人教版选择性必修第一册Unit1单元过关演练.docx
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人教版选择性必修第一册Unit1单元过关演练
2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册Uni1单元过关演练
本套试卷总分120分。
考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
WhygotoMadrid
Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain’shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.
AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain’sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.
Laterthissummer,the400thanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文艺复兴)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.
Howtogo?
ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJet—fromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.
Barajasairportis13kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosstationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis£4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock:
£5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof£30coversmostofcentralMadrid.
( )1.WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?
A.On23March.B.On11May.
C.On24June.D.On5October.
( )2.WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?
A.EasyJet.B.Ryanair.
C.AirEuropa.D.BritishAirways.
( )3.WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromBarajasairport?
A.Takingataxi.B.Takingacitybus.
C.TakingMetroline8.D.Takingtheairportexpressbus.
B
BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromthecamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.
Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.
Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin’scousins,MrPennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintsandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintsandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.
Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.
( )4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.
B.Williams’influenceonBenjamin.
C.ThebeginningofBenjamin’slifeasanartist.
D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandMrPennington.
( )5.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?
A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.
B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.
C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.
D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.
( )6.WhatdidMrPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?
A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.
B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.
C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.
D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.
( )7.Williams’twobookshelpedBenjaminto .
A.mastertheuseofpaints
B.appreciatelandscapepaintings
C.gettoknowotherpainters
D.makeuphismindtobeapainter
C
TherewasgreatexcitementontheplanetofVenusthisweek.ForthefirsttimeVenusianscientistsmanagedtolandasatelliteontheplanetEarth,andithasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographs.ThesatellitewasdirectedintoanareaknownasManhattan.Becauseofexcellentweatherconditionsandextremelystrongsignals,VenusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationaboutthefeasibilityofamannedflyingsaucerlandingonEarth.ApressconferencewasheldattheVenusInstituteofTechnology.“Wehavecometotheconclusion,basedonlastweeks’satellitelanding,”Prof.Zogsaid,“thatthereisnolifeonEarth.”
“Howdoyouknowthis?
”thesciencereporteroftheVenusEveningNewsasked.“Foronething,Earth’ssurfaceintheareaofManhattaniscomposedofsolidconcreteandnothingcangrowthere.Foranother,theatmosphereisfilledwithcarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)andotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreathethisairandsurvive.”“Arethereanyothersourcesofdangerthatyouhavediscoveredinyourstudies?
”
“Takealookatthisphoto.YouseethisdarkblackcloudstayingoverthesurfaceofEarth?
Wedon’tknowwhatitismadeof,butitcouldgiveusalotoftroubleandweshallhavetomakefurthertestsbeforewesendaVenusbeingthere.”
“Overhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariver,butthesatellitefindingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.”
“Sir,whatareallthosetinyblackspotsonthephotographs?
”
“We’renotcertain.Theyseemtobemetalparticlesthatmovealongcertainpaths.Theygiveoutgases,makenoiseandkeepcrashingintoeachother.”
“Prof.Zog,whyarewespendingbillionsandbillionsofzilchestolandaflyingsauceronEarthwhenthereisnolifethere?
”
“BecauseifweVenusianscanlearntobreatheintheEarthatmosphere,thenwecanliveanywhere.”
( )8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasibility”inParagraph1mean?
A.Possibility.B.Flexibility.
C.Simplicity.D.Responsibility.
( )9.Whattonedidtheauthorusewhenwritingthetext?
A.Serious.B.Aggressive.
C.Humorous.D.Frustrating.
( )10.WhatproblemontheEarthdidtheauthormentionapartfromairpollution?
A.Overpopulation.B.Globalwarming.
C.Damagedforests.D.Heavytraffic.
( )11.Whydidtheauthorwritethepassage?
A.TotellusadreamofVenusianscientists.
B.Todisclosethesecretoflifeonotherplanets.
C.TopersuadepeopletotrylivingontheEarth.
D.ToremindpeopleontheEarthofsomecrises.
D
Walmartwillsoonuse360robotcleanersacrossafewhundredofitsstores.Usingmapsinputbyhumanemployees,theAI-poweredcleanerswilltravelinthestorewithnodifficulty,sweepingthefloor—justashumanemployeesusedtodo.
Perhapsthemoststrikingthingabouttheserobotworkersishownot-strikingtheyare.Sci-fimoviessuggestafuturefullofhuman-likerobotswhoappearwiththeirhorriblequalities.Nowthefutureiscomingintoview,anditlookslikeagiantlie.It’seasytoimaginewalkingpastanAuto-Conashoppingtripwithoutevennoticingitspresence.
AIhasalreadystartedtobecomeapartofoureverydaylife.InNewJerseythisweek,dozensofworkerswerehospitalizedafterarobotatanAmazonfulfilmentcentreaccidentallybrokeacanandenvelopedworkersineye-andlung-damaginggas.DaysearlierinCalifornia,anauto-pilotedTesladroveadrunk,sleepingdriverdownahighway,whichnodoubtdidsomepotentialrisktotheotherdriversontheroad.HighwaypatrolofficersfiguredoutonthespothowtostoptheAIcar.
Ofcourse,industrialaccidentsanddrunkdriversexistedwellbeforeAI.Toolswiththepowertoreleasetheburdenofphysicallabour—horses,steammachines,self-drivingcars—alsocomewiththepowertoinjure.AndthepresenceofAI-poweredmachinesjuststepsawayfromusis,fornow,stillararethingformostpeople.
Butthenatureofrobots’comingintoourdailyliveswillmakeithardertorecognize—orobjectto—thebiggerchangestheybringlater.Walmartinsiststhattherobotcleanersgiveemployeesmoretimeforcustomerserviceandothertasks.Criticspointoutthattheycouldjustaseasilybecomeanexcusetoreducestaffandwages.
( )12.Whatisthedifferencebetweensci-fimoviesandthereality?
A.Nowthehuman-likerobotsareeasytorecognize.
B.Nowpeopledon’tgotoseethesci-fimovies.
C.Nowthehuman-likerobotscantelllies.
D.Nowitiseasytoignoretherobots.
( )13.WhyweresomeworkersinhospitalinNewJersey?
A.Theydamagedtherobotfirst.
B.Therobotcausedanaccidentonpurpose.
C.Therobotmadeamistakebychance.
D.Therobotdrivingthemonthehighwayhadanaccident.
( )14.WhatistheattitudeoftheauthortoAI?
A.Supportive.B.Objective.
C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.
( )15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Artificialintelligenceisbringinggreateffecttoourdailylife.
B.Walmartwillsoonuse360robotcleanersacrossitsstores.
C.Weshouldsaynotoartificialintelligence.
D.Artificialintelligenceisdangeroustoourlife.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最