如何将文化知识融入到高中英语教学解读.docx

如何将文化知识融入到高中英语教学解读.docx

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如何将文化知识融入到高中英语教学解读

Xxxxx

本科生毕业论文

论文题目：

HowtoIncorporateCulturalBackground

KnowledgeintoHighSchoolEnglish

Teaching

如何将文化背景知识融入高中英语教学

学生姓名：

系专业：

学号：

指导教师：

Acknowledgements

Firstofall,mysinceregratitudegoestoMissChenYonghong,mysupervisor,whohasalwaysencouragedmewithherpatienceandcarefulnessinthewritingofmythesis.Shemadepainstakingeffortstodesign,reviseandpolishmydrafts.

Secondly,IwanttothankforthesescholarsabroadandinChinawhoprovidemealotofreferencestoenrichmycontents.

Finally,IamgratefultomyteachersinYiliNormalUniversityfortheirhelpingduringmybasicprofessionallearningtosupportmythesis.

Abstract

Asthemaincourse,EnglishplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinhighschoolinChina.Itisimpossibletolearnlanguagewellifstudentsdonotunderstandtheculturalbackgroundknowledgethathiddeninthecontext.Inrecentyears,culturalbackgroundknowledgeinEnglishteachinghasattractedgreatattention.Thereasonisthatneglectingculturalbackgroundknowledgecancauseseriesofproblems,suchas,embarrassmentinconversation,mistakesincomprehension,confusioninlisteningandwritingproblemsetc.Therefore,theteachingofculturalbackgroundknowledgeinEnglishclassshouldoccupyanimportantplaceinhighschool.

Theauthorthinksthatteachersshouldfocusonintroducingthebackgroundknowledgetostudents,andexploringhowtomakeitintegrateintoteaching.Thusstudentscanavoidtheinterferenceofmothertongue,formahabitofEnglishthinkingandmasterthelanguagemorequickly.ThisisthebestwaytoimprovethequalityofEnglishteaching.

KeyWord:

Englishteaching;culturebackgroundknowledge;culturalteaching;

摘要

英语——作为中国学生最主要的学科，在高中英语教学中开始变得越来越重要。

如果不能掌握其文化背景知识，学生就不可能将英语学的很好。

近些年来，课堂中的文化背景知识教学吸引了越来越多人注意力。

如果在英语教学中忽略了文化背景知识传授，那么就产生了一系列的问题，例如：

与外国人交谈容易产生尴尬，对英语材料的理解错误，听力时产生的迷惑以及写作时的误解。

所以，高中英语课堂上文化背景知识的传授是非常重要的。

本文作者认为教师应注重向学生介绍文化背景知识，探索如何在外语课堂上有效地融入文化教学，从而帮助学生克服母语的干扰，养成用英语思维的习惯，更快地掌握语言，这是提高英语教学质量的最佳途径。

关键字：

英语教学，文化背景知识，文化教学，

Contents

Acknowledgementsi

Abstractii

摘要iii

1.Introduction1

1.1Presentsituation1

1.2Purpose1

2.Theoreticalbasisofculturalbackgroundknowledgeteaching2

2.1RobertLado2

2.2HuWenzhong2

3.TheunderstandingofculturalteachinginEnglishteaching3

3.1Definition3

3.2Advantages3

4.TheimportanceofculturalbackgroundknowledgeinEnglishteaching5

4.1Ontheaspectoflanguageknowledge5

4.1.1Vocabulary5

4.1.2Grammar6

4.2Ontheaspectofimprovingfourlanguageskills6

4.2.1Reading6

4.2.2Speaking7

4.2.3Listening8

4.2.4Writing9

4.3ImprovingthequalityofEnglishteaching10

5.ApproachesofincorporatingculturalbackgroundknowledgeintohighschoolEnglishteaching11

5.1Directapproach11

5.1.1Selectingappropriatematerial11

5.1.2Usingthemethodofcomparison12

5.1.3Permeatingcultureinvocabularyteaching12

5.2Incidentalapproach13

5.3Communicativeapproach13

5.3.1Creatinganauthenticclassroomenvironment13

5.3.2Roleplay14

6.Conclusion15

References16

1.Introduction

Therelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturehasbeenalastingconcernintheworldoflanguagestudy,butlittleattentionispaidtoculturalteachinginforeignlanguageeducation.Traditionalforeignlanguageteaching，whichwasinfluencedbyChomsky’slinguisticcompetence,haslongfocusedonlinguisticformssuchasphonetics，vocabulary，grammaticalstructureandsoon，withlittleattentiongiventoculturalfactorsinvolvedinthem.HoweveraccordingtoRobertLado“Languageandcultureareintertwined,thatisnotpossibletoteachalanguagewithoutculture,andthatcultureisthenecessarycontextforlanguageuse”.Soculturalteachingisverynecessaryinforeignlanguagelearning.

1.1Presentsituation

Asanimportanttoolofexternalcommunication,foreignlanguageswitnessedobviousimprovementoftheirrolesandstatus.Intoday’steachingmodels,teacherspaidmoreattentiontobasicsofaforeignlanguageratherthanitsculturalbackground,whichattachedmoreimportancetostrengthenthestudents'abilitythroughgrammaticalexercisesratherthanimprovingtheirdailyusageofalanguage.Thusthestudentsoftencannotexpressthemselvesclearlyandaccurately.Withtheintroductionofvariousteachingmaterials,theirculturalelementswereattachedmoreandmoresignificance.ContemporaryEnglishteachingisfocusingonimprovingstudents'abilityofactualusage,bybreakingthroughthetraditionalEnglishteachingmodels.

1.2Purpose

ThefinalpurposeoflearningEnglishistomakecross-culturalcommunication.Therefore,fromthefirstdayoflearningEnglish,itisnecessarytoletstudentsobtaintheawarenessofgettingfamiliarwiththeculturalbackgroundknowledgeofEnglish-speakingnations,andmakethemmasterthedifferencebetweenChinesecultureandWesternculture,andfurthercombinelanguageandculturetogethereffectivelytoimprovetheircross-culturalcommunicativecompetence.

2.Theoreticalbasisofculturalbackgroundknowledgeteaching

Inrecentyears,theculturalbackgroundknowledgeinEnglishteachinghasattractedgreatattention.ThepastseveralyearshavewitnessedagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceofcultureamongteachersofforeignlanguagesinChina.Englishsyllabustakescultureasoneoftheirgoalsinteaching.Thatistosay,Englishteachershavetotreatcultureseriouslynomatterwhattheirownpredictionsare.Somefamousscholarshavealreadyputtheiropinionsaboutthecultureteaching.

2.1RobertLado

ThelinguistRobertLadodefinesthegoaloflearningaforeignlanguageas“theabilitytouseit,understandingitsmeaningsandconnotationsintermsofthetargetlanguageandculture,andtheabilitytounderstandthespeechandwritingofnativesofthetargetcultureintermsoftheirgreatideasandachievement”.（Lado,1964:

25）[1]（p90）Theteachingofforeignlanguageinevitablyinvolvestheteachingofforeignculture.

2.2HuWenzhong

AccordingtoHuWenzhong’s“languageisaformofculture,itisimpossibletolearnEnglishwellwithoutculture”.Soculturalteachingisverynecessaryinforeignlanguagelearning.

3.TheunderstandingofculturalteachinginEnglishteaching

Languageisanindispensablecarrierofculture,anessentialandimportantpartofagivenculture.Andcultureisreallyanintegralpartoftheinteractionbetweenlanguageandthought（Brown,1994:

185）.RelationbetweencultureteachingandlanguageteachingCultureandlanguagearecloselyrelated.Akindoflanguagecanneverbelearnedinaculturalvacuum.Languagelearningandculturelearningarenotseparable.

3.1Definition

"Itisthesamewithcultureteachingandlanguageteaching.Traditionalteachinginforeignlanguageeducationhaslimitedtheteachingofculturetransmissionofinformationaboutthepeopleofthetargetcountryandabouttheirgeneralattitudesandworldviews."（ClaireKramsch,2000）.ChenJunsaid“Intraditionalteaching,thoughstudentsmasterthepronunciation,grammars,vocabulariesandquitealotoflistening,speaking,reading,writingandtranslatingskills,theystillcannotbesaidtofullyunderstandandmasterEnglish.EnglishasaforeignlanguageistheunityofEnglishlanguageandculture.Thereforetheteachermusthelplearnerstorealizethatthoughtsandviewsofdifferentnationalitiesanddifferenttypesofsocietiesaboutnatureandhumansocietyarequitedifferent”.Soitisevidentlywrongtointerpretthingsinforeignlanguageinthesamewayasinmothertongue.Tothesameextent,theachievementofEnglishteachinggoalreliesonstudents'culturalawareness.Therefore,itisimportancetotakeforculturalbackgroundknowledgeasoneofthecontentsinthewholeprocessofEnglishteachingsoastohelplearnerstohaveagoodcommandofnecessaryculturalknowledge.

3.2Advantages

Learningonecountrylanguageandknowingitsculturalbackgroundknowledgebothareimportant.Everylanguagehastheirownspecialfeaturesindifferentcountries.Inclass,teacheronlyoffersstudentsgrammar,pronunciation,wordsbutneglectsofimprovingtheirabilityofknowingthetrulymeaningofsocialculture,sotheycouldnotunderstandthelanguagedeeply.Whenstudentsgetsomeknowledgeofwesternculture,theywillmasterthetwoaspectsofEnglish,whichreferstolanguagebasisandmeaningofitsthoughts.AndinthiswaytheycanimprovetheefficiencyofhandlingEnglish.Soitisveryimportanttoknowtheimportanceofculturalbackgroundknowledgeinlanguagelearning.

4.TheimportanceofculturalbackgroundknowledgeinEnglishteaching

AccordingtoAmericanlinguistCharlesCarpenter,culturalbackgroundknowledgeistheknowledgeaboutculture,whichisconnectedwithpeople'sdailylife.Itincludesthenationaltraditionalculture,customs,historygeography,andsoon.Eachculturehasitsownculturalbackground.Withthedevelopmentofcross-culturalcommunication,culturalbackgroundknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinEnglishteaching.

4.1Ontheaspectoflanguageknowledge

LanguageknowledgeisverycrucialforEnglishlearning.Intheprocessoflearningvocabularyandgrammar,wecanknowthatculturalbackgroundknowledgealwaysfusewiththem.

4.1.1Vocabulary

ThefirststepofleaningEnglishisvocabulary.Vocabularyisthemainpartofthewholelanguagesystem.Wordisthesmallestunitofalanguagethatcanbeusedbyitself（Bolinger,1968,p.43）.Therefore,themisunderstandingofaforeignlanguagecanbringustremendousconfusion,whichoftenreferstoculturalbackgroundknowledge.InEnglish,asingle