高英paraphrase.docx

高英paraphrase.docx

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高英paraphrase

LESSON1

1.Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.

ØConversationhelpstopromoteanagreeable,pleasantandinformalrelationshipamongpeople.

2.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.

ØAndconversationisanactivitywhichisfoundonlyamonghumanbeings.Animalsandbirdsarenotcapableofconversation.

3.Theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.

ØTheydon’tenjoyanyactivitywhichmightrightlybecalledconversation.

4.…itdoesnotreallystartfromanywhereandnoonehasanyideawhereitwillgo…

ØAnythingcanstartaconversation.Itdoesnotneedaspecialtopictostartaconversation.Andoncestarted,nooneknowshoworwhereitwillend.

5.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.

ØConversationisnotforpersuadingotherstoacceptourideaorpointofview.

6.Infact,thebestconservationistsarethosewhoarepreparedtolose.

ØInfact,apersonreallyenjoysandisgoodatconversationwillnotarguetowin/forceotherstoaccepthispointofview.

7.Theyarereadytoletitgo.

ØTheyarereadytogiveuptheopportunitytotelloneoftheirbestanecdotes（becausetheconversationhasmovedontoothersubjects）

8.EvenifourmenuswerenotwritteninFrenchoutofsnobbery,theEnglishweusedinthemwouldstillbeNormanEnglish.

ØButeveniftheywrotetheirmenusinEnglish,theywouldhavetousemanywords,suchaspork,beef,veal,poultryetc.derivedfromFrenchandwhichwerefirstintroducedintoEnglandbytheNormanrulers.

9.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.

ØThenewrulingclassbyusingFrenchastheofficiallanguageinsteadofEnglishmadeithardfortheEnglishpeasantstoabsorbthecultureoftherulers.

10.TheremusthavebeenagreatdealofculturalhumiliationfeltbytheEnglishwhentheyrevoltedunderSaxonleaderslikeHerewardtheWake.

ØTheEnglishmusthavefeltgreatlyhumiliatedwhentheywereforcedtolistentoanduseaforeignlanguageandtoacceptaforeignlanguage.Sotheytookuparmsagainstthisculturalhumiliation.TheleaderisHerewardtheWake.

11.AndhereinAmericanow,900yearslater,wearestillheirstoit.

ØAnd900yearslater,theEnglishwespeakandwriteinAmericatodayalsoshowstheFrenchinfluenceofthattime.WehaveinheritedthisFrenchinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.

ØInAmericatodaywearefacingthesameproblemthatexistedinEngland900yearsago.Theproblemofhavingtwolanguagesexistingsidebyside.（EnglishandSpanish）

12.…herewillbeanoldabusingofGod'spatienceandtheKing'sEnglish.

ØTherewillbeagreattryingofone'spatienceandplentifulmisuseoftheKing'sEnglish.

ØNomatterhowpatientyouare,youwon'tbeabletobearhim,becausehewilleventryGod'spatience.

13.Englishhascomeintoitsown.

ØEnglishreceiveditsproperrecognition,andwasusedbythekingoncemore.

14.Elizabethansblewonitasonadandelionclock,anditsseedsmultiplied,andfloatedtotheendsoftheearth.

ØEnglishwasspreadfarandwidebythosefamouswriters.

15.“TheKing'sEnglish”wasnolongeraformofwhatwouldnowberegardedasracialdiscriminating.

ØTheuseofEnglishwasnolongerrestrictedtoacertainraceorclass.NowEnglishisusedbothbytheKingandcommonpeopleinEngland.

16."Englishasitshouldbespoke“

ØThedeliberatepoorgrammarusedherereflectsthedesirebysomemembersofthelowerclassestostripthelanguageofanypretense,tokeepitfrombeingusedinsnobbishway.

17.TheKing’sEnglishisamodel—arichandinstructiveone–butitoughtnottobeanultimatum.

ØTheKing'sEnglishsetsupanexcellentstandardforustoimitateforwecangainalotofusefulknowledgeorinformationbystudyingit,butpeopleshouldnotbeforcedtoacceptit.

18.TheKing’sEnglishslipsandslidesinconversation.

ØTheEnglishoneusesisnolongerabsolutelycorrect.

19.“thesinistercorridorofourage”

ØInourage,peoplearetravelingalongasinisterroaddoingallkindsofevilthings.

20.Thedifferencebetweenhercookandthesupremechef,Brinvilliers,layintheirintentions.

ØThesaucespreparedbyMme.Deffand'scookandsupremechef,Brinvilliers,wereequallyterrible.Theonlydifferencebetweenthetwocookslayperhapsintheirdifferentpurpose/intentioninpreparingthesauces.

21.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives.

ØPeoplewhomeeteachotherforadrinkinthebarofapubarenotclosefriendsfortheyarenotdeeplyabsorbedineachother’sprivatelives.

22.…itcouldgoignorantlyon.

ØTheconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong.

23.Theyarecattleinthefields,butwesatdowntobeef（boeuf）.

ØTheseanimalsarecalledcattlewhentheyarealiveandfeedinthefields,butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wecalltheirmeatbeef（boeuf）.

24.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybethelowerclasses.

ØThephrase,theKing’sEnglish,hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses.（Theworkingpeopleoftenmocktheproperandformallanguageoftheeducatedpeople.）

25.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.

ØAstheearlySaxonpeasants,theworkingpeoplestillhaveaspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass.

26.Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,that“wordswillhardenintothingsforus.”

ØThereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,thatwemightforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingstheyaresupposedtorepresent.

LESSON3

27.Weobservetodaynotavictorypartybutacelebrationoffreedom,symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning,signifyingrenewalaswellaschange.

Øend--theendofEisenhower'spresidentialterm;

beginning--thebeginningofKennedy’spresidentialterm;

renewal----thecontinuationofpresidencyandofficeofpresident;

change--thechangefromEisenhowertoKennedy.

28.Theworldisverydifferent.

ØTheworldisdifferentinthewayofscienceandtechnology.Peoplehavemodernandadvancedscienceandtechnology.

29.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheworld.

ØOurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartomaintainthatallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadgiventhemcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.Buttodaythisissuehasnotyetbeensettledinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.

30.Thismuchwepledge—andmore.

ØThismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.

31.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofco-operativeventures.

ØUnitedandworkingtogether,wecanaccomplishalotofthingsinagreatnumberofjointundertakings.

32.Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.

ØIfwearequarrelingandsplitapart,wecanaccomplishnothingandcannotcompetewiththestrong,powerfulenemyinfrontofus.

33.Thosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofatigerendedupinside.

ØThosecountrieswhichfoolishlyseektheaidofsocialistcountrieswillendupbylosingtheirindependenceasmanyothercountriesdidinthepast.

34.Wepledgeourbestefforttohelpthemhelpthemselves.

ØWepledgetohelpthemonconditionthattheydotheirbestanddowhatweaskthemtodo.

35.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.

ØWewillnotallowanyenemycountrytosubvertthispeacefulrevolutionwhichbringshopeofprogresstoallourcountries.

36.Wedarenottemptthemwithweakness.

ØWedarenotbeweakbecauseitmighttempttheenemytotakerashactions.（Wemustbeverystrong.Ifweareweak,theywouldattackus.）

37.…bothsidesoverburdenedbythecostofmodernweapons,bothrightlyalarmedbythesteadyspreadofdeadlyatom,yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaythehandsofmankind’sfinalwar.

ØBothsidesarefeelingthegreatfinancialburdenofthearmsrace.Botharemadeconsciousofthegradualspreadoftheterribleatombombs.Bothsidesaretryingtochangethisuncertainbalanceofthisterriblemilitarypowerwhichrestrains/preventseachgroupfromlaunchingtheThirdWorldWar.

38.…sincerityisalwayssubjecttoproof.

ØOne'ssinceritymustbeprovedbyfacts.Peoplemaysayorpromiseallkindsofthingsbuttheymustbeprovedbydeeds.

39.“rejoicinginhope,patientintribulation”

Øtobehappywhenthingslookbrightandhopeful;tobepatientindistress/introuble.

40.…askofusherethesamehighstandardsofstrengthandsacrificewhichweaskofyou.

ØWedemandyoutoshowhighstandardsofstrengthandsacrificeandwealsowantyoutodemandustoshowthesamehighstandardsofstrengthandsacrifice.

41.“withagoodconscience...”

ØOurreliablerewardisonlyagoodconscience.

42.“withhistorythefinaljudge....”

ØHistorywillfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskwellornot.

43.“askinghisblessingandHishelp,butknowingthathereonearthGod’sworkmusttrulybe...."

ØWithGod'sblessingandhelp,letusstartleadingthecountrywelove,knowingthatonearthwhatwearedoingisGod'swork（whichisjust）.

44......ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace...

ØTheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.

45.....toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun.

ØWepledgetohelptheUnitedNationsenlargetheareainwhich