高级商务英语口语讲义.docx

高级商务英语口语讲义.docx

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高级商务英语口语讲义

Lesson1FormalVerbalCommunicationinBusinessI

Lesson2FormalVerbalCommunicationinBusinessII

Lesson3Cross-CulturalCommunicationinBusiness

Lesson4BusinessEtiquette

Lesson5ContractEnglish

ContractLingo

Lesson6NegotiationEnglish

Lesson7BusinessReporting

Lesson8BusinessNewsReading

Lesson9InterviewEnglish

LessonOneFormalVerbalCommunicationinBusinessI正式商业交流

（1）–研讨会

PartIObjectives

✧ProceduresofSeminarsLeadingandCommonlyUsedSentenceStructures

研讨会各个程序及常用句型

✧QuestioningTechniques提问技巧

✧ALeaderandAGoodListener,AttheSameTime做好的听众，做好的领导者

✧GivingCriticism提出批评观点的技巧

PartIITheHow-Tos

LeadingSeminars/QuestioningTechniques

✧Generalproceduresofaseminar/lecture

1）Self-introduction

2）IntroductionofTopic

3）Describingsequencesandtiming

4）Highlightinginformation

5）Involvingtheaudience

6）Givinginstructions

7）Checkingunderstanding

8）Askingquestions

9）Clarifyingquestions

10）Evadingquestions

11）Invitingcomments

12）Interrupting

13）Transitions

14）Reformulations

15）Closing

✧LanguageReference

Self-introduction自我介绍

Goodmorning,I'm----andI'vebeeninvitedtogivethistalk/presentation/lecturebecause---

Ihavedoneresearchin/Ihaveaspecialinterestin/myexperienceisin

IntroductionofTopic话题介绍

Inmypresentation/talk/lecturetodayIshallbedealingwith---

Thesubjectofmy----todayis----

WhatI'dliketodotodayisintroduce/suggest/analyse/describe/explain

Mytopic/subjecttodayis---

Ishallbedealingwith2/3/4….mainareas/topics/subjectstoday

DescribingSequencesandTiming程序介绍与时间安排

FirstIwantto/spendafewminutesoutlining---/remindyouofthebackgroundto/summarisethe----/explain---/present---

NextIshall---/afterthatIwilltaketheopportunityofdescribing---/

Thenwe'lllookat---

FinallyIwantto---

HighlightingInformation重点介绍

（Rhetoricalquestions）

So,whatdoesthatmean?

/Howcanweinterpretthis?

/What'stheexplanationforthis?

/Whataretheimplicationsofthesefindings?

（Changeoffocus）

Whatthattellsusis/WhatI'msuggestingis/Whatisclearisthat

（Introducingauxiliaryverb）

Soclearlywedoneedto--/Obviouslytheydidunderstandthat---/Ofcourseyoudowantoknowwhy---

InvolvingtheAudience听者的参与

Let'shaveashowofhands,howmanyofyouagreewith----

I'msureweallknowwhatit'sliketo---

Letmeaskyouspendacoupleofsecondsthinkingabout---

Well,whatwouldyoudo,Iwonder---

Justlookaroundtheroomandtakeanoteof/howmanymenarewearingatie---/howmanypeoplearewearingjeans---/theaverageageoftheparticipants

GivingInstructions给予指示

Forthisexercise,wearegoingtoworkinpairs:

groupsof3/4/5

Makeanoteofthesewords/figures

Readtheparagraphonpage---

PleasenotethatIshallbetimingtheexerciseandyouhaveexactly7minutes

Nowcompletethequestionnaireandputyournameinthetopleft-handcorner

CheckingUnderstanding随时观察听者反映

Iseveryonewithmesofar?

Arethereanyquestionsatthisstage?

Wouldanyonelikemetorunthroughthatagain?

Ifyouhaveanyproblemswiththedetail,don'tworrybecausealltheinformationisinyourhandout

AskingQuestions询问问题

Directquestions/open-ended:

What/why/how/where/when

Closedquestions:

Doyou/didyou

Delicatequestions:

Iwaswonderingif/couldIaskyou/wouldyoumindtellingme/ifit'snotindiscreetI'dliketoknow/mightIask/mayIask

ClarifyingQuestions澄清问题

Soyouwanttoknowabout---/isitthefiguresthatworryyou/whenyousay---doyoumean---/IfI'veunderstoodthequestionyouwanttoknowabout---

EvadingQuestions回避问题

That'snotreallymyfield---/that'sabitoutsidethescopeoftoday'stopic/Ihaven'tgotthepreciseinformationwithmetoday/that'snotreallyformetosay/I'dneednoticeofthatquestiontoansweryouinfull/thisisnotreallytheplacetodiscussthatmatter/perhapsthat'saquestionforanothermeeting

InvitingComments鼓励并听取意见

Hasanyonegotanyquestionsatthispoint?

Wouldanyoneliketocommentonthat?

Doesanyonedisagreewithmylastpoint?

Cananyoneconfirmmyexperience?

IfnobodyhasanyquestionsthenI'llmoveon

 Interrupting中断

I'dliketodiscussitfurther,butIthinkit'stimetomoveon

CouldIjuststopyouthere---

IfImightjustadd----

I'msurewe'dallagree,butperhapsweshouldgetbacktothemainpoint

Transitions过渡

Ifwecouldnowturnto---/mynextpointis---/whatIwanttodonextis---/let'smoveonto---/thatcompletesmyanalysisof---/so,nowwearegoingto----

 Reformulations总结

IfImightjustgooverthatagain---/so,insummary---/justtoremindyouofthekeyfacts/themainpoints/theadvantagesof---/mymainargumentswere---

Closing结束

Thankyouforlisteningtometoday

Ihopeyouhavefoundmypresentationuseful

Thankyouforyourattention

✧QuestioningTechniques 提问技巧

Reasonsforaskingquestions:

Toobtaininformation

Tofindouttheopinionsofotherpeople

Toaskotherpeopletocontributeideas

Tofindoutthereasonsbehindevents

Toseekconfirmation

Thestatusofthequestioner

Thequestionermayhaveanofficialneedtoaskquestions-work-role,legalpower,etc.,orthequestionermayhaveanentirelypersonalcuriositytosatisfy.Iftheroleisofficial,thequestionerneedstochoosethequestioningstylewithcareinordertoproducetherequiredresults.Questioningcanbequiteathreateningactivityinsomecircumstances.Forexample,ifthequestionerwantsinformation,thenthepersonwhohasthatinformationmayfeelthats/heisbeingaskedtogiveupsomethingthatrepresentsanadvantage.Ifthequestionerismerelycuriousinasocialsetting,thentheimportantpointisthelevelofdelicacyofthequestion.Inmostcultures,verypersonaldetailssuchashowmuchmoneyweearnistooprivatetoformthesubjectofquestionsbyothers.

Choicesofquestionstyle

Closedv.open

Closedquestionspermitonly'yes'/'no'answers.Theymaythereforebemorethreateningthanopenquestionsbecausetheyleavenoroomforexpansionorexplanation.Thequestionerneedstodecideifitwouldbemoretactfultoask:

Haveyoufinishedthatreportyet?

Or

Howareyougettingonwiththatreport?

Thefirstquestionimpliesthatthereportisnowdue;thesecondmerelyasksforaprogressstatement.Theopenquestionallowstherespondenttoelaborateanddoesnothaveovertonesofauthority.

Wh-typequestions

Questionsstartingwithquestionwords:

what,when,why,who,how,areopenquestionsbuttheyarealsoverydirect.Toomanyquestionslikethishavetheflavourofaninterrogationandmaymakethepersonbeingquestionedfeeluncomfortable.Itmaybenecessarytoprefacethequestionswithphrasesthatshowthequestionerisawareoftheintrusivenessofthequestion:

MayIaskyou…

Couldyoutellme…

Wouldyoumindtellingme…

IwonderifIcouldaskyou….

Iwouldbeinterestedinknowing…

Ifit'snotindiscreet,mayIask….

Iknowit'snotreallymybusiness,but….

Facilitativestylesofaskingquestions

Iftheintentionofthequestionerisreallytoprompttheinterlocutorindisclosinginformationfreely,thenquestiontechniquesmaynotbeappropriateatall.Insteaditmightbebettertoechoandtoreformulateinordertogivetheinterlocutortheopportunitytoexpand.

Illustrativedialogue

A.Well,Iliveinaflatinaratherpoorpartoftown.

B.Poorpartoftown…?

A.Yes,it'squitedirtyandthestreetsarebadlylit.That'swhyIdon'tlikegoingoutaloneatnight.

B.Soyou'refrightenedtogooutalone?

A.Well,yesbecausewehearofattacksandmuggings.That'swhyIwanttoleave.

Inthisdialogue,speakerBdoesn'ttrytotaketheinitiative,butmerelyechoesandreformulatestopromptspeakerAtosaywhatworriesher.

PartIIILet’sTalkBusiness

LEADINGTHROUGHCHANGE:

Listeningasaleader

Often,whenwethinkofcommunication,wethinkofspeaking,presenting,writing--deliveringamessageinsomeway.Butaneffectivecommunicatorisalsoadeptatreceivingmessages.Youwon'tbudgepeopletowardagoaliftheydon'tfeelthatthey'vehadinput,thatthey'vebeenheardandunderstood,andthatthevisionthey'reworkingtowardisalsotheirownvision.Listeningtoyourfollowersistheonlywayyoucanmakethishappen.

Tobeagoodleader,HEAROUTwhatothershavetosay:

HoldjudgmentandholdeyefocusListencarefullyandwithanopenmind--ifyou'redefensiveyoumaymisscriticalinformation.Don'tformulateyouranswerwhileapersonisstillspeaking.Watchforsubtlebodylanguagethatmayofferextracluestothespeaker'struemeaning.Also,holdeyefocus.Ifyoudon't'lookatthepersonwhoisspeakingtoyou,youcan'testablishtrust.Asaleader,youwantfollowerstotrustyouandbelieveinyou.

Endallothertasks.Showrespectforpeoplebyputtingasideyourpaper,lunch,etc.,anddon'ttakephonecalls.You'llbebetterregarded,andyou'llsavetime.By"doingitrightthefirsttime,"therewon'tbemisunderstandingsoranyneedtorepeatinformation.Bereadytojobdownnotesasthepersonspeaks.

Allowthespeakertofinish.Don'tinterrupt.Don'tchangethesubject.Don'tfinishsentencesforthespeaker.Remainquietuntilyou'resurethespeakerhascompletedhisorherthoughts.

Readbetweenthelines.Asyoulistentothespeaker,listenforwhatmightbeleftunsaid.It'snotalwayseasyforapersontoapproachsomeoneinamoreseniorpositionandtellitlikeitis.Ifyouwanttogetanhonestopinionofsomeofyourideasandactions,you'llneedtoprobe.You'llalsoneedtovaluethatfeedbackandthepersonwhogaveittoyou.Neversh