LANChapter04.docx

LANChapter04.docx

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LANChapter04

Chapter4.ConfiguringtheCatalyst

Thischaptercoversthefollowingkeytopics:

∙Catalyst5000/6000CLISyntaxConventions— 

ProvidesthestandardCiscorepresentationforinterpretingcommandsadministeredonCatalystswitches.

∙Catalyst5000ConfigurationMethods— 

ProvidesinformationonhowtooperateundertheConsole,Telnet,andTFTPconfigurationmodesforCatalystconfiguration.

∙UsingtheCatalyst5000/6000Command-LineInterface— 

Describescommand-linerecall,editing,andhelpfortheCatalyst5000series.

∙Passwords— 

Providesdocumentationonhowtoset,change,andrecoverpasswordsfortheCatalyst5000/6000seriesofswitches.

∙ConfigurationFileManagement— 

DiscusseshowtostoreandrestoreconfigurationfilesonflashandTFTPserversforSupervisorI,II,andIIImodules.

∙ImageFileManagement— 

DescribeshowtotransferSupervisorI,II,andIIImodulesoftwareimages.

∙RedundantSupervisorModules— 

DiscusseshowtoimplementredundantSupervisormodulestoensuresystemoperationintheeventofamodulefailover.

∙ConfiguringOtherCatalysts— 

Providesaquickoverviewoftheconfigurationmethodsforthe1900/2800andthe3000seriesofCatalystswitches.

UsersfamiliarwithCiscoroutersexerciseacommandlineinterface（CLI）embeddedintheIOS.TheCLIcharacteristicsareseenacrossnearlyalloftherouterproductline.However,mostCatalystsCLIsdifferfromthosefoundonCiscorouters.Infact,theCatalystfamilyhasseveralCLIsbaseduponthemodelorigins.TheCatalyst4000/5000/6000seriesdiffersfromthe3000series,the1900,2800andthe8500series.ThischaptercomparesdifferencesbetweentherouterCLIandtheCatalyst4000/5000/6000family.Italsodescribesthecommandlineinterfaceincludingaspectslikecommandlinerecall,commandediting,uploadinganddownloadingcodeimagesandconfigurationfiles.AnoverviewofthemenudrivenconfigurationfortheotherCatalystsisaddressedinthelastsection,ConfiguringOtherCatalysts.ExamplesofconfiguringtheCatalyst8500seriesareincludedinChapter11,"Layer3Switching."Thisdealsprimarily,however,withthe"XDI"interfaceusedbytheCatalyst4000/5000/6000family.

Note

CiscofolklorehasitthatXDIisthenameofaUNIX-likekernelpurchasedforuseinequipmentthatevolvedintotheCatalyst4000,5000,and6000productsoftoday.TheXDICLIisoftenreferredtoas"CatOS."

TheCatalystproductfamilyevolutiondoesnothavethesamerootsastheCiscorouterproducts.Cisco'shistorybeginswiththedevelopmentofrouterstointerconnectnetworks.Astherouterfamilyincreased,anumberofdifferencesbetweentheearlymodelsandthelaterbecameevident.Particularlywiththereleaseof9.1x,thecommandlineinterfacevastlydifferedfortheIOS.ButtheIOSessentiallyretainedthesamelookandfeelafterthatpointacrossalloftherouterfamily.UsersoftheCatalystontheotherhandmayencountermultipleCLIsdependentuponthemodelused.ThisoccursnotbecauseCiscochangeditsmindonhowtopresenttheCLI,butbecausesomeoftheproductswereacquiredtechnologieswithapreviouslyinstalleduserbase.Forexample,someoftheCatalystssuchasthe1900and2800camefromGrandJunctionandhavetheirownconfigurationmethods.SomecomefromKalpana,suchastheCatalyst3000,anduseadifferentmenustructure.SomeweredevelopedbyCisco.Forexample,the8500andthe2900XL,anduseIOStypeconfigurations.TheCatalyst5000familyoriginatedwithCrescendo.WhenCiscoacquiredCrescendo,asignificantuserbasealreadyfamiliarwiththeXDI/CatOSconfigurationmodesexisted.TheCatalyst5000and6000seriesuseaCLIwhichdiffersfromalloftheothers.

ThischapterprovidesanoverviewforconfiguringtheCatalyst4000/5000/6000seriesproducts.TheCLIsyntaxandconventionsarecovered,alongwithcommandrecallandeditingmethods.Methodsforstoringandretrievingconfigurationfilesimagesarealsoexplained.Finally,configuringandmanagingredundantsupervisormodulesinaCatalyst5500/6000/6500arediscussed.

Catalyst5000/6000CLISyntaxConventions

Allwell-documentedequipmentusesastandardrepresentationforinterpretingcommands.TheCatalystisnoexception.Ciscodocumentshowtointerprettheprintedcommandsofitsdocumentation.Table4-1summarizesthecommandsyntaxconventionsusedintheCatalystdocumentationandinthisbook.

Table 4-1.CatalystSyntaxConventions

CommandPresentation

Interpretation

Boldface

Commandsandkeywordsthatareenteredliterallyasshownareinboldface.

Italic

Argumentsforwhichyousupplyvaluesareinitalics.

[]

Elementsinsquarebracketsareoptional.

{x|y|z}

Alternativerequiredkeywordsaregroupedinbracesandseparatedbyverticalbars.

[x|y|z]

Optionalalternativekeywordsaregroupedinbracketsandseparatedbyverticalbars.

String

Anonquotedsetofcharacters.Donotusequotationmarksaroundthestringorthestringwillincludethequotationmarks.

Catalyst5000ConfigurationMethods

WhenyouattempttologintotheCatalyst,theCatalystpresentsyouwithapasswordprompt.Ifyouenterthecorrectpassword,youentertheCatalyst'sNORMALmode.Normalmodeequatestoarouter'sUserEXECmodeallowingyoutoviewmostCatalystparameters,butnotauthorizinganyconfigurationchanges.Tomakechanges,youmustentertheCatalyst'sPRIVILEGEDmode.Theprivilegedmodefunctionallyequatestotherouter'sPRIVILEGEDEXECmode.Intheprivilegedmode,youcanviewconfigurationfilesandmakeconfigurationchanges.YouentertheCatalyst'sprivilegedmodewiththeenablecommand.TheCatalystthenpromptsforapassword.

YoucanaccesstheCatalystCLIthroughoneofthreemethods:

throughtheconsoleinterface,Telnet,orTrivialFileTransferProtocol（TFTP）.Thefollowingsectionsdetaileachaccessmethod.

Likearouter,commandsareadditive—addingconfigurationstatementstoanexistingfiledoesnotcompletelyoverwritetheexistingconfiguration.Supposeyouhaveanexistingconfigurationthatassignsports2/1-10toVLAN5.Ifyouaddaconfigurationthatassignsports2/1-5toVLAN5,butyoudonothingtoports2/6-10,2/6-10remaininVLAN5.TheabsenceoftheseportsinthenewVLANassignmentdoesnotremovethemfromVLAN5.If,however,theadditionalconfigurationincludesalinethatassignsports2/6-10toVLAN20,theymoveVLANmembership.

Afoolproofwayofensuringthatanewconfigurationcompletelyoverwritesanexistingfileistoenterclearconfigall（seeExample4-1）.IfyoucleartheconfigurationfromTelnetorTFTP,youdonotseethisoutput.Youonlyseethiswhendirectlyattachedtotheconsole.ThisCLIcommandreturnstheCatalystSupervisormoduletoitsdefaultconfigurationwhereallportsbelongtoVLAN1,thereisnoVTPdomain（explainedinChapter12,"VLANTrunkingProtocol"）,andallSpanningTreeparametersbacktodefaultvalues.Notealsothatenteringthiscommandclearstheconsole'sIPaddresstoo.Youcancleartheconfigurationwithanyoftheaccessmethods,butifyoudosowhileyouaccesstheCatalystthroughTelnet,youdisconnectfromtheCatalystbecausetheCatalystnolongerhasanIPaddresseither.

Example4-1clearconfigallOutput

Console>（enable）clearconfigUsage:

clearconfigallclearconfigclearconfigrmonConsole>（enable）clearconfigallThiscommandwillclearallconfigurationinNVRAM.ThiscommandwillcauseifIndextobereassignedonthenextsystemstartup.Doyouwanttocontinue（y/n）[n]?

y.…………………………….………..Systemconfigurationcleared.Use'session'commandtoclearATMorRouterspecificconfigurations.Console>（enable）

FromtheSupervisorconsole,orviaTelnet,youcancleartheCatalystconfigurationwiththeclearconfigallcommand.clearconfigallinExample4-1resetstheSupervisormoduletoitsdefaults.NotethatthiscommanddoesnotclearthefilesfortheATMLANEmodule,norfortheRSM（orMSMinaCatalyst6000）.ThisonlyaffectsthemodulesdirectlyconfiguredfromtheSupervisormodule.TocleartheconfigurationsontheATMorroutermodules,youneedtoaccessthemoduleswiththesessionmodule_numbercommand.ThiscommandperformstheequivalentofaninternalTelnettothemodulesothatyoucanmakeconfigurationchanges.TheATMandroutermodulesuseIOScommandstochange,save,andclearconfigurations.

Tip

ConfiguringtheCatalystthroughtheconsoleandthroughTelnetallowsyoutoentercommandsinrealtime,butonlyoneatatime.UnlikeCiscorouters,theCatalystimmediatelystorescommandsinnonvolatilerandom-accessmemory（NVRAM）anddoesnotrequireyoutoperformacopyrunstartlikearouter.AnycommandyoutypeinaCatalystisimmediatelyremembered,eventhroughapowercycle.Thispresentsachallengewhenreversingaseriesofcommands.Onarouter,youcanreverseaseriesofcommandswithreload,aslongasyoudidn'twritetherunningconfigurationintoNVRAM.

BeforemakingseriouschangestoaCatalyst,copytheconfigurationtoanelectronicnotepad.OntheCatalyst,usethecommandsetlength0toterminatethemorefunction,enablescreencaptureonyourdevice,andentershowconfigtocapturethecurrentconfiguration.Thenifyoudonotlikethechangesyoumadeandcannoteasilyreversethem,clearconfigallandreplaythecapturedconfigurationfiletolocallyrestorethestartingconfiguration.

ConsoleConfiguration

TheCatalyst5000seriesSupervisormodulehasonephysicalconsoleconnection.ForaSupervisorIoraSupervisorII,theconnectionisanEIA-23225-pinconnection.ForaSupervisorIIImodule,theconnectionisanRJ-45connector.MakesurethatyouknowwhichkindofSupervisormoduleyouareworking