11 类常用翻译主题词汇.docx
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11类常用翻译主题词汇
11类翻译主题词汇
一、中国历史
四大文明古国oneofthefourancientcivilizations
人类文明史thehistoryofhumancivilization
源远流长/历史悠久tohavealonghistory;withalonghistory
朝代dynasty
古都ancientcapital
随着时间的推移astimegoesby
远古时代ancienttimes
原始社会primitivesociety
;
春秋时代theSpringandAutumnPeriod
战国theWarringStates
封建社会feudalsociety
皇帝、君主emperor,monarch
历史遗留问题aquestionleftoverfromhistory/thepast
在战争中损毁toberuinedinwars
抵抗侵略toresisttheinvasion
五四运动theMay4thMovementof1919
在......世纪初atthebeginningof...century
迄今为止uptillnow
%
追溯到todate/tracebackto
来源于toderive/stemfrom;tooriginatefrom/in
发源地birthplace
兴起于......,兴盛于......toemergein...andprosperin...
保存最完好的best-preserved
原址originalsite
国家博物馆nationalmuseum
皇帝统治时期aperiodofemperorreign
诸侯国kingdom
勤政爱民tobediligentandloveone’speople
、
退位togiveupthethrone
帝王宫殿imperialpalace
以......命名tobenamedafter
历史人物historyfigure
阳历solarcalendar
阴历lunarcalendar
天干heavenlystem
地支earthlybranch
闰年leapyear
—
二、中国文化概述
重要文化遗产majorculturalheritage
优秀民间艺术outstandingfolkarts
文化产业cultureindustry
文化底蕴culturaldeposit
文化事业culturalundertaking
文化交流culturalexchange
文化冲击culturalshock
文化差异culturaldifference
独特的艺术价值uniqueartisticvalues
…
诚实守信honesty
爱国主义精神patriotism
国宝nationaltreasure
文物culturalrelics
华夏祖先theChineseancestors
中华民族theChinesenation
传统美德traditionalvirtues
文人menofletter
雅士refinedscholar
才子佳人giftedscholarsandbeautifulladies
;
高雅艺术refined/highart
中外学者Chineseandoverseasscholars
古为今用tomakethepastservethepresent
洋为中用tomaketheforeignserveChina
无愧于时代的作品worksworthyofthetimes
文明摇篮cradleofcivilization
古文明ancientcivilization
博大精深tobeextensiveandprofound
享有......的声誉toenjoyagood/highreputationfor
被誉为......tobehonored/crownedas
…
占重要地位toplayasignificantrole;tohave/occupyasignificantplace
肩负......的责任toshouldertheresponsibilityof......
与......密不可分tobecloselyassociatedwith......
最广中国文化topromoteChineseculture
促进世界和平topromotewouldpeace
增进友谊toenhancefriendship
文化娱乐活动culturalandamusementactivities
民族特性和价值观nationalidentityandvalue
在各地差异很大tovarywidelyfromregion/placetoregion/place
促进文化的传播topromotethespreadofculture
:
促进交流topromoteexchanges
蓬勃发展toflourish
丰富多彩toberichandcolorful
风俗习惯custom
禁忌taboo
尊敬老人torespecttheelderly
赡养老人tosupport/takecareofparents
继承toinherit
后人latergeneration
强身健体toimprovethephysicalhealth;tostrengthenthebody
—
益寿延年toprolonglife
保佑平安tokeepsb.Safe
象征意义symbolicmeaning
象征好运和祝福tosymbolizegoodluckandblessings
审美观/品味tasteforbeauty;aesthetictaste
三、中国传统文化
中医药traditionalChinesemedicine
中草药herbalmedicine
望、闻、问、切observing,listening,inquiring,pulsetaking
】
症状symptom
重大发明asignificantinvention
中国古代四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina
火药gunpowder
印刷术paper-making
指南针thecompass
文房四宝theFourTreasuresoftheStudy
笔、墨、纸、砚brush,inkstick,inkstone
汉字Chinesecharacter
笔划stroke
%
普通话四声调thefourtonesofMandarinChinese
书法calligraphy
中国画traditionalChinesepainting
水墨画Chinesebrushpainting;inkwashpainting
武术martialarts
中国功夫KungFu
太极TaiChia
孔子Confucius
孟子Mencius
思想学派schoolofthought
)
思想核心thecoreofideology
代表人物representative
儒家思想Confucianism
儒家文化Confucianculture
和尚、僧人monk
寺庙temple
伊斯兰教Islam
清真寺mosque
宗教religion
建筑architecture
}
钟楼belltower
牌坊memorialarchway
兵马俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses
丝绸之路theSilkRoad
故宫theImperialPalace
天坛theTempleofHeaven
民间故事folktale
寓言fable
传说legend
凡间humanworld
*
京剧PekingOpera
脸谱mask
正面角色positiverole
木偶戏puppetshow
皮影戏shadowplay
杂技acrobatics
相声cross-talk
说、学、逗、唱speaking,imitating,teasingandsinging
说书story-telling
传统工艺品traditionalhandicraft
/
形状不一tobeofdifferentshapes
材质各异variousmaterial
质地坚硬hardtexture
造型生动vividfigure
色彩丰富richcolors
风格独特characteristic/uniquestyle
刺绣embroidery
泥人clayfigure
瓷器porcelain;china
陶器pottery;earthenware
.
青铜器bronzeware
雕刻tocarve
图章seal
四、中国传统节日
春节theSpringFestival/ChineseNewYear
除夕ChineseNewYear’sEve
年夜饭annualreuniondinner
拜年topayanewyearcall
探亲访友to(paya)visittorelativeandfriends
}
亲朋好友relativesandfriends
大扫除tothoroughlycleanthehouse
驱厄运tosweepawayillfortune;togetridofbadluck
去除灾难towardoffevils
发红包togivemoneyinredenvelopes;tohandoutredenvelopes
欢度......Thecelebrationof...;tocelebrate
春联springcouples
庙会templefair
民间艺人folkartists
祭神god-worshiping
。
炮竹,烟火firecracker;firework(s)
年画(traditional)newyearpicture
压岁钱newyear’sgift-money
元宵节theLanternFestival
清明节theTomb-sweepingDay
端午节theDragonBoatFestival
中秋节theMid-autumnDay/Festival
重阳节theDouble-ninthDay
七夕节theDouble-seventhDay
舞龙dragondance
}
花灯festivallantern
灯谜lanternriddle
有益的智力活动beneficialintellectualactivity
中国结Chineseknot
舞狮liondance
赛龙舟dragonboatrace
赏月toenjoythefullmoon
登高hillclimbing
扫墓topayrespectstothedeadatsb’stomb
)
五、食物及烹饪方法
中国菜、中餐Chinesecuisine
烹饪技巧cookingtechnique
煎tofry
炒tostir-fry
炸todeep-fry
烩/闷/炖tostew
蒸tosteam
煮toboil
烘焙tobake
—
烤toroast
切条tocuttostrips
切丁todice
切碎tomince
磨碎togrind
饮食习惯dietaryhabit
特色食品specialfood
元宵sweetstickyricedumplings
年糕ricecake
油条deep-frieddoughsticks
;
豆浆soybeanmilk
馒头steamedbun
包子steamedstuffedbun
拉面hand-stretchednoodles
豆腐tofu;beancurd
麻花frieddoughtwist
皮蛋100-yearegg;centuryegg
蛋炒饭friedricewithegg
火锅hotpot
原料ingredient
|
猪/牛肉丸pork/beefball
鸭肉duck
蘑菇mushroom
北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck
素菜馆vegetarianrestaurant
白酒Chineseliquor
六、旅游交通
景点touristattraction;scenicspot
名胜古迹placesofinterests
—
避暑胜地summerresort
森林公园forestpark
自然保护区naturereserve
自然景观naturalscenery
人文景观humanlandscape
壮丽河山magnificentscenery
古典山水园林classicallandscapegarden
皇家园林royalgarden
中外游客touristsfromhomeandabroad
游乐园amusementpark
/
度假totakeavacation;togoonholiday
门票(entrance)ticket
免费景区电子门票freesightseeinge-coupon
星级酒店star-ratedhotel
高峰期rushhour
人山人海,人满为患overcrowded;tobepackedwithovercrowdedpeople
翻山越岭toclimbmountainsandhills
受到......的热烈欢迎tobewarmlywelcomeby......
丰富知识toenrichone’sknowledge
开阔视野tobroadenone’shorizon
~
扩大知识面toenlargethescopeofknowledge
培养独立性tocultivateindependence
运输工具meansoftransportation
公共交通publictransport
地铁站subwaystation
候车室waitingroom
扣分处罚pointpenalty
酒驾drunkdriving
终身禁驾lifetimebanfromdriving
护照passport
…
签章有效期validityofvisa
散客individualvisitor
团体旅游groupvisitor
七、地理环境
位于......tobelocatedin/that
西部地区westernregions
省会provincialcapital
水域面积waterarea
三面环山tobesurroundedbymountainsonthreesides
}
全长....公里tostretchfor...kilometers
面貌焕然一新totakeonacompletelynewlook
高原plateau
山峰peak
淡水湖freshwaterlake
沿海港口coastalpot
植物园botanicalgarden
气候climate
环境保护environmentalprotection
提高全民环保意识raiseenvironmentawarenessamongthegeneralpublic
]
环保产品environment-friendlyproduct
一次性产品disposableproduct
开发可再生资源todeveloprenewableresources
高耗能产业energy-intensiveindustry
可持续发展sustainabledevelopment
生态环境theecologicalenvironment
温室效应greenhouseeffect
森林覆盖率forestcoveragerate
改善土壤soilimprovement
地址灾害geologicaldisaster
<
灾难catastrophe;tragedy;disaster
不幸misfortune
伤亡人员casualty
死亡人数deathtoll
台风typhoon
火山爆发volcaniceruption
地震earthquake
洪水flood
干旱drought
污染物pollutant
'
水土保持waterandsoilconservation
降雨rainfall
物种灭绝theextinctionofbio-species
先污染后治理toexertcontrolafterpollution
碳减排carbonemissionreduction
温室气体排放在greenhousegasemission
二氧化碳carbondioxide
新能源汽车greencar
废气exhaustgas
汽车尾气排放motorvehicleexhaust
~
发动机排量enginedisplacement
零排放车辆zero-emissionvehicle
小排量汽车small-displacementcar
能源消耗depletionofresources
能源危机energycrisis
回收利用torecycle
低碳城市化道路waytolow-carbonurbanization
城市化urbanization
濒临灭绝/失传tobeonthevergeofextinction/loss
濒临物种endangeredspecies
:
稀有物种rarespecies
防护林带shelterbelt
八、商业经济
商界businesscommunities
互惠互利mutualbenefit
共同繁荣commonprosperity
总需求aggregate/totaldemand
总供给aggregatesupply
供大于求supplyexceedingdemand
—
扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand
购买力purchasingpower
财政预算financialbudget
经济学家economist
企业家entrepreneur
经济全球化economicglobalization
区域性只有贸易区regionalfreetradearea
经济特区specialeconomiczone
计划经济plannedeconomy
市场经济marketeconomy
/
市场调节marketregulation
市场多元化marketdiversification
推动经贸合作toboosteconomicandtradecooperation
耐用消费品durableconsumergoods
年末促销year-endpromotion
团购groupbuying
垄断monopoly
垄断行业monopolyindustry
市场占有率marketshare
生产力,生产率productivity
—
经济增长放缓economicslowdown
金融组织financialinstitution
商业信誉commercialreputation
管理机制managementmechanism
国有企业state-ownedenterprises(SOEs)
集体企业collectively-owned(partnership)enterprises
私营企业privatebusiness
民营企业private-runbusiness
中小企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprises
民间资本privatecapital
~
民间投资privateinvestment
泡沫经济bubbleeconomy
经济过热overheatingofeconomy
通货膨胀inflation
实体经济therealeconomy
外汇储备充sufficientforeignexchangereserve
国内国际贸易domestic/internationaltraded
对外贸易foreigntrade
贸易条件termsoftrade
不公平竞争unfaircompetition
(
海关customs
关税customsduty
水货、走私货smuggledgoods
产品质量productquality
高度评价tospeakhighlyof
物美价廉competitivepriceandsuperiorquality
销量、销售额sales
存货、库存量stocks
改善服务toimproveservices
延长保修期toextendmaintenance
制造商、制造厂manufacturer
原材料rawmaterial
样品sample
大规模生产massproduction
年产量annualoutput
劳动力密集型产业laborintensiveindustry
知识密集型产业knowledgeintensiveindustry
工作歧视discrimination