Quizforlinguistics习题集汇总整编含规范标准答案.docx

Quizforlinguistics习题集汇总整编含规范标准答案.docx

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Quizforlinguistics习题集汇总整编含规范标准答案

Quizforlinguistics:

Chapter1:

LinguisticsandLanguage

语言和语言学

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfunctionoflanguage?

a.Interpersonalfunctionb.Performativefunction

c.Informativefunctiond.Recreationalfunction

2.______studiesspeechsounds,includingtheproductionofspeech,thesoundsofspeech,thedescriptionandclassificationofspeechsounds,wordsandconnectedspeech,etc..

a.Phonologyb.Phoneticsc.Morphologyd.Pragmatics

3.______functionreferstoexpressionsthathelpdefineandmaintaininterpersonalrelations.

a.Performativeb.Interpersonalc.Phaticd.Metalingual

4.______meansthepropertyofhavingtwolevelsofstructures,suchthatunitsoftheprimarylevelarecomposedofelementsofthesecondarylevelandeachofthetwolevelshasitsownprinciplesoforganization.

a.Creativityb.Dualityc.Arbitrarinessd.Displacement

5.By______itmeansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhicharepresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinthepast,present,orfuture,orinfar-awayplaces.

a.arbitrarinessb.dualityc.creativityd.displacement

6.______distinguishesthelinguisticcompetenceofthespeakerandtheactualproductionofspeeches.

a.Chomskyb.Saussurec.Gilmand.Brown

7.______referstotheactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations.

a.Competenceb.Performancec.Eloquenced.Action

8.______isthestudyofthecharacteristicsoflanguagevarieties,thecharacteristicsoftheirfunctionsandthecharacteristicsoftheirspeakersasthesethreeconstantlyinteractandchangewithinaspeechcommunity.

a.Psycholinguisticsb.Sociolinguistics

c.Anthropologicallinguisticsd.Computationallinguistics

9.______studiestherulesgoverningthecombinationofwordsintosentences.

a.Pragmaticsb.Semanticsc.Syntaxd.Phonetics

10.______isabranchoflinguisticsconcernedinprinciplewiththephysicalrepresentationoflanguageorlinguisticprocessesinthebrain.

a.Anthropologicallinguisticsb.Psychologicallinguistics

c.Computationallinguisticsd.Neurolinguistics

11.Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis______（大纲样题）

a.morphologyb.generallinguisticsc.phonologyd.semantics

12.Syntaxisthestudyof______.（2005年真题）

a.languagefunctionb.sentencestructuresc.textualorganizationd.wordformation

13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeatureofhumanlanguage?

（2005年真题）

a.arbitrarinessb.productivityc.culturaltransmissiond.finiteness

14.Thedistinctionbetweenparoleandlanguewasmadeby______.（2006年真题）

a.Hallidayb.Chomskyc.Bloomfieldd.Saussure

15.______referstothestudyoftheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesofwordformation.（2007年真题）

a.Phonologyb.Morphologyc.Semanticsd.Sociolinguistics

16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?

（2008年真题）

a.Arbitrarinessb.Displacementc.Dualityd.Diachronicity

17.Thestudyofthementalprocessesoflanguagecomprehensionandproductionis______.

（2009年真题）

a.corpuslinguisticsb.sociolinguisticsc.theoreticallinguisticsd.pysholinguistics

18.Languageisatoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“HighwayClosed”onahighwayserves______.（2010年真题）

a.anexpressivefunction.b.aninformativefunction.

c.aperformativefunction.d.apersuasivefunction.

19.______isdefinedasthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmind.（2011年真题）

a.Semanticsb.Pragmaticsc.Cognitivelinguisticsd.Sociolinguistics

20.Saussuredistinguishesthelinguisticcompetenceofthespeakeras____

a.parole　b.language　c.system　　d.langue

语音学

1.______isthestudyofthephysicalpropertiesofthesoundsproducedinspeech.

a.Acousticphoneticsb.Articulatoryphonetics

c.Auditoryphoneticsd.Pragmatics

2.When______isproduced,completeclosureofthearticulatorsisinvolvedsothattheairstreamcannotescapethroughthemouth.

a.fricativeb.stopc.affricated.lateral

3.Intheproductionofvowels,airis______asisthecasewithconsonants.

a.notobstructedb.obstructedc.semi-obstructedd.half-obstructed

4.Theideaofestablishingaphoneticalphabetwasfirstproposedbythe______grammarianOttoJespersenin1886.

a.Englishb.Americanc.Danishd.French

5.ThepresentsystemoftheIPAderivesmainlyfromonedevelopedinthe______bytheBritishphonetician,DanielJonesandhiscolleaguesatUniversityofLondon.

a.1910sb.1920sc.1930sd.1940s

6.Tobespecific,______dealswithhowspeechsoundsareproduced.

a.articulatoryphoneticsb.acousticphonetics

c.auditoryphoneticsd.phonologicalphonetics

7.Allthefollowingarethedescriptionof[P]EXCEPT______.

a.stopb.bilabialc.alveolard.consonant

8.Ifasinglemovementfromoneelementtoasecondelementofthetongueisinvolved,thecombinevowelsarecalled______.

a.monophthongsb.triphthongsc.cardinalvowelsd.diphthongs

9.ThemostfamouscardinalvowelsystemputforwardbyDanielJonesdefines______primarycardinalvowels.

a.7b.8c.9d.10

10.ThefollowingsbelongtoaffricatesEXCEPT______.

a.[ts]b.[l]c.[D]d.[tr]

11.Accordingtothepartofthetonguewhichisraised,thevowelscanbedividedintothefollowingthreekinds,EXCEPTfor______.

a.frontb.middlec.centrald.back

12.AvowelisdifferentfromaconsonantinEnglishbecauseof_______.（2011年真题）

a.absenceofobstructionb.presenceofobstruction

c.mannerofarticulationd.placeofarticulation

13.Iftheairstreammeetswithnoobstructionwhenasoundispronounced,itisa（n）______.

a.voicedconsonantb.voicelessconsonantc.voweld.explosive

14.Theinternationallyacceptedsystemofphonetictranscriptionis______.

a.I.P.A　　b.I.A.P.S　　c.I.S.S　　d.S.S.I.P

音位学

1.______referstotwowordsinalanguagewhichdifferfromeachotherbyonlyonedistinctivesound（onephoneme）andwhichalsodifferinmeaning.

a.Ahonemeb.Aminimalpairc.Allophoned.Freevariation

2.Phonologyisthestudyof______.

a.howspeechsoundsaremadeb.thesoundsystemoflanguages

c.speechsoundsaretransmittedd.howspeechsoundsarereceived

3.ThefollowingaretheprinciplesuprasegmentalfeaturesEXCEPT_______.

a.syllableb.stressc.toned.phoneme

4.WhichaspectdoesNOTbelongtothephonologicalprocess?

a.Asetofsoundstoundergotheprocess

b.Asetofsoundsproducedbytheprocess

c.Thelengthofthesoundsintheprocess

d.Asetofsituationsinwhichtheprocessapplies

5.______referstothesoundwhichiscapableofdistinguishingonewordoroneshapeofwordfromanotherinagivenlanguage.

a.Phoneb.Allophonec.Phonemed.Morpheme

6.Theopensyllablereferstothesyllablethathasno______.

a.codab.onsetc.nucleusd.rhyme

7.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinwhatwecalltonelanguages.Whichofthefollowingistonelanguage?

a.Englishb.Chinese

c.bothEnglishandChinesed.NeitherEnglishnorChinese

8.Iftwophoneticallysimilarsoundsaretwodistinctivephonemes,theyaresaidtoforma______.

a.minimalpairb.complementarydistribution

c.phonemiccontrastd.minimalset

9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeatureinEnglishphonology?

a.aspirationb.plosivenessc.bilabialityd.voicelessness

形态学

1.______isaunitthatcannotbedividedintosmallerunitswithoutdestroyingordrasticallyalteringthemeaning,whetheritislexicalorgrammatical.

a.Phonemeb.Morphemec.Lexemed.Phone

2.Thewordssuchasdog,nationandcloseare______.

a.affixesb.freemorphemesc.boundmorphemesd.compounds

3.Thewordssuchas“smog”and”brunch”arecalled______.

a.abbreviationb.acronymc.back-formationd.blending

4.Forexample,thewordbeadoriginallymeans“prayer”,butlateritrefersto“theprayerbead”,andfinally“small,ball-shapedpieceofglass,metalorwood”.Itiscalled______.

a.meaningshiftb.broadeningc.narrowingd.borrowing

5.“Kodak”isa/an______.

a.acronymb.blendingc.coinaged.clipping

6.Nouns,verbs,adjectives,andadverbsare______.

a.grammaticalwords

b.lexicalwords

c.bothgrammaticalwordsandlexicalwords

d.neithergrammaticalwordsnorlexicalwords

7.Pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,andarticlesare______.

a.open-classwords

b.closed-classwords

c.bothopen-classwordsandclosedwords

d.neitheropen-classnorclosed-classwords

8.Intermsof______,wordscanbedividedintoclosed-classwordsandopen-classwords.

a.meaningb.variabilityc.qualityd.membership

9._____referstoanymorphemesorcombinationofmorphemestowhichaninflectionalaffixcanbeadded.Itcanbeequivalenttoaroot,orarootandaderivationalaffix.

a.affixb.rootc.stemd.suffix

10.Inthefollowingwordsfoot/feet,goose/geese,theaffixesbelongto______.

a.suffixb.infixc.prefixd.root

11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacompoundword?

（大纲样题）

a.Landladyb.Greenhousec.Upliftd.Unacceptable

12.Thewordholidayoriginallymeant“holyday”;butnowthewordsignifies“anydayonwhichwedon’thavetowork”.Thisisanexampleof______.（大纲样题）

a.meaningshiftb.wideningofmeaning

c.narrowingofmeaningd.lossofmeaning

13.Theword“motel”comesfrom“motor+hotel”.Thisisa