheworld’sbest-sellingpineapplevariety,anddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouth,upuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapple.

Innutrition（营养）itwasallgoodnewstoo.ThisnicetastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminC（维生素C）thantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitamins,butalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.

Seeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineapple,DelMontetriedtokeepmarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelp,butfailed.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte’sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutthemarket.

4.Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeofpineappleis__________.

A.greenoutsideandsweetinsideB.good-lookingoutsideandsoftinside

C.yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinsideD.alittlesoftoutsideandsweetinside

5.Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?

A.Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.B.Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.

C.ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.D.Itwasusedasmedicine.

6.Theunderlinedword“fixture”inParagraph3probablyreferstosomething_________.

A.thatpeopleenjoyeatingB.thatisalwayspresent

C.thatisdifficulttogetD.thatpeopleuseasagift

7.WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte_________.

A.slowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapples

B.succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitself

C.triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarket

D.plannedtohelptheothercompanies

C

EdwardWilsonisAmerica’s,ifnottheworld’s,leadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLife,hetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources（资源）.Howaretheyused?

Whathasbeenlost?

Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?

Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity（生物多样性）ofourearth.

Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment（环境）protection,HenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday’sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau’sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclear:

manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Cantheearth,withhumanhelp,bemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?

Biodiversity,Wilsonargues,isthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.Amerehundredspecies（物种）arethebasisofourfoodsupply,ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof,whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.

Attheendofthebook,Wilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearth,youmaywellreadandactontheideasinthisbook.

8.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout______

A.theenvironmentforplantsB.thebiodiversityofourearth

C.thewastesofnaturalresourcesD.theimportanceofhumanvalues

9.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?

A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.OnehundredD.Tenthousand.

10.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto_______.

A.learnhowtofarmscientificallyB.buildhomesforsomedyingspecies

C.makeitclearwhattoeatD.usemorespeciesforfood

11.Wecaninferthatthetextis_______

A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreport

C.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist.

D

Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted（预测）inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.

Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.

Increasedcarbondioxide（CO2）intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.

“Predictingspecies’reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology,”saidtheresearchesofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.

Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1,634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimatedthespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafing（长出叶子）by4times.

“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance—forbothleafingandflowering—thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases,”thestudysaid.

Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.

PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis（光合作用）toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.

Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.

Sofar,effortstocutemissions（排放）ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond（超出）2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.

12.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?

A.Plants’reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.

B.Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists’expectation.

C.Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.

D.Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.

13.WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat_________.

A.plants’floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafing

B.thereare1,634plantspeciesonthefourcontinents

C.scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperiments

D.theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange

14.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause__________.

A.theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearly

B.theyareveryimportantinthefoodchains

C.theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarming

D.theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?

A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.

B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.

C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.

D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.

第二节（共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Modernlifeismakinguslonelier,andrecentresearchindicatesthatthismaybethenextbiggestpu