Quizforlinguistics习题集汇总整编含规范标准答案.docx
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Quizforlinguistics习题集汇总整编含规范标准答案
Quizforlinguistics:
Chapter1:
LinguisticsandLanguage
语言和语言学
1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfunctionoflanguage?
a.Interpersonalfunctionb.Performativefunction
c.Informativefunctiond.Recreationalfunction
2.______studiesspeechsounds,includingtheproductionofspeech,thesoundsofspeech,thedescriptionandclassificationofspeechsounds,wordsandconnectedspeech,etc..
a.Phonologyb.Phoneticsc.Morphologyd.Pragmatics
3.______functionreferstoexpressionsthathelpdefineandmaintaininterpersonalrelations.
a.Performativeb.Interpersonalc.Phaticd.Metalingual
4.______meansthepropertyofhavingtwolevelsofstructures,suchthatunitsoftheprimarylevelarecomposedofelementsofthesecondarylevelandeachofthetwolevelshasitsownprinciplesoforganization.
a.Creativityb.Dualityc.Arbitrarinessd.Displacement
5.By______itmeansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhicharepresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinthepast,present,orfuture,orinfar-awayplaces.
a.arbitrarinessb.dualityc.creativityd.displacement
6.______distinguishesthelinguisticcompetenceofthespeakerandtheactualproductionofspeeches.
a.Chomskyb.Saussurec.Gilmand.Brown
7.______referstotheactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations.
a.Competenceb.Performancec.Eloquenced.Action
8.______isthestudyofthecharacteristicsoflanguagevarieties,thecharacteristicsoftheirfunctionsandthecharacteristicsoftheirspeakersasthesethreeconstantlyinteractandchangewithinaspeechcommunity.
a.Psycholinguisticsb.Sociolinguistics
c.Anthropologicallinguisticsd.Computationallinguistics
9.______studiestherulesgoverningthecombinationofwordsintosentences.
a.Pragmaticsb.Semanticsc.Syntaxd.Phonetics
10.______isabranchoflinguisticsconcernedinprinciplewiththephysicalrepresentationoflanguageorlinguisticprocessesinthebrain.
a.Anthropologicallinguisticsb.Psychologicallinguistics
c.Computationallinguisticsd.Neurolinguistics
11.Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis______(大纲样题)
a.morphologyb.generallinguisticsc.phonologyd.semantics
12.Syntaxisthestudyof______.(2005年真题)
a.languagefunctionb.sentencestructuresc.textualorganizationd.wordformation
13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeatureofhumanlanguage?
(2005年真题)
a.arbitrarinessb.productivityc.culturaltransmissiond.finiteness
14.Thedistinctionbetweenparoleandlanguewasmadeby______.(2006年真题)
a.Hallidayb.Chomskyc.Bloomfieldd.Saussure
15.______referstothestudyoftheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesofwordformation.(2007年真题)
a.Phonologyb.Morphologyc.Semanticsd.Sociolinguistics
16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?
(2008年真题)
a.Arbitrarinessb.Displacementc.Dualityd.Diachronicity
17.Thestudyofthementalprocessesoflanguagecomprehensionandproductionis______.
(2009年真题)
a.corpuslinguisticsb.sociolinguisticsc.theoreticallinguisticsd.pysholinguistics
18.Languageisatoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“HighwayClosed”onahighwayserves______.(2010年真题)
a.anexpressivefunction.b.aninformativefunction.
c.aperformativefunction.d.apersuasivefunction.
19.______isdefinedasthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmind.(2011年真题)
a.Semanticsb.Pragmaticsc.Cognitivelinguisticsd.Sociolinguistics
20.Saussuredistinguishesthelinguisticcompetenceofthespeakeras____
a.parole b.language c.system d.langue
语音学
1.______isthestudyofthephysicalpropertiesofthesoundsproducedinspeech.
a.Acousticphoneticsb.Articulatoryphonetics
c.Auditoryphoneticsd.Pragmatics
2.When______isproduced,completeclosureofthearticulatorsisinvolvedsothattheairstreamcannotescapethroughthemouth.
a.fricativeb.stopc.affricated.lateral
3.Intheproductionofvowels,airis______asisthecasewithconsonants.
a.notobstructedb.obstructedc.semi-obstructedd.half-obstructed
4.Theideaofestablishingaphoneticalphabetwasfirstproposedbythe______grammarianOttoJespersenin1886.
a.Englishb.Americanc.Danishd.French
5.ThepresentsystemoftheIPAderivesmainlyfromonedevelopedinthe______bytheBritishphonetician,DanielJonesandhiscolleaguesatUniversityofLondon.
a.1910sb.1920sc.1930sd.1940s
6.Tobespecific,______dealswithhowspeechsoundsareproduced.
a.articulatoryphoneticsb.acousticphonetics
c.auditoryphoneticsd.phonologicalphonetics
7.Allthefollowingarethedescriptionof[P]EXCEPT______.
a.stopb.bilabialc.alveolard.consonant
8.Ifasinglemovementfromoneelementtoasecondelementofthetongueisinvolved,thecombinevowelsarecalled______.
a.monophthongsb.triphthongsc.cardinalvowelsd.diphthongs
9.ThemostfamouscardinalvowelsystemputforwardbyDanielJonesdefines______primarycardinalvowels.
a.7b.8c.9d.10
10.ThefollowingsbelongtoaffricatesEXCEPT______.
a.[ts]b.[l]c.[D]d.[tr]
11.Accordingtothepartofthetonguewhichisraised,thevowelscanbedividedintothefollowingthreekinds,EXCEPTfor______.
a.frontb.middlec.centrald.back
12.AvowelisdifferentfromaconsonantinEnglishbecauseof_______.(2011年真题)
a.absenceofobstructionb.presenceofobstruction
c.mannerofarticulationd.placeofarticulation
13.Iftheairstreammeetswithnoobstructionwhenasoundispronounced,itisa(n)______.
a.voicedconsonantb.voicelessconsonantc.voweld.explosive
14.Theinternationallyacceptedsystemofphonetictranscriptionis______.
a.I.P.A b.I.A.P.S c.I.S.S d.S.S.I.P
音位学
1.______referstotwowordsinalanguagewhichdifferfromeachotherbyonlyonedistinctivesound(onephoneme)andwhichalsodifferinmeaning.
a.Ahonemeb.Aminimalpairc.Allophoned.Freevariation
2.Phonologyisthestudyof______.
a.howspeechsoundsaremadeb.thesoundsystemoflanguages
c.speechsoundsaretransmittedd.howspeechsoundsarereceived
3.ThefollowingaretheprinciplesuprasegmentalfeaturesEXCEPT_______.
a.syllableb.stressc.toned.phoneme
4.WhichaspectdoesNOTbelongtothephonologicalprocess?
a.Asetofsoundstoundergotheprocess
b.Asetofsoundsproducedbytheprocess
c.Thelengthofthesoundsintheprocess
d.Asetofsituationsinwhichtheprocessapplies
5.______referstothesoundwhichiscapableofdistinguishingonewordoroneshapeofwordfromanotherinagivenlanguage.
a.Phoneb.Allophonec.Phonemed.Morpheme
6.Theopensyllablereferstothesyllablethathasno______.
a.codab.onsetc.nucleusd.rhyme
7.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinwhatwecalltonelanguages.Whichofthefollowingistonelanguage?
a.Englishb.Chinese
c.bothEnglishandChinesed.NeitherEnglishnorChinese
8.Iftwophoneticallysimilarsoundsaretwodistinctivephonemes,theyaresaidtoforma______.
a.minimalpairb.complementarydistribution
c.phonemiccontrastd.minimalset
9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeatureinEnglishphonology?
a.aspirationb.plosivenessc.bilabialityd.voicelessness
形态学
1.______isaunitthatcannotbedividedintosmallerunitswithoutdestroyingordrasticallyalteringthemeaning,whetheritislexicalorgrammatical.
a.Phonemeb.Morphemec.Lexemed.Phone
2.Thewordssuchasdog,nationandcloseare______.
a.affixesb.freemorphemesc.boundmorphemesd.compounds
3.Thewordssuchas“smog”and”brunch”arecalled______.
a.abbreviationb.acronymc.back-formationd.blending
4.Forexample,thewordbeadoriginallymeans“prayer”,butlateritrefersto“theprayerbead”,andfinally“small,ball-shapedpieceofglass,metalorwood”.Itiscalled______.
a.meaningshiftb.broadeningc.narrowingd.borrowing
5.“Kodak”isa/an______.
a.acronymb.blendingc.coinaged.clipping
6.Nouns,verbs,adjectives,andadverbsare______.
a.grammaticalwords
b.lexicalwords
c.bothgrammaticalwordsandlexicalwords
d.neithergrammaticalwordsnorlexicalwords
7.Pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,andarticlesare______.
a.open-classwords
b.closed-classwords
c.bothopen-classwordsandclosedwords
d.neitheropen-classnorclosed-classwords
8.Intermsof______,wordscanbedividedintoclosed-classwordsandopen-classwords.
a.meaningb.variabilityc.qualityd.membership
9._____referstoanymorphemesorcombinationofmorphemestowhichaninflectionalaffixcanbeadded.Itcanbeequivalenttoaroot,orarootandaderivationalaffix.
a.affixb.rootc.stemd.suffix
10.Inthefollowingwordsfoot/feet,goose/geese,theaffixesbelongto______.
a.suffixb.infixc.prefixd.root
11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacompoundword?
(大纲样题)
a.Landladyb.Greenhousec.Upliftd.Unacceptable
12.Thewordholidayoriginallymeant“holyday”;butnowthewordsignifies“anydayonwhichwedon’thavetowork”.Thisisanexampleof______.(大纲样题)
a.meaningshiftb.wideningofmeaning
c.narrowingofmeaningd.lossofmeaning
13.Theword“motel”comesfrom“motor+hotel”.Thisisa