帧中继Frame Relay.docx
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帧中继FrameRelay
PacketTracer5.0实验—帧中继FrameRelay
帧中继是一种用于连接计算机系统的面向分组的通信方法。
它主要用在公共或专用网上的局域网互联以及广域网连接。
大多数公共电信局都提供帧中继服务,把它作为建立高性能的虚拟广域连接的一种途径。
帧中继是进入带宽范围从56Kbps到1.544Mbps的广域分组交换网的用户接口。
帧中继是从综合业务数字网中发展起来的,并在1984年推荐为国际电话电报咨询委员会(CCITT)的一项标准,另外,由美国国家标准协会授权的美国TIS标准委员会也对帧中继做了一些初步工作。
数据链路连接标识符(DLCI)这个信息包含标识号,它标识多路复用到通道的逻辑连结。
帧中继交换机将两端的DLCI关联起来,它是帧中继帧格式中地字段的一个重要部分之一,这是个6位标识,表示正在进行的客户和服务器之间的连接,用于RFCOMM层。
帧中继使用DLCI来标识DTE和服务商交换机之间的虚电路。
DLCI字段的长度一般为10bit,但也可扩展为16bit,前者用二字节地址字段,后者是三字节地址字段。
23bit用四字节地址字段。
DLCI值用于标识永久虚电路(PVC),呼叫控制或管理信息。
DLCI只具有本地意义。
一、使用PacketTracer5.0构建帧中继仿真
添加三个2811路由器和一个云
图一
图二 给2811添加一个具有串口的模块
图三
图四 把路由器2811的串口与云的串口相连,路由器的串口为DTE
图五 实验拓扑图及IP地址、DLCI分配
二、配置FrameRelay
以Router2为例,其它两个路由器相似,\\后是人为添加的注释,在实际配置时不存在
Router>en \\进入特权配置模式
Router#conft \\进入全局配置模式
Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.
Router(config)#noipdomain-lookup \\取消名称解析
Router(config)#hostnameRouter2 \\配置路由器的名字
Router2(config)#intfa0/1 \\进入接口配置模式
Router2(config-if)#ipaddress172.18.1.1255.255.255.0 \\配置ip地址
Router2(config-if)#noshut \\激活端口
%LINK-5-CHANGED:
InterfaceFastEthernet0/1,changedstatetoup
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
LineprotocolonInterfaceFastEthernet0/1,changedstatetoup
Router2(config-if)#intserial0/3/0
Router2(config-if)#encapsulationframe-relay \\对串口serial0/3/0进行frame-relay封装
Router2(config-if)#noshut
%LINK-5-CHANGED:
InterfaceSerial0/3/0,changedstatetoup
Router2(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial0/3/0,changedstatetoup
Router2(config-if)#interfaceserial0/3/0.1point-to-point \\进入串口的子接口配置模式
%LINK-5-CHANGED:
InterfaceSerial0/3/0.1,changedstatetoup
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial0/3/0.1,changedstatetoupRouter2
(config-subif)#ipaddress192.168.1.1255.255.255.0 \\为子接口配置IP地址
Router2(config-subif)#descriptionLinkRouter1DLCI30 \\为子接口添加描述
Router2(config-subif)#frame-relayinterface-dlci40 \\配置DLCI
Router2(config-subif)#interfaceserial0/3/0.2point-to-point
%LINK-5-CHANGED:
InterfaceSerial0/3/0.2,changedstatetoup
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial0/3/0.2,changedstatetoupRouter2
(config-subif)#ipaddress192.168.3.1255.255.255.0
Router2(config-subif)#descriptionlinktoRouter0DLCI20
Router2(config-subif)#frame-relayinterface-dlci41
Router2(config-subif)#end
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:
Configuredfromconsolebyconsole
Router2#conft
Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.
Router2(config)#routereigrp100 \\在路由器上启用EIGRP路由协议
Router2(config-router)#network172.18.0.0 \\通告与自己直接想连的网段
Router2(config-router)#network192.168.3.0
Router2(config-router)#network192.168.1.0
Router2(config-router)#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:
Configuredfromconsolebyconsole
Router2#copyrunning-configstartup-config \\保存配置
Destinationfilename[startup-config]?
Buildingconfiguration...
[OK]
Router2#
路由器Router0的配置:
Router0#shrunning-config
Buildingconfiguration...
Currentconfiguration:
830bytes
!
version12.4
noservicepassword-encryption
!
hostnameRouter0
!
!
ipsshversion1
noipdomain-lookup
!
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/0
noipaddress
duplexauto
speedauto
shutdown
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/1
ipaddress172.16.1.1255.255.255.0
duplexauto
speedauto
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0
noipaddress
encapsulationframe-relay
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.1point-to-point
descriptionLinktoRouter2
ipaddress192.168.3.2255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci20
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.2point-to-point
descriptionLinktoRouter1
ipaddress192.168.2.2255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci21
!
interfaceVlan1
noipaddress
shutdown
!
routereigrp100
network172.16.0.0
network192.168.3.0
network192.168.2.0
auto-summary
!
ipclassless
!
linecon0
linevty04
login
!
!
end
路由器Router1的配置
Router1#shrunning-config
Buildingconfiguration...
Currentconfiguration:
843bytes
!
version12.4
noservicepassword-encryption
!
hostnameRouter1
!
ipsshversion1
noipdomain-lookup
!
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/0
noipaddress
duplexauto
speedauto
shutdown
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/1
ipaddress172.17.1.1255.255.255.0
duplexauto
speedauto
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0
noipaddress
encapsulationframe-relay
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.1point-to-point
descriptionlinktoRouter2DLCI40
ipaddress192.168.1.2255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci30
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.2point-to-point
descriptionlinktorouter0DLCI21
ipaddress192.168.2.1255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci31
!
interfaceVlan1
noipaddress
shutdown
!
routereigrp100
network192.168.1.0
network192.168.2.0
network172.17.0.0
auto-summary
!
ipclassless
!
!
linecon0
linevty04
login
!
!
end
路由器Router2的配置
Router2#shrunning-config
Buildingconfiguration...
Currentconfiguration:
841bytes
!
version12.4
noservicepassword-encryption
!
hostnameRouter2
!
!
ipsshversion1
noipdomain-lookup
!
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/0
noipaddress
duplexauto
speedauto
shutdown
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/1
ipaddress172.18.1.1255.255.255.0
duplexauto
speedauto
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0
noipaddress
encapsulationframe-relay
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.1point-to-point
descriptionLinkRouter1DLCI30
ipaddress192.168.1.1255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci40
!
interfaceSerial0/3/0.2point-to-point
descriptionlinktoRouter0DLCI20
ipaddress192.168.3.1255.255.255.0
frame-relayinterface-dlci41
!
interfaceVlan1
noipaddress
shutdown
!
routereigrp100
network172.18.0.0
network192.168.3.0
network192.168.1.0
auto-summary
!
ipclassless
!
linecon0
linevty04
login
!
!
end
路由器配置完毕后,还需要配置Cloud0。
图六 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的serial0配置DLCI及LMI类型
图七 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的serial1配置DLCI及LMI类型
图八 根据路由器的相关配置,给Cloud0的serial2配置DLCI及LMI类型
图九 根据路由器的相关配置,配置Cloud0的FrameRelay
三、配置各个计算机,并使用ping命令校验网络的连通性
pc0
PC>ipconfig
IPAddress......................:
172.16.1.2
SubnetMask.....................:
255.255.255.0
DefaultGateway.................:
172.16.1.1
PC>ping192.168.1.1
Pinging192.168.1.1with32bytesofdata:
Replyfrom192.168.1.1:
bytes=32time=141msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.1.1:
bytes=32time=110msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.1.1:
bytes=32time=143msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.1.1:
bytes=32time=110msTTL=254
Pingstatisticsfor192.168.1.1:
Packets:
Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),
Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:
Minimum=110ms,Maximum=143ms,Average=126ms
PC>ping192.168.2.2
Pinging192.168.2.2with32bytesofdata:
Replyfrom192.168.2.2:
bytes=32time=62msTTL=255
Replyfrom192.168.2.2:
bytes=32time=62msTTL=255
Replyfrom192.168.2.2:
bytes=32time=47msTTL=255
Replyfrom192.168.2.2:
bytes=32time=63msTTL=255
Pingstatisticsfor192.168.2.2:
Packets:
Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),
Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:
Minimum=47ms,Maximum=63ms,Average=58ms
PC>ping192.168.3.1
Pinging192.168.3.1with32bytesofdata:
Replyfrom192.168.3.1:
bytes=32time=109msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.3.1:
bytes=32time=125msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.3.1:
bytes=32time=93msTTL=254
Replyfrom192.168.3.1:
bytes=32time=94msTTL=254
Pingstatisticsfor192.168.3.1:
Packets:
Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),
Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:
Minimum=93ms,Maximum=125ms,Average=105ms
PC>ping172.17.1.1
Pinging172.17.1.1with32bytesofdata:
Replyfrom172.17.1.1:
bytes=32time=110msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.17.1.1:
bytes=32time=112msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.17.1.1:
bytes=32time=123msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.17.1.1:
bytes=32time=110msTTL=254
Pingstatisticsfor172.17.1.1:
Packets:
Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),
Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:
Minimum=110ms,Maximum=123ms,Average=113ms
PC>ping172.18.1.1
Pinging172.18.1.1with32bytesofdata:
Replyfrom172.18.1.1:
bytes=32time=140msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.18.1.1:
bytes=32time=109msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.18.1.1:
bytes=32time=110msTTL=254
Replyfrom172.18.1.1:
bytes=32time=125msTTL=254
Pingstatisticsfor172.18.1.1:
Packets:
Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),
Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:
Minimum=109ms,Maximum=140ms,Average=121ms