八世贸组织中英单词对照.docx

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八世贸组织中英单词对照.docx

八世贸组织中英单词对照

Documentnumber:

BGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-2022

 

八世贸组织中英单词对照

汉英口译分类词汇(08)--世贸组织词汇

(补贴协议)可诉补贴Actionablesubsidy

(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程Integrationprocess

(服务贸易)境外消费Consumptionabroad

(服务贸易)跨境交付Crossbordersupply

(服务贸易)商业存在Commercialpresence

(服务贸易)自然人naturalperson

(服务贸易)自然人流动Presenceofnaturalperson

(解决争端)被诉方Defendant

(解决争端)调查结果Findings

(解决争端)上诉Appeal

(解决争端)申诉方Complaint

(利益的)丧失和减损Nullificationandimpairment

(农产品)国内支持Domesticsupport

(农产品)综合支持量AMS(AggregateMeasurementofSupport)

(农产品国内支持)黄箱措施AmberBoxmeasures

(农产品国内支持)蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments)Provisions

(农产品国内支持)绿箱措施GreenBoxmeasures

(农业)多功能性Multifunctionality

(欧盟)共同农业政策CommonAgriculturePolicy

(争端解决)专家组Panel

(知识产权)地理标识Geographicalindications

《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)ParisConvention

《巴塞尔公约》(有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定)BaselConvention

《北美自由贸易协定》NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement)

《濒危物种国际贸易公约》ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpecies

《伯尔尼公约》(有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约)BerneConvention

《多种纤维协定》MFA(MultifibreAgreement)

《纺织品与服装协议》ATC(AgreementonTextilesandClothing)

《服务贸易总协定》GATS(GeneralAgreementonTradeinServices)

《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU(UnderstandingonRulesandProceduresGoverningtheSettlementofDisputes)

《京都议定书》KyotoProtocol

《里斯本条约》(有关地理标识及其国际注册)LisbonAgreement

《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)MontrealProtocol

《农产品协议》特殊保障SSG(SpecialSafeguard)

《农业协议》中关于反补贴的和平条款Peaceclause

《生物多样性公约》CBD(ConventiononBiologicalDiversity)

《信息技术协议》ITA(InformationTechnologyAgreement)

WTO最不发达国家高级别会议HLM(WTOHigh-levelMeetingforLDCs)

北美自由贸易区NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeArea)

采取措施后Expost

采取措施前Exante

产品生命周期分析LCA(LifeCycleAnalysis)

出口补贴Exportsubsidy

出口实绩Exportperformance

垂直兼并verticalmerger

当地含量Localcontent

电子商务ElectronicCommerce

东部和南部非洲共同市场COMESA(CommonMarketforEasternandSouthernAfrica)

东盟自由贸易区ASEANFreeTradeArea

动植物卫生检疫措施SPS(SanitaryandPhytosanitaryStandard)

反补贴税Countervailingduty

反倾销措施anti-dumpingmeasuresagainst…

反向通知Counter-notification

非配额产品quota-freeproducts

非生产性投资investmentinnon-productiveprojects

非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团(洛美协定)ACP(African,CaribbeanandPacificGroup)

风险管理/评估riskmanagement/assessment

关贸总协定,世界贸易组织的前身GATT(GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade)

规避Circumvention

国际标准化组织ISO(InternationalOrganizationforStandardization)

国际纺织品服装局ITCB(InternationalTextileandClothingBureau)

国际货币基金组织IMF(InternationalMonetaryFund)

国际劳工组织ILO(InternationalLaborOrganization)

国际贸易中心ITC(InternationalTradeCenter)

国际贸易组织ITO(InternationalTradeOrganization)

国际贸易组织临时委员会ICITO(InterimCommissionfortheInternationalTradeOrganization)

国际清算internationalsettlement

国际收支balanceofinternationalpayments/balanceofpayment

国际收支条款BOP(Balance-of-payments)Provisions

国际兽疫组织InternationalOfficeofEpizootics

国民待遇Nationaltreatment

国内补贴Domesticsubsidy

国内生产Domesticproduction

海关估价Customsvaluation

海关完税价值Customsvalue

横向兼并horizontalmerger

环保型技术EST(Environmentally-soundtechnology)

灰色区域措施Greyareameasures

货币留成制度Currencyretentionscheme

货币贸易理事会CTG(CouncilforTradeinGoods)

基础税率Basetarifflevel

既定日程Built-inagenda

交叉报复Crossretaliation

进口差价税Importvariableduties

进口附加税Importsurcharge

进口环节税importlinkagetax

进口渗透Importpenetration

进口替代Importsubstitution

进口许可Importlicensing

进口押金Importdeposits

经济合作与发展组织OECD(OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment)

垃圾融资junkfinancing

联合国环境署UNEP(UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram)

联合国开发计划署UNDP(UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram)

联合国粮农组织FAO(FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedStates)

联合国贸易与发展会议UNCTAD(UnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopment)

粮食安全Foodsecurity

慢性萧条chronicdepression 

贸易和投资自由化和便利化TILF(TradeandInvestmentLiberalizationandFacilitation)

贸易与发展委员会CommitteeonTradeandDevelopment

贸易与环境委员会CommitteeonTradeandEnvironment

模式Modalities

南方共同市场(或称南锥体共同市场)MERCOSUR(SouthernCommonMarket)

南亚区域合作联盟SAARC(SouthAsianAssociationforRegionalcooperation)

欧洲自由贸易联盟EFTA(EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation)

配额调整条款modulationofquotaclause

瓶颈制约'bottleneck'restrictions

全球配额globalquota

上诉机构Appealbody

申报制度reportingsystem;incomedeclarationsystem

生产补贴Productionsubsidy

实行国民待遇grantthenationaltreatmentto

实质损害Materialinjury

食品法典委员会CAC(CodexAlimentariesCommission)

世界海关组织WCO(WorldCustomsOrganization)

世界贸易组织WTO(WorldTradeOrganization)

世界知识产权组织WIPO(WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization)

市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA(AdministrativeAspectsofMarketAccess)

市场准入Marketaccess

通知义务Notificationobligation

同类产品Likeproduct

乌拉圭回合UruguayRound

消费膨胀inflatedconsumption 

协调制度(商品名称及编码协调制度)HS(HarmonizedCommodityandCodingSystem)

新议题Newissues

许可费Licensefee

有秩序的市场安排Orderlymarketarrangements

约束水平Boundlevel

争端解决机构DisputeSettlementBody

政府采购Governmentprocurement

知识产权IPRs(Intellectualpropertyrights)

直接支付Directpayment

诸边协议Plurilateralagreement

专门的营销机构Marketboards

转基因生物GMOs(GeneticallyModifiedOrganisms)

祖父条款grandfatherclause

最不发达国家LDCs(Least-developedcountries)

最初谈判权(初谈权)INRs(InitialNegotiatingRights)

最惠国待遇(现通常称'正常贸易关系')MFN(most-favored-nation)treatment

最惠国贸易地位(待遇)MFN(Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)

WTO术语英文解释

General

GATT—GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade,whichhasbeensupersededasaninternationalorganizationbytheWTO.AnupdatedGeneralAgreementisnowoneoftheWTO’sagreements.

GATT1947—Theold(pre-1994)versionoftheGATT.

GATT1994—ThenewversionoftheGeneralAgreement,incorporatedintotheWTO,whichgovernstradeingoods.

Members—WTOgovernments(firstlettercapitalized,inWTOstyle).

MFN—Most-favoured-nationtreatment(GATTArticleI,GATSArticleIIandTRIPSArticle4),theprincipleofnotdiscriminatingbetweenone’stradingtreatment—Theprincipleofgivingothersthesametreatmentasone’sownnationals.

GATTArticleIIIrequiresthatimportsbetreatednolessfavourablythanthesameorsimilardomestically-producedgoodsoncetheyhavepassedcustoms.GATSArticleXVIIandTRIPSArticle3alsodealwithnationaltreatmentforservicesandintellectualpropertyprotection.

TPRB,TPRM—TheTradePolicyReviewBodyisGeneralCounciloperatingunderspecialproceduresformeetingstoreviewtradepoliciesandpracticesofindividualWTOmembersundertheTrade

PolicyReviewMechanism.

transparency—Degreetowhichtradepoliciesandpractices,andtheprocessbywhichtheyareestablished,areopenandpredictable.

UruguayRound—MultilateraltradenegotiationslaunchedatPuntadelEste,UruguayinSeptember1986andconcludedinGenevainDecember1993.SignedbyMinistersinMarrakesh,Morocco,inApril1994.

Tariffs

binding,bound—see“tariffbinding”

electroniccommerce—Theproduction,advertising,saleanddistributionofproductsvia

telecommunicationsnetworks.

free-rider—Acasualtermusedtoinferthatacountrywhichdoesnotmakeanytradeconcessions,profits,nonetheless,fromtariffcutsandconcessionsmadebyothercountriesinnegotiationsunderthemost-favoured-nationprinciple.

HarmonizedSystem—AninternationalnomenclaturedevelopedbytheWorldCustomsOrganization,whichisarrangedinsixdigitcodesallowingallparticipatingcountriestoclassifytradedgoodsonacommonbasis.Beyondthesixdigitlevel,countriesarefreetointroducenationaldistinctionsfortariffsandmanyotherpurposes.

ITA—InformationTechnologyAgreement,orformallytheMinisterial-DeclarationonTradeinInformationTechnologyProducts,underwhichparticipantswillremovetariffsonITproductsbytheyear2000.

ITAII—NegotiationsaimedatexpandingITA’sproductcoverage.

nuisancetariff—Tariffsolowthatitcoststhegovernmentmoretocollectitthantherevenueitgenerates.

scheduleofconcessions—Listofboundtariffrates.

tariffbinding—Commitmentnottoincreasearateofdutybeyondanagreedlevel.Oncearateofdutyisbound,itmaynotberaisedwithoutcompensatingtheaffectedparties.

tariffescalation—Higherimportdutiesonsemi-processedproductsthanonrawmaterials,andhigherstillonfinishedproducts.Thispracticeprotectsdomesticprocessingindustriesanddiscouragesthedevelopmentofprocessingactivityinthecountrieswhererawmaterialsoriginate.

tariffpeaks—Relativelyhightariffs,usuallyon“sensitive”products,amidstgenerallylowtarifflevels.Forindustrializedcountries,tariffsof15%andabovearegenerallyrecognizedas“tariffpeaks”.

tariffs—Customsdutiesonmerchandiseimports.Leviedeitheronanadvalorembasis(percentageofvalue)oronaspecificbasis.$7per100kgs.).Tariffsgivepriceadvantagetosimilarlocally-producedgoodsandraiserevenuesforthegovernment.

WCO—WorldCustomsOrganization,amultilateralbodylocatedinBrusselsthroughwhichparticipatingcountriesseektosimplifyandrationalizecustomsprocedures.

Non-tariffmeasures

anti-dumpingduties—ArticleVIoftheGATT1994permitstheimpositionofanti-dumpingdutiesagainstdumpedgoods,equaltothedifferencebetweentheirexportpriceandtheirnormalvalue,ifdumpingcausesinjurytoproducersofcompetingproductsintheimportingcountry.

circumvention—Measurestakenbyexporterstoevadeanti-dumpingorcountervailingduties.

countervailingmeasures—Actiontakenbytheimportingcountry,usuallyintheformofincreaseddutiestooffsetsubsidiesgiventoproducersorexportersintheexportingcountry.

dumping—Occurswhengoodsareexportedatapricelessthantheirnormalvalue,generallymeaningtheyareexportedforlessthantheyaresoldinthedomesticmarketorthird-countrymarkets,oratlessthanproductioncost.

NTMs—Non-tariffmeasuressuchasquotas,importlicensingsystems,sanitaryregulations,prohibitions,etc.

priceundertaking—Undertakingbyanexporter

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