一般过去时的构成及用法.docx
《一般过去时的构成及用法.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《一般过去时的构成及用法.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
一般过去时的构成及用法
一、一般过去时的用法:
1.表示过去的动作或状态,常和明确的过去时间状语连用,如:
yesterday,lastweek,threedaysago,in1998,justnow等,或与由when引导的从句连用。
2.也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作。
句子中常带有everyday,often,usually,always,sometimes等时间状语。
例:
WhenIworkedinthecompany,Igotupearlyeverymorning.
在那家公司上班时,我每天早晨都起得很早。
Inthepastfewyearssheusuallywenttouringduringhersummerholidays.
在过去的几年里,每逢暑假她总是出去旅游。
二、一般过去时的形式
tobe:
第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was,其余的人称用were。
todo(行为动词:
行为动词的过去式有两类,一类是规则动词,另一类是不规则动词。
tohave:
各人称,单、复数一律用had。
肯定句
否定句
be
I/He/She/Itwas...
I/He/She/Itwasnot...
We/You/Theywere...
We/You/Theywerenot...
have
I/He/She/It/We/You/Theyhad...
I/He/She/It/We/You/Theyhadnot(有)...
I/He/She/It/We/You/Theydidnothave(吃/喝/进行...…
行为动词
I/He/She/It/We/You/Theystudied…
I/He/She/It/We/You/Theydidnotstudy…
一般疑问句
简略回答
be
Washe/she/it...
Yes,hewas.(No,hewasn’t.
Werewe/you/they...
Yes,youwere.(No,youwerenot
have
HadI/he/she/it/you/we/they...DidI/you/he...have...
Yes,youhad.(No,youhadn’t.
Yes,youdid.(No,youdidn’t.
行为动词
Didhe/she/it/we/you/theystudy..
Yes,youdid.(No,youdidn’t.
I.一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
如:
lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,
always等频率副词连用。
例如:
①Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。
②LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。
II.一般过去时的构成
我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。
动词过去式的构成:
(1规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。
如:
look-looked。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。
如:
live-lived。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:
stop-stopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:
study-studied。
(2不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:
am(is-was,are-were,go-went,
come-came,take-took,have(has-had等。
III.一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为:
主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如:
Hewenttothetoystore
yesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。
否定句结构为:
主语+didnot(didn't+动词原形+其它。
如:
Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。
一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成:
Did+主语+动词原形+其它如:
1-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek
-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.
2-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore
-No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.
一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成:
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它如:
1-Whatdidyoudolastnight
-Ididmyhomework.
2-Wheredidyougolastweek
-IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.
一般过去时口诀
一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单,didn't站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。
一般现在时与一般过去时
[2007-12-1213:
41:
00|By:
37z.颜宾]
一般现在时与一般过去时
Teachingperiods:
1.
Teachingaimsanddemands:
1.口笔头掌握各种一般现在时与一般过去时的句型。
2.一般现在时与一般过去时的动词规则与不规则变化。
Teachingprocedure:
Step1review
1.一般现在时与一般过去时共同点:
①两者均可表示人的性格、特征、爱好,以及习惯性动作,常与频度副词:
often,sometimes,seldom,usually,always,onceaweek,threetimesamonth,等连用。
Eg:
Ilikesinging.IlikedsingingwhenIwasachild.
Ioftensing.IoftensangwhenIwasachild.
②在条件和时间状语从句中,一般将来时要改为一般现在时,过去将来时要改为一般过去时。
Eg:
IamgoingtobeadocterwhenIgrowup.
Iamgoingtothezooifitdoesn’train.
Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.
2.一般现在时与一般过去时的不同点:
①一般现在时表示现阶段发生的动作或状态,以及永恒不变的事实、真理和自然规律,常与时间状语today,everyday,onSunday,everymorning等连用。
Eg:
Whatdayistoday
WesometimesgototheparkonSunday.
Theyridebikestoschooleveryday.
Igetupearlyeverymorning.
SpringreturnsinMarch.
HesaidspringreturnsinMarch..
Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.
②一般过去时表示过去阶段发生的动作或状态,常与时间状语yesterday,lastyear,thedaybeforeyesterday,themonthbefore,thismorning,fivedaysago等连用。
Eg:
Whatdaywasyesterday
WesometimeswenttotheparkonSundaylastyear.
Theyrodebikestoschoolthedaybeforeyesterday.
Igotupearlythismorning.
Ilostmypenfivedaysago.
Step2presentation
1.一般现在时肯、否定句、一般疑问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句的变化规则。
①“行为动词”与助动词“do”连用:
SometimeswegototheparkonSunday.
Sometimeswedon’tgototheparkonSunday.
DoyousometimesgototheparkonSunday
Yes,wedo./No,wedon’t.
WheredoyousometimesgoonSunday
Whendoyousometimesgotothepark
②“行为动词三单主语”与助动词“does”连用:
SpringreturnsinMarch.
Springdoesn’treturninMarch.
DoesspringreturninMarch
Yes,itdoes./No,itdoesn’t.
Whendoesspringreturn
③“be动词”可以兼助动词:
Thesunisn’tbiggerthanthemoon.
Isthesunbiggerthanthemoon
Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.
Howisthesunthanthemoon
2.一般过去时肯、否定句、一般疑问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句的变化规则。
①“行为动词”与助动词“did”连用:
Igotupatsixthirtythismorning.
Ididn’tgetupatsixthirtythismorning.
Didyougetupatsixthirtythismorning
Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.
Whendidyougetupthismorning
②“be动词”可以兼助动词:
ItwasMondayyesterday.
Itwasn’tMondayyesterday.
WasitMondayyesterday
Yes,itwas./No,itwasn’t.
Whatdaywasyesterday
Step3practice
:
Ilikesinging.
Cue:
whenIwasachild.
S:
IlikedsingingwhenIwasachild.
Cue:
否定句
S:
Ididn’tlikesingingwhenIwasachild.
Cue:
一般问句
S:
Didyoulikesingingwhenyouwereachild
Cue:
answer
S:
Yes,Idid.
Cue:
What
S:
Whatdidyoulikewhenyouwereachild
2.T:
Theyridebikestoschooleveryday.
Cue:
he
S:
Heridesabiketoschooleveryday.
Cue:
yesterday
S:
Herodeabiketoschoolyesterday.
Cue:
否定句
S:
Hedidn’trideabiketoschoolyesterday.
Cue:
一般问句
S:
Didherideabiketoschoolyesterday
Cue:
answer
S:
Yes,hedid.
Cue:
When
S:
Whendidherideabiketoschool
3.T:
Igetupearlyeverymorning.
Cue:
she
S:
Shegetsupearlyeverymorning.
Cue:
lastmorning
S:
Igotupearlylastmorning.
Cue:
否定句
S:
Ididn’tgotupearlylastmorning.
Cue:
一般问句
S:
Didhegetupearlylastmorning
Cue:
answer
S:
Yes,hedid.
Cue:
When
S:
Whendidhegetupearly
4.T:
Ilostmypenfivedaysago.
Cue:
否定句
S:
Ididn’tlosemypenfivedaysago.
Cue:
一般问句
S:
Didhelosehispenfivedaysago
Cue:
answer
S:
Yes,hedid.
Cue:
When
S:
Whendidhelosehispen
5.T:
Wegototheparktwiceamonth.
Cue:
They
S:
Theygototheparktwiceamonth.
Cue:
he
S:
Hegoestotheparktwiceamonth.
Cue:
否定句
S:
Hedoesn’tgototheparktwiceamonth.
Cue:
一般问句
S:
Doeshegototheparktwiceamonth
Cue:
answer
S:
Yes,hedoes.
Cue:
Howoften
S:
Howoftendoeshegotothepark
Cue:
Where
S:
Wheredoeshegotwiceamonth
Step4consolidation
一般现在时与一般过去时谓语动词的规则与不规则变化。
1. 一般现在时的动词基本上用原形,只有主语三单时谓语动词类似名词复数变化,其变化规则如下:
①一般情况直接加s读作[z/s].Eg:
work--works,
②以不发音e结尾,直接加s,读作[z/s].Eg:
like--likes
③以se,,结尾,加s,读作[iz].Eg:
rise—rises,
④以s,x,结尾,加es,读作[iz].Eg:
miss--misses,fix--fixes,
⑤以o,结尾,加es,读作[z]Eg:
go—goes,
⑹以辅音字母+y结尾,须改成i,加es,读作[z].Eg:
carry--carries,
2.一般过去时除了不规则变化要死背硬记,其余的规则变化如下:
①一般情况直接加ed读作[d/t/id],.Eg:
work--worked,
②以不发音e结尾,直接加d,读作[d/t/id].一般过去时
时间状语:
ago(之前,yesterday,last,
in+过去年份,justnow(刚才)
Eg:
like—liked,
③以辅音字母+y结尾,须改成i,加ed,读作[d].Eg:
carry--carried,
Step5projectandhomework
Ⅰ.Correctthemistakes.
1.Wheredoeshegoestwiceamonth
2.Howoftendohegoestothepark
3.Heisn’tgototheparktwiceamonth.
4.Wegoestotheparktwiceamonth.
5.Doeshelosehispenfivedaysago
6.Idon’tlosemypenfivedaysago.
7.Didhegotupearlylastmorning
8.Shegetupearlyeverymorning.
9.Igetsupearlyeverymorning.
10.Isherideabiketoschoolyesterday
11.Iwasn’tlikesingingwhenIwasachild.
Ⅱ.Answerthefollowingquestions:
1.T:
DoyoulikesingingS:
Yes,Ido.
2.T:
HowoftendoesherideabiketoschoolS:
heridesabiketoschoolalmosteveryday.
:
WhatdayistodayS:
It’s.Mondaytoday.
:
WhatdaywasyesterdayS:
ItwasMondayyesterday.
:
WhendoesspringreturnS:
SpringreturnsinMarch..
Ⅲ.给出下列句子的否定句、一般问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句:
Ilostmypenfivedaysago.2.SpringreturnsinMarch.3.Ilikesinging.