语法术语英汉对照表.docx
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语法术语英汉对照表
语法术语英汉对照表（总汇）
■A■
abstractnoun抽象名词
activevoice主动态
adjective形容词
adjunct修饰性状语，结合性附加语
adverb副词
adverbial状语
adverbialclauseofcondition条件状语分句
adverbialclauseofpurpose目的状语分句
adverbialclauseofcause缘故状语分句
adverbialclauseofresult结果状语分句
affix词缀
agreement／concord一致关系
alternativequestion选择疑问句
anaphoricreference后照顾
antecedent先行项
aspect体
assertiveword确信词
auxiliaryverb／auxiliary助动词
■B■
basicclausepattern大体句型
be-passivebe-型被动态
be-subjunctivebe-型虚拟式
boundmorpheme粘附词素
broadreference广漠照顾
■C■
cardinalnumeral基数词
cataphoricreference前照顾
centraldeterminer中位限定词
classifier类别词
clausalellipsis分句性省略
clausalsubstitution分句性替代
clause分句，从句
cleftsentence割裂句
climax层进法
closed-classword封锁性词类
collectivenoun集体名词
command祈使句
commongender通性
commonnoun一般名词
complement补语
complexclause复杂分句
complexobject复杂宾语
complexsentence复杂句
compoundcomplexsentence并列复杂句
compoundsentence并列句
compoundword复合词
coherence连贯性
cohesion粘着性
conditional条件句
conjunct连接性状语，连接性附加语
conjunction连词
contentword实义词
contextualmeaning上下文意义
coordination并列
coreference共指关系
coreferencepro-form指代词
countablenoun可数名词
countnoun计数名词
■D■
danglingmodifier无依着修饰语
deepstructure深层结构
definitearticle定冠词
definitespecificreference确信特指
demonstrativedeterminer指示限定词
demonstrativepronoun指示代词
demonstrativereference指示照顾
dependentclause附属分句
derivative派生词
descriptivegrammar描述语法
determiner限定词
directobject直接宾语
directspeech直接引语
discourse篇章，语篇
disjunct评注性状语，分离性附加语
doublenegation双重否定
downtoner弱化词
dynamicverb动态动词
■E■
earliertime先时性
-edparticipleclause-ed分词分句
ellipsis省略
emphasizer强化词
endfocus句尾核心
endweight句尾重心
exclamation感叹句
existentialsentence存在句
explanatoryconditional讲解性条件句
externalnegation外部否定
■F■
fall降调
fall-rise降升调
femininegender阴性
finiteclause限定分句
finiteverb限定动词
finiteverbphrase限定动词词组
firstperson第一人称
focalelement核心成份
form形
freemorpheme自由词素
fronting前置
fullsentence完全句
functionalword功能词
futureinthepast过去以后时刻
■G■
gender性
generalquestion一样疑问句
genericreference类指
genitivecase属格
get-passiveget-型被动态
giveninformation已知信息
grammar语法
grammaticalconnector语法纽带
grammaticalmeaning语法意义
■H■
headword中心词
hierarchicalstructure层次结构
hypotheticalmeaning假设意义
hypotheticalpasttime假设性过去时刻
hypotheticalpresenttime假设性此刻时刻
■I■
imaginarypresenttime想象性此刻时刻
implicationalconditional引申性条件句
impliedconditional含蓄条件句
indefinitearticle不定冠词
indefinitepersonalpronoun不定人称代词
indefinitepronoun不定代词
indefinitespecificreference非确信特指
independentclause独立分句
indirectobject间接宾语
indirectspeech间接引语
individualnoun个体名词
infinitiveclause不定式分句
inflection屈折转变
informationfocus信息中心
-ingparticipleclause-ing分词分句
interjection感叹词
internalnegation内部否定
interrogativepronoun疑问代词
intransitiveverb不及物动词
inversion倒装
■K■
kernelsentence核心句
■L■
latertime后时性
lexicalconnector辞汇纽带
lexicalmeaning辞汇意义
linearstructure线性结构
linkingverb连系动词
logicalconnector逻辑纽带
logicalnecessity逻辑必然
low-rise低升调
■M■
mainclause主句
mainverb主动词
marginalmodalauxiliary边际情态助动词
masculinegender阳性
massnoun不可数名词
materialnoun物质名词
meaning义
minorsentence不完全句
modalauxiliary情态助动词
modification修饰
morpheme词素
morphemeword单词素词
multi-wordverb多词动词
■N■
negativeword否定词
neutergender中性
newinformation新信息
nominalellipsis名词性省略
nominalsubstitution名词性替代
non-assertiveword非确信词
non-finiteclause非限定分句
non-finiteverbphrase非限定动词词组
non-restrictivemodifier非限制性修饰语
noun名词
noungenitive名词属格
nounmodifier名词修饰语
nounphrase名词词组
nucleus调心
nucleurpattern调心型
■O■
object宾语
objectcomplement宾语补语
objectivecase宾格
obligation义务
of-genitiveof-属格
one-membersentence单成份句
open-classword开放性词类
operator操作词
ordinalnumeral序数词
■P■
paragraph段落
parallelconstruction平行结构
passivevoice被动态
pastperfective过去完成体
pastperfectiveprogressive过去完成进行体
pastprogressive过去进行体
pasttense过去时
perfectiveaspect完成体
permission许可
personalpronoun人称代词
personalreference人称照顾
phonology语音（语音学、音位学）
phrasal-prepositionalverb词组介词动词
phrasalverb词组动词
phrase词组
possessivedeterminer物主限定词
possessivepronoun物主代词
possibility可能
postdeterminer后位限定词
postmodifier后置修饰语
postponement后置
predeterminer前位限定词
predicate谓语
predicateverb谓语动词
predictability预测
prefix前缀
premodifier前置修饰语
preposition介词
prepositionalverb介词动词
prescriptivegrammar规定语法
present-futuretime与此刻时刻有联系的以后时刻
presentperfective此刻完成体
presentperfectiveprogressive此刻完成进行体
presentprogressive此刻进行体
presenttense此刻时
primaryauxiliary大体助动词
primaryderivative原始派生词
pro-form替代词
progressiveaspect进行体
pronoun代词
pronounreference代词照顾
propernoun专出名词
pseudo-cleftsentence“拟似”割裂句
purefuturetime单纯以后时刻
■Q■
question疑问句
■R■
realconditional真实条件句
realpasttime真实性过去时刻
realpresenttime真实性此刻时刻
reference照顾关系
reflexivepronoun反身代词
relativeadverb关系副词
relativeclause关系分句
relativedeterminer关系限定词
relativepronoun关系代词
restrictivemodifier限制性修饰语
rhetoric修辞
rhetoricalquestion修辞疑问句
■S■
sametime同时性
secondperson第二人称
semantics语义（语义学）
semi-auxiliary半助动词
semi-negativeword半否定词
sentence句子
sentencegroup语段，句群
sentencemodifier句子修饰语
simpleclause简单分句
simplepast一样过去时
simplepresent一样此刻时
simplesentence简单句
situationalmeaning情景意义
sound音
specialquestion特殊疑问句
specificreference特指
splitinfinitive割裂不定式
squintingmodifier偏斜修饰语statement陈述句
stativeverb静态动词
structuralmeaning结构意义
structuralword结构词
styledisjunct方式评注性状语
subject主语
subjectcomplement主语补语
subjectivecase主格
subordinateclause从句
subordination从属
substitution替代
substitutionpro-form替代词
suffix后缀
surfacestructure表层结构
■T■
tagquestion附加疑问句
tense时
tensesystem时制
thirdperson第三人称
time时刻
toneunit语调组
trailingsentence拖沓句
transferredepithet转移修饰语
transitiveverb及物动词
■U■
uncountablenoun不可数名词
uniquereference独指
unity统一性
unrealconditional非真实条件句
■V■
verb动词
verbphrase动词词组
verbalellipsis动词性省略
verbalsubstitution动词性替代
verblessclause无动词分句
volition意志
■W■
were-subjunctivewere-型虚拟式
wh-questionwh-问句
whenever-typeconditionalwhenever-型条件句
word词
■Y■
yes-noquestion是非问句
■Z■
zeroarticle零冠词
词法morphology
句法syntax
句子sentence
从句clause
词组phrase
词类partofspeech
实词notionalword
虚词structuralword
单纯词simpleword
派生词derivative
复合词compound
词性partofspeech
名词noun
专出名词propernoun
一般名词commonnoun
可数名词countablenoun
不可数名词uncountablenoun
抽象名词abstractnoun
具体名词concretenoun
物质名词materialnoun
集体名词collectivenoun
个体名词individualnoun
介词preposition
连词conjunction
动词verb
主动词mainverb
及物动词transitiveverb
不及物动词intransitiveverb
系动词linkverb
助动词auxiliaryverb
情态动词modalverb
规那么动词regularverb
不规那么动词irregularverb
短语动词phrasalverb
限定动词finiteverb
非限定动词infiniteverb
使役动词causativeverb
感官动词verbofsenses
动态动词eventverb
静态动词stateverb
感叹词exclamation
形容词adjective
原级positive
比较级comparative
最高级superalative
副词adverb
方式副词adverbofmanner
程度副词adverbofdegree
时刻副词adverboftime
地址副词adverbofplace
修饰性副词adjunct
连接性副词conjunct
疑问副词interrogativeadverb
关系副词relativeadverb
代词pronoun
人称代词personalpronoun
物主代词possessivepronoun
反身代词reflexivepronoun
彼此代词reciprocalpronoun
指示代词demonstrativepronoun
疑问代词interrogativepronoun
关系代词relativepronoun
不定代词indefinitepronoun
物主代词possessivepronoun
名词性物主代词nominalpossessivepronoun
形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossessivepronoun
冠词article
定冠词definitearticle
不定冠词indefinitearticle
数词numeral
基数词cardinalnumeral
序数词ordinalnumeral
分数词fractionalnumeral
形式form
单数形式singularform
复数形式pluralform
限定动词finiteverbform
非限定动词non-finiteverbform
原形baseform
英语经常使用语法术语230条
句子sentence
从句clause
词组phrase
词类partofspeech
单词word
实词notionalword
虚词structuralword
单纯词simpleword
派生词derivative
复合词compound
词性partofspeech
名词noun
专出名词propernoun
一般名词commonnoun
可数名词countablenoun
不可数名词uncountablenoun
抽象名词abstractnoun
具体名词concretenoun
物质名词materialnoun
集体名词collectivenoun
个体名词individualnoun
介词preposition
连词conjunction
动词verb
主动词mainverb
及物动词transitiveverb
不及物动词intransitiveverb
系动词linkverb
助动词auxiliaryverb
情态动词modalverb
规那么动词regularverb
不规那么动词irregularverb
短语动词phrasalverb
限定动词finiteverb
非限定动词infiniteverb
使役动词causativeverb
感官动词verbofsenses
动态动词eventverb
静态动词stateverb
感叹词exclamation
形容词adjective
副词adverb
方式副词adverbofmanner
程度副词adverbofdegree
时刻副词adverboftime
地址副词adverbofplace
修饰性副词adjunct
连接性副词conjunct
疑问副词interrogativeadverb
关系副词relativeadverb
代词pronoun
人称代词personalpronoun
物主代词possessivepronoun
反身代词reflexivepronoun
彼此代词reciprocalpronoun
指示代词demonstrativepronoun
疑问代词interrogativepronoun
关系代词relativepronoun
不定代词indefinitepronoun
物主代词possessivepronoun
名词性物主代词nominalpossessivepronoun
形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossessivepronoun
冠词article
定冠词definitearticle
不定冠词indefinitearticle
数词numeral
基数词cardinalnumeral
序数词ordinalnumeral
分数词fractionalnumeral
形式form
单数形式singularform
复数形式pluralform
限定动词finiteverbform
非限定动词non-finiteverbform
原形baseform
从句clause
从属句subordinateclause
并列句coordinateclause
名词从句nominalclause
定语从句attributiveclause
状语从句adverbialclause
宾语从句objectclause
主语从句subjectclause
同位语从句appositiveclause
时刻状语从句adverbialclauseoftime
地址状语从句adverbialclauseofplace
方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner
妥协状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession
缘故状语从句adverbialclauseofcause
结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult
目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose
条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition
真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition
非真实条件状语从句
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