英语四级长篇阅读习题及答案解析.docx

英语四级长篇阅读习题及答案解析.docx

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英语四级长篇阅读习题及答案解析

英语四级长篇阅读习题及答案解析

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长篇阅读题为英语四级考试的重要题型，阅读难度大，对考生的整体阅读能力有了更高的要求。

下面是我带来的英语四级长篇阅读习题，欢迎考生备考练习。

英语四级长篇阅读习题原文：

A...

长篇阅读题为英语四级考试的重要题型，阅读难度大，对考生的整体阅读能力有了更高的要求。

下面是我带来的英语四级长篇阅读习题，欢迎考生备考练习。

英语四级长篇阅读习题原文：

ABattleisLoomingoverRenewableEnergy,andFossilFuelInterestsareLosing

A.Instatecapitalsacrossthecountry,legislatorsaredebatingproposalstorollbackenvironmentalrules，proddedbyindustryandadvocacygroupseagertocurtail（缩减）regulationsaimedatcurbinggreenhousegases.

B.Themeasures，whichhavebeenintroducedinabout18states，lieattheheartofanefforttoexpandtothestatelevelthebattleoverfossilfuelandrenewableenergy.Thenewruleswouldtrimorabolishclimatemandates--includingthosethatrequireutilitiestousesolarandwindenergy,aswellasproposedEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyrulesthatwouldreducecarbonemissionsfrompowerplants.

C.Butthecampaign—despiteitsbackingfrompowerfulgroupssuchasAmericansforProsperity—hasrunintoasurprisingroadblock：

thegrowingpoliticalcloutofrenewable-energyinterests，eveninrock-ribbedRepublicanstatessuchasKansas.

D.Thestagehasbeensetforwhatonelobbyistcalled"trenchwarfare"asmoneyedinterestsonbothsideswrestleoversomeofthestrongestregulationsforpromotingrenewableenergy.Andtheissuesarelikelytosurfacethisfallinthemidtermelections，aswell，withCalifomiabillionaireTomSteyerpouringmoneyintovariousgubernatorial（州长的）andstateandfederallegislativeracestobackcandidateswhosupporttoughrulescurbingpollution.

E.Themulti-prongedconservativeefforttorollbackregulations，begunmorethanayearago，issupportedbyaloose，well.fundedconfederationthatincludestheU.S.ChamberofCommerce，theNationalAssociationofManufacturersandconservativeactivistgroupssuchasAmericansforProsperity,apoliticallyactivenonprofitorganizationfoundedinpartbybrothersDavidandCharlesKoch.Thesegroupsarguethatexistinggovernmentrulesviolatefree-marketprinciplesandwillultimatelydriveupcostsforconsumers.

F.Theproposedmeasuresaresimilarfromstatetostate.Insomecases，thelegislativelanguagematchesorcloselyresemblesmodelbillsandresolutionsofferedbytheAmericanLegislativeExchangeCouncil（ALEC），afree-market.orientedgroupofstatelawmakersunderwritteninpartbyExxonMobil，KochIndustries，DukeEnergyandPeabodyEnergy."Nowmorethaneveristhetimeforstatestoleadtheway,"ALECstopofficialstolditsmembersatameetinginDecember.

G.Thecoalitioncampaignshaveachieyedonlysymbolicvictoriesinafewstates.NonbindingresolutionscriticaloftheEPApowerplantproposalshavebeenapprovedinAlabama，Georgia，Nebraska，WestVirginiaandWyoming.Threeotherstates--Louisiana.MissouriandOhio—areweighinglegislationsimilartotheALECmodel.

H.Onlyoneofthe18statelegislatureshasapprovedamoresubstantivemeasurethatwouldreplacetheEPAspowerplantrules.Andeventhatbill.inKentucky,couldbackfirebygivingupachanceforthestatetodesignitsownprogramandforcingittoacceptafederalcomplianceprogram.

I."Cleanenergyisbeginningtobecomemainstream，"saidGabeEisner,executivedirectoroftheEnergyandPolicyInstitute，aclean-energythinktankinWashington."Renewableenergyispopularandhasincreasedpoliticalpowernow,"but，headded，"thatpowerisstilleclipsedbytheresourcesofthefossilfuelindustry."

Asurprisinglytoughfight

J.Kansasmightbethebestplacetoseehowthesedynamicsareunfolding.

K.Thestatewasapromisingchoiceforaforay（攻击）againstrulesknownasrenewable-energystandards.whichsetminimumlevelsofrenewable-energyusebyelectricutilities.Variationsoftheseruleshavebeenadoptedinabout30states.eventhoughCongressdidnotpassafederalversionoftherequirement.InKansas，alawpassedin2009requiresutilitiestousewindandsolarpowertogenerateatleast15percentoftheirelectricitybv2016and20percentby2020.

L.Thecoalitionseekingtherepealoftherenewablemandatehadalltheingredientsforsuccess.Financial.musclecamefromtheKansasChamberofCommerce，whichlobbiedheavilyforrepeal.Inaddition，thestateishometoKochIndustries，theKochbrothersWichita-basedenergyconglomerate（集团）.ThestaterepresentativeforWichita，RepublicanDennisHedke，hascalledthecompany"oneofthegreatestsuccessstoriesintheworld"andsaid"theyaremakingverypositivecontributions."Hedke

chairsthestateHousesEnergyandEnvironmentCommittee.

M.KochIndustries，alongwiththeutilityindustrysEdisonElectricInstituteandthenationsbiggestcoalcompany,PeabodyEnergy,havesupportedALEC.whichadvisedstatelawmakersonrepealstrategy.

N."Kochhasconsistentlyopposedallsubsidiesandmandatesacrosstheboard.especiallyasitrelatestoenergypolicy,"PhilipEllendeapresidentandchiefoperatingofficerofKochCompaniesPublicSector,saidinastatement，citingthecompanysoppositiontotherenewablefuelstandard，windproductiontaxcreditandethanol（乙醇）mandate."Governmentshouldnotmandatetheallocationoruseofnaturalresourcesandrawmaterialsintheproductionofgoods."

O.Theideologicalcasewassupportedbyconservativethinktanks.KansansforLibertysupposedrepeal.andthestatebranchofAmericansforProsperitytoldsupportersthat"greenenergymandatesreplacethefree-marketwithbureaucraticgovernmentoversight，drivingupcostsforhard—workingKansasfamilies."Thenationalgrouphasspent$300.000inthestatepushingfortherollbackofrenewablestandards.

P.ConnectionstokeyKansaspoliticiansalsowerestron9.BoththeKansasstateSenatespresident.SusanWagle，andthespeakerofthestateHouse，RayMerrick，aremembersoftheALECboardandbackedrepeal."TherepealoftheRPS[RenewablePortfolioStandards]fitsinlinewiththegoalsoftheorganization，"saidWagle，whosaidshejoinedALECinthe1990sinconnectionwithheroppositiontohealth-carereforlnledbyHillaryRodhamClinton.thenthefirstlady.

Q.MoreovertheKansaseconomyreliesheavilyonfossilfuels.ThestateiSthenations10th.1argestproducerofcrudeoilandl2th-largestofnaturalgas，accordingtothefederalEnergyInformationAdministration.In2013，coal-firedpowerplantsprovided61percentofthestateselectricity,wellabovethenationalaverage.ButthestrongwindsthatblowacrossKansashavecarriednewinterestsintothestate.Kansasrankssixthinthecountryinwindoutput，whichjumpedbyathirdlastyearandequaled19percentofthestateselectricity,theEIAsays.

R.Thegrowingnumberofwindfarmsnotonlygeneratespowerbutroyaltiesforlandowners.DorothyBarnett，executivedirectoroftheClimateandEnergyProject，saidthatKansaslandownersreceivemorethan$13millionayear."ThisissueisanissuethattouchesruralKansans，andwehavealotofruralKansaslegislators，"shesaid.

英语四级长篇阅读习题选项：

46.ResolutionswithnobindingforcewhicharepickyabouttheEPApowerplantproposalshavebeenacceptedinmanystatessuchasAlabamaandGeorgia.

47.ItishopefultogainsuccessifKansasischosenastheforayagainsttherulesofrenewable-energystandardswhichminimizetherenewable-energyusebypowerplants.

48.KochCompanysPhilipEllendercitedthecompanysoppositiontotherenewablerulestoapproveitsobjectiontoallenergy-policy-concerningsubsidiesandmandates，andadvisedthatgovernmentletgooftheallocationoruseofmaterialsusedingoodsproduction.

49.TheissueisaproblemthatconcernsthebenefitsofpeopleintheruralKansas，andwehaveagreatmanylawmakersfromruralpartsofKansas.

50.TherequirementtoabolishtheRPScomplieswiththeorganizationstargets.

51.Themethodsadoptedbythel8statesarethekerneloftheattemptstolevelupthebattlebetweenfossilfuelandrenewableenergy.

52.Thestageisestablishedfortheso-called"Wenchwarfare"，forthemonetarybenefitsofbothpartshavebeenviolatedbythemostpowerfulrulestospreadrenewableenergy.

53.Theleaguewhichrequiresabolishingtherenewablemandatehadallthefactorstoachievesuccess.

54.However,thewindsthatsweepacrossKansashavebroughtnewbenefitstothestate.

55.Theall-sidedeffortswhichrollbacktherenewableruleshavebeenbackedbyaconfederationwithabundantcapital，themembersofwhichgoagainsttheexistinggovemmentrules.

英语四级长篇阅读习题答案：

46.ResolutionswithnobindingforcewhicharepickyabouttheEPApowerplantproposalshavebeenacceptedinmanystatessuchasAlabamaandGeorgia.那些对EPA电力公司的建议很挑剔的，不具有约束力的决议得到了阿拉巴马和佐治亚等州的支持。

47.ItishopefultogainsuccessifKansasischosenastheforayagainsttherulesofrenewable-energystandardsWhichminimizetherenewable-energyusebypowerplants.如果选择堪萨斯州来攻击那些规定了电力公司可再生能源最低使用量的可再生能源准则的话，取得成功是很有希望的。

【解析】K

48.KochCompanysPhilipEllendercitedthecompanysopposetotherenewablerulestoapproveitsobjectiontoallenergy-policy-concerningsubsidiesandmandates，andadvisedthatgovernmentletgooftheallocationoruseofmaterialsusedingoodsproduction.科氏公司的菲利普埃兰多引用了该公司对可再生能源规则的反对来证明其对所有与能源政策有关的资助与授权的异议，并且提议政府应该放开在商品生产中对材料的分配及使用。

【解析】N

49.TheissueisaproblemthatconcernsthebenefitsofpeopleintheruralKansas，andwehaveagreatmanylawmakersfromthatpart.这个问题是一个关系到堪萨斯州农村地区人们利益的问题，而且我们有很多立法人员都是从该地区来的。

【解析】R

50.TherequirementtoabolishtheRPScomplieswiththeorganizationstargets.废除RPS的要求与该组织的目标一致。

【解析】P

51.Themethodsadoptedbythe18statesarethekemeloftheattemptstolevelupthebattlebetweenfossilfuelandrenewableenergy.已有18个州采纳的这些措施是努力抬高化石燃料和可再生能源之间斗争的关键。

52.Thestageisestablishedfortheso-called"genchwarfare"，forthemonetarybenef