语言学语言学教程 测试题及答案.docx
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语言学语言学教程测试题及答案
1.判断题:
Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.
正确错误参考答案:
错误
2.单选题:
__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.
A.Linguistictheory
B.Practicallinguistics
C.Comparativelinguistics
D.Appliedlinguistics
参考答案:
D
3.单选题:
Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman__________
A.contact
B.communication
C.relation
D.community
参考答案:
B
4.判断题:
Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
5.填空题:
Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts._____referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.
参考答案:
langue
6.判断题:
TheconventionalnatureoflanguageisillustratedbyafamousquotationfromShakespear’splayRomeoandJuliet:
“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet”.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
7.填空题:
LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s_______
参考答案:
competence
8.判断题:
Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
9.填空题:
Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa_______study.
参考答案:
diachronic
10.填空题:
Linguisticsisthe______studyoflanguage.
参考答案:
scientific
11.填空题:
Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof_______overwriting.参考答案:
speech
12.填空题:
Modernlinguisticsis_______inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.
参考答案:
descriptive
13.单选题:
Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?
A.tree
B.typewriter
C.crash
D.bang
参考答案:
A
14.判断题:
F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
15.单选题:
__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.
A.Performance
B.Competence
C.Langue
D.Parole
参考答案:
A
16.判断题:
Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
17.单选题:
Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?
A.Transferability
B.Duality
C.Displacement
D.Arbitrariness
参考答案:
C
【quiz2phonology】
测试总分:
18分
【jenny1027】的测试概况:
（得分:
18分）
1.填空题:
Inphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/-/v/.Thisisanexampleforillustrating_______
参考答案:
minimalpairs
2.填空题:
Speechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsofsound.Thesemovementshaveaneffectonthecoming______fromthelungs.
参考答案:
airstream
3.判断题:
Accordingtothelengthortensenessofthepronunciation,vowelscanbedividedintolongvs.shortortensevs.lax.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
4.判断题:
InEnglish,allthebackvowelsarerounded.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
5.填空题:
InEnglishthereareanumberof_________,whichareproducedbymovingfromone
vowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions.
参考答案:
diphthongs
6.填空题:
Accordingtothefeatureofvoicing,consonantsoundscanbeeither____or____,whileallvowelsoundsare____.
参考答案:
voicedvoicelessvoiced
7.单选题:
Pitchvariationisknownas__________whenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.
A.intonation
B.tone
C.pronunciation
D.voice
参考答案:
A
8.单选题:
Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?
A.[n]
B.[m]
C.[b]
D.[p]
参考答案:
A
9.判断题:
InEnglish,allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsareunrounded.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
10.单选题:
Whichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds?
A.Acousticphonetics
B.Articulatoryphonetics
C.Auditoryphonetics
D.Noneoftheabove
参考答案:
B
11.单选题:
Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?
A.Voiceless
B.Voiced
C.Glottalstop
D.Consonant
参考答案:
B
12.填空题:
Consonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithout______.
参考答案:
obstruction
13.判断题:
Suprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesegment-phoneme,suchassyllable,wordandsentence.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
14.判断题:
[p]isavoicedbilabialstop.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
15.判断题:
Acousticphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeechsounds.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
16.单选题:
Whichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels?
A.[i:
]
B.[u]
C.[e]
D.[i]
参考答案:
B
【quiz3Morphology】
1.填空题:
Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:
______and______.
参考答案:
derivationalmorphemesinflectionalmorphemes
2.填空题:
______isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening.
参考答案:
Back-formation
3.单选题:
Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare:
prefix,suffixand__________.
A.derivationalaffix
B.inflectionalaffix
C.infix
D.back-formation
参考答案:
C
4.单选题:
Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas__________.
A.contentwords
B.grammaticalwords
C.functionwords
D.formwords
参考答案:
A
5.填空题:
______isextremelyproductive,becauseEnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendoftheMiddleEnglishperiod,whichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns,verbsoradjectives,andviceversa.
参考答案:
Conversion
6.单选题:
__________isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.
A.affixation
B.back-formation
C.insertion
D.addition
参考答案:
B
7.填空题:
Asmallsetofconjunctions,prepositionsandpronounsbelongto______class,whilethelargestpartofnouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsbelongto______class.
参考答案:
closedopen
8.单选题:
Thewordslikesmogandmotelareformedby__________.
A.blending
B.clipping
C.back-formation
D.acronymy
参考答案:
A
9.单选题:
InEnglish–iseand–tionarecalled__________.
A.prefixes
B.suffixes
C.infixes
D.stems
参考答案:
B
10.填空题:
Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda______,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalleda______.
参考答案:
derivativecompound
11.单选题:
ThewordDINKisformedinthewayof__________.
A.acronymy
B.clipping
C.compounding
D.blending
参考答案:
A
12.单选题:
Thereare__________morphemesintheworddenationalization.
A.three
B.four
C.five
D.six
参考答案:
C
13.单选题:
Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled__________morpheme.
A.inflectional
B.free
C.bound
D.derivational
参考答案:
A
【quiz4-syntax】
1.填空题:
Wordswhichintroducethesentencecomplementaretermed______
参考答案:
complementizers
2.判断题:
Minorlexicalcategoriesareopenbecausethesecategoriesarenotfixedandnewmembersareallowedfor.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
3.填空题:
______is"asyntacticunitthatfunctionsaspartofalargerunitwithinasentence"
参考答案:
Constituent
4.填空题:
Therearetwolevelsofsyntacticstructures.Thefirst,formedbytheXPruleinaccordancewiththehead’ssub-categorizationproperties,iscalled______.Thesecond,correspondingtothefinalsyntacticformofthesentencewhichresultsfromappropriatetransformations,iscalled______.
参考答案:
deepstructuresurfacestructure
5.填空题:
Inflistheshortformof______,anabstractcategorywhichindicates______and______.
参考答案:
inflectiontenseagreement
6.填空题:
Majorlexicalcategoriesplayaveryimportantroleinsentenceformation.Theydifferfromminorlexicalcategoriesinthattheyareoften______assumedtobethearoundwhichphrasesarebuilt.
参考答案:
heads
7.判断题:
InEnglishsyntacticanalysis,fourphrasalcategoriesarecommonlyrecognizedanddiscussed,namely,nounphrase,verbphrase,infinitivephrase,andauxiliaryphrase.
正确错误
参考答案:
错误
8.判断题:
Anounphrasemustcontainanoun,butotherelementsareoptional.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
9.填空题:
______istheinversionoperationinvolvingthemovementofawordfromtheheadpositioninonephraseintotheheadpositioninanotherphrase.
参考答案:
headmovement
10.填空题:
Sentencehead----______positioncanbetakenbyan______oranabstractcategoryencodedinaverbwhichindicatesthesentence’s______.
参考答案:
Inflauxiliarytense
11.填空题:
Syntaxis______thatstudieshowwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesandthe______theformationofsentences.
参考答案:
abranchoflinguisticsrulesthatgovern
12.判断题:
Constituentsthatcanbesubstitutedforoneanotherwithoutlossofgrammaticalitybelongtothesamesyntacticcategory.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
13.判断题:
Inacomplexsentence,thetwoclausesholdunequalstatus,onesubordinatingtheother.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
14.判断题:
Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber,butthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.
正确错误
参考答案:
正确
15.填空题:
theXPrule（revised）:
XP-->______+______+______
参考答案:
（Specifier）X（Complement*）
16.填空题:
Wh-movement:
Moveawh-phrasetothepositionunderCP.
参考答案:
specifier
【quiz5semantics】
1.填空题:
_______oppositesmaybeseenintermsofdegreesofthequalityinvolved.
参考答案:
Gradable
2.单选题:
Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“man”canbeexpressedas________.
A.+human,+male,-adult
B.+human,-male,-adult
C.+human,+male,+adult
D.+human,-male,+adult
参考答案:
C
3.填空题:
_______analysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.
参考答案:
componential
4.单选题:
Awordwithseveralmeaningiscalled___________.
A.anabnormalword
B.apolysemicword
C.asynonymousword
D.Noneoftheabove
参考答案:
B
5.单选题:
Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“flower/tulip”?
A.Polysem
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