英语四级参考问题详解含听力材料来源听力部分.docx
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英语四级参考问题详解含听力材料来源听力部分
1.NewsReport
Newsreport1
partsofScotlandcoveredbytheorangealerttoavoidtravelonWednesday,'thisiswhathesaidtous.Theorangewarningmayberaisedtoredinsomeareas.ThatisawarningforsnowthathasneverbeenseensincethemodernsystemcameintoplaceinScotland.Theorangewarninghasbeenextendeduntil6p.m.onThursday.Trains,planesandferriesarealsolikelytobeaffected,withwindchillthatcouldseepartsofBritainfeelingascoldas-15℃.Theheadofroadpolicingsaid,'Iwouldurgedriverstotakeextracareontheroadsfortheirjourneys.Driversshouldmakesuretheyarepreparedfortheirjourneywithwarmclothing,foodanddrink,sufficientfuelandachargedmobilephone.Therecouldbesignificanttrafficdelays,sopleasestarttoplanyourjourneynowtoconsiderifyoureallyneedtotravelonconditionsofthis…
Question1:
WhatwerepeopleatpartsofScotlandadvisedtodo?
定位句：
（1）ThetransportministeradvisepeopleinpartsofScotlandcoveredbytheorangealerttoavoidtravelonWednesday.
Question2:
Whatdidtheheadofroadpolicingurgedriverstodo?
定位句：
（2）Theheadofroadpolicingsaid,Iwouldurgedriverstotakeextracareontheroadsfortheirjourneys.Driversshouldmakesurethey'repreparedfortheirjourneywithwarmclothing,foodanddrink,sufficientfuelandachargedmobilephone.
◆【解读】
两题均为细节题，考察了动词原形的动宾短语，由于在选项形式上较为相似，增加了一定的难度。
在预判和听音过程中，注意留心时态的转变，即“新闻事件发生后〞尚未产生的动作〔措施、建议、目的等〕，做题时应重点关注动词与宾语的搭配与动词的同义替换。
此外，以上两题的动作发出者一为“people〞，二为“drivers〞，在预判时可通过选项中的关键词进展主语〔信号词〕的定位推断。
短篇新闻2：
罗马尼亚湿地
NewsReport2
Romania'swetlandsareingbacktolife,thankstohelpfromlocalmunities,theWorldWildlifeFundandfundingfromtheEuropeanUnion.Roughly2,224acresofthepicturesqueDanubeDelta–hometo300speciesofbirds–havefilledwithwildlife.Thelandhasbeenconnectedtothenetworkoflakesandstreamsinthearea.'Alotofbirdshavemigratedtotheareaandonedoesn'tneedtotravellonghoursanymoreorgotootherlakestowatchthebirds,'saysIonMeuta,DeputyMayorofMahmudia.TheareaaroundMahmudia,whichisaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,isthethird-mostbiodiverseintheworld,afterAustralia'sGreatBarrierReefandtheGalapagosIslands.Groupsusedearth-movingequipmenttorestorethewaterways.Governmentofficialsproposedtoprotectthearea'sendangeredwildfishbyissuingafishingbanoverthenextdecade.
3.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?
定位句：
Romania'swetlandsareingbacktolife,thankstohelpfromlocalmunities,theWorldWildlifeFundandfundingfromtheEuropeanUnion.
4.Whatdidgovernment'sofficialsproposetodotoprotecttheendangeredfish?
定位句：
Governmentofficialsproposedtoprotectthearea'sendangeredwildfishbyissuingafishingbanoverthenextdecade.
◆【解读】
前一题为主旨题。
听力新闻中但凡出现主旨题，定位均在前两句。
在预判时，需要留意比照选项中各个不同的主语和专有名词，由于此题选项较长，且为完整句子，听音时要保证视听一致划词的准确度，同时防止由于WorldWildlifeFund和EuropeanUnion等专有名词在复现比例中的干扰。
第二题为细节题，此处的issue在理解或替换上可能稍有难度，注意预判时结合时态来定位。
另外，decade一词在往年真题中出现过替换，要注意分辨。
短篇新闻3：
ScottDunn
NewsReport3
ScottDunn,recentlyawokefromamedically-inducedsleephe'dbeeninafteracaraccident.Hewasheartbrokenafterrealizinghe'dmissedhishighschoolgraduation.Hisclassmatesdecidedtogivehimasecondchance.ItwasjustamonthagothatEastJuniataHighSchoolseniorsmetintheschool'sauditoriumforgraduation.Andlastweek,theydiditagain.Scott'scaraccidentwasonMay22nd,just3daysbeforetheceremony."Irememberwakingupinthehospitalandaskingmom,'Whatdayitwas',shetoldmeitwasthe28th."Hesaid,"Ilookedatherandsaid,‘Imissedmygraduation."Theschool'sprincipal,Mr.Fausey,calledScott'smomKarenandsaidthateverybodywantstodosomethingspecialforhim.Studentsworetheircapsandgownsandsatinthefrontoftheauditorium.Scott'sparents,KarenandScottSenior,satfrontandcenter.Afterbriefspeeches,Scott'snamewascalled,onlyScott'sname.Hewalkedacrossthestageastheaudiencecheered.Agraduationforone."I'mspeechless,"Scottsaid."Idon’tknowhowtoevenexplainit.I'mspeechlesstoknowthatsomanypeoplearebehindme."
Question5:
WhathappenedtoScotamonthago?
定位句：
ItwasjustamonthagothatEastJuniataHighSchoolseniorsmetintheschool'sauditoriumforgraduation.
Question6:
WhatdidScotaskaboutwhenheregainedconsciousness?
定位句：
"Irememberwakingupinthehospitalandaskingmom,'Whatdayitwas
Question7:
WhywasScotspeechlessatthegraduationceremony?
定位句：
I'mspeechlesstoknowthatsomanypeoplearebehindme."
◆【解读】
第一题为主旨题，借助人称代词的定位，此题不难通过选项中的He和过去时态来猜想，提问为发生在男性身上过去的事，主要听男性出场时间。
此外，选项中的highschoolgraduation一词不容易出现替换，因而可以作为定位词。
第二题为细节题，选项均为疑问词开头，由于疑问词依旧不容易出现替换，此题听到疑问词即可定位，然后判断其余成分的对应关系。
第三题考查了同义替换，由于选项的各个成分差异较大，此题听到选项中任何一个成分，均可以直接验证剩余局部是否复现或有被替换。
本体的难点在于对behind一词的理解。
2.LongConversation
长对话1：
在家办公
Conversation1
M：
Howdoyoulikeyournewflexibleworkinarrangement?
Doyouenjoyworkingfromhome?
W：
Yesandno,Ifindanisolationchallengingattimes,apartfrommymother,nottoomanypeopleIknow,havetimeforphonechatduringworkinghour.ItriedthelibrarybutfoundIwasn’treallykeenonworkingthere.
M：
No,neitherwouldI.Ifindthelibraryabittooquiet.I’dlackinspirationorstimulation,whichwouldbecounter-productivetogettingalotofworkdone.
W：
Ifoundthesamething.So,lately,I’vebeengoingouttoCafesoccasionally,Ilovethenoise,thepeople,thebusynessofaCafé,thesenseofbeingoutintheworld.
M:
Coffeeshopsseemtohaveaffectivelybeeoffspacesforsomanypeopleinthisdigitalage.ThoughI’mnotsurehowCaféownersfeelaboutit-havingsomanypeoplewhogotothatplacestoworkratherthandrinkandeat.
W：
Yes,somepeopleseemtospendalotoftimethereandnotordermuch.ThemostannoyingoneforCaféownersmusttrulybethose,usuallyonlytwoofthem,whooccupyatableforsixwiththeirlaptopsandpaperwork.
M：
Theyshouldsitatatablefortwo,notthetableforsix.Someobviouslystaysolong,theyneedtoplugthelaptopsintoapoweradapter.Inearlytrippedoversomeone’sputerelectricalleadtheotherdayinmylocalcafé.
W：
It’sadouble-edgedsword,nodoubtaboutthat,foraCaféowner.Whileremoteworkershelptokeepthecaféfullinquiettimes,theycantakeupvaluabletablespaceandbusyperiod.
8.Whatdoesthewomansayisthedisadvantageofworkingfromhome?
定位句：
Ifindanisolationchallengingattimes,apartfrommymother,nottoomanypeopleIknow,havetimeforphonechatduringworkinghour.
9.Whatdoesthemansayiscounter-productivetogettingworkdoneinthelibrary?
定位句：
Ifindthelibraryabittooquiet.I’dlackinspirationorstimulation,whichwouldbecounter-productivetogettingalotofworkdone.
10.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutdoingone’sworkinacafé?
定位句：
Ilovethenoise,thepeople,thebusynessofaCafé,thesenseofbeingoutintheworld.
11.Whatismostannoyingforcaféownersaccordingtothewoman?
定位句：
somepeopleseemtospendalotoftimethereandnotordermuch.ThemostannoyingoneforCaféownersmusttrulybethose,usuallyonlytwoofthem,whooccupyatableforsixwiththeirlaptopsandpaperwork.
长对话2：
离职
Conversation2
W:
I’mgoingtostartworkingforanotherjob.Ican’tseemyselfgettinganopportunitytoprogressonmypanyanytimeinthenearfuture.AndIreallythinkmyskillsandabilitiesdeserveahighersalary.
M:
Youarenotgoingtoquit,areyou?
W:
I’mthinkingImightaswell.ThenIcandevotemoretimeandenergytofindmeabetterpositionatanotherpany.
M:
Butyou’vebeeninyourpresentpanylessthantwoyears,haven’tyou?
Thiswouldbethethirdtimeyou’veleftyourjobinthelastfiveyears.Ifyoudoseveraljobsinarelativelyshortspanoftime,perspectiveemployersmightseethatyoulackloyalty.Thatcouldmakethemworryandreluctanttoemployyou.
W:
Unfortunately,loyaltydoesn’tpay.EvenifIgetapromotionatmypany,it’slikelytobelesssizeablethanifIweretogetajobelsewhere.AndevenifIgetapromotion,I’mnotguaranteedtogetaraise.IhadthatexperienceatanotherpanyIworkedup.
M:
Theywantyoutotakeonmoreworkandresponsibilitybutforthesameamountofmoney?
W:
Moreorless,yes.ThewayIseeit,throughhavingdifferentjobs,I’vegotalotofexperience,anddifferentjobsandindifferentindustries.
M:
Butpotentialemployersmightworryaboutthatexperienceisnotdeep,orthoroughenough.
W:
Perhaps,butIfeelprettyconfidentthatIcansellmyself.Youknowwhattheysay,fortunefavorsthebrave.
Q12:
Whatmakesthewomanthinkaboutchangingherjob?
定位句：
Ican’tseemyselfgettinganopportunitytoprogressonmypanyanytimeinthenearfuture.
Q13:
Whatdoesthemansayaboutpeoplewhokeepchangingtheirjobs?
定位句：
Ifyoudoseveraljobsinarelativelyshortspanoftime,perspectiveemployersmightseethatyoulackloyalty.Thatcouldmakethemworryandreluctanttoemployyou.
Q14:
Whatdoesthewomansaywouldhappenevenifshegotpromotedinhercurrentpany?
定位句：
EvenifIgetapromotionatmypany,it’slikelytobelesssizeablethanifIweretogetajobelsewhere.AndevenifIgetapromotion,I’mnotguaranteedtogetaraise.
Q15:
Whatbenefithasthewomangainfromchangingherjobsfrequently?
定位句：
throughhavingdifferentjobs,I’vegotalotofexperience,anddifferentjobsandindifferentindustries.
3.Passage
听力篇章1：
孤独感
Passageone
Thereisasayingthatgoessomethingalongthelinesof‘Youmustloveyourselffirstbeforeyoucanlovesomeoneelse.’Similarly,Ipersonallybelievethatyoumustbefortableandhappyinyourownpanybeforeyoucantrulyb
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