《英语语言学概论》题与答案.docx
《《英语语言学概论》题与答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《英语语言学概论》题与答案.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
《英语语言学概论》题与答案
Exercises
I.MultipleChoice
1.__________studieslanguagechangeovertimeincontrasttolookingatlanguageasitisusedatagivenmoment.
A.Diachroniclinguistics
B.Synchroniclinguistics
C.Prescriptivelinguistics
D.Comparativelinguistics
2.Ofallthespeechorgans,the______is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouth
!
B.lips
C.tongue
D.vocalcords
3.Intermsofplaceofarticulation,thefollowingsounds[p],[b],[m]and[w]sharethefeatureof______.
A.palatal
B.alveolar
C.bilabial
D.dental
4.A（n）______isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue. Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.
A.phone
B.sound
）
C.allophone
D.phoneme
5.Whichofthefollowingsounddescriptionisfor[d]
A.voicedlabiodentalfricative
B.voicedalveolarstop
C.voicelesslabiodentalfricative
D.voicelessalveolarstop
6.Whatisthephoneticfeatureofthesound[u]
A.closebackshort
B.semi-closefrontshort
。
C.semi-opencentralshort
D.openfrontshort
7.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainaderivationalaffix
A.Thecowsescaped.
B.Itwasraining.
C.Thosesocksareinexpensive.
D.Sheclosedthebook.
8.Themorpheme“ed”intheword“worked”isknownasa（n）______.
A.derivationalmorpheme
B.lexicalmorpheme
"
C.inflectionalmorpheme
D.functionalmorpheme
9.“en-”in“enlarge”isa（n）______.
A.derivationalaffix
B.inflectionalaffix
C.freeroot
D.boundroot
10.______isthesmallestunitoflanguagethatcarriesinformationaboutmeaningorfunction.
A.Syntax
B.Grammar
\
C.Morphology
D.Morpheme
11.WhichofthefollowingformsispossiblewordofEnglish
A.sproke
B.bsarn
C.mbood
D.coofp
12.Whichpairofwordsbelowshowstherelationofantonymy.______
A.flourish—thrive
B.intelligent—stupid
【
C.casual—informal
D.flog—whip
13.Wecalltherelationbetween“furniture”and“wardrobe”as______.
A.hyponymy
B.meronymy
C.homophony
D.homonymy
14.MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCPgiveriseto______.
A.breakdownofconversation
B.confusionofone’sintention
;
C.hostilitybetweenspeakersandthelisteners
D.conversationalimplicatures
15.Inthephrasestructurerule“S——>NPVP”,thearrowcanbereadas______.
A.isequalto
B.consistsof
C.has
D.generates
16.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis______.
A.lexical
B.morpheme
）
C.grammatical
D.semantic
17.Thepairofwords“hot”and“cold”are______.
A.gradableantonyms
B.relationalantonyms
C.complementaryantonyms
D.co-hyponyms
18.Whichpairofthefollowingarecomplementaryantonyms
A.alive/dead
B.above/below
-
C.poor/rich
D.doctor/patient
19.Whatistherelationbetweenthepairofsentences:
Helikesseafood.
Helikescrabs
A.synonymy
B.inconsistency
C.entailment
D.presupposition
20.Whichpairofthefollowingarehomographs
"
A.piecen./peacen.
B.tearv./tearn.
C.fastadj./fastv.
D.flowern./rosen.
21.Whichpairofthefollowingaredialectalsynonyms
A.lorry,truck
B.kid,child
C.collaborator,accomplice
D.amaze,astound
22.“Lift”and“elevator”formapairof______synonyms.
（
A.stylistic
B.dialectical
C.collocational
D.connotative
15.Allsyllablesmusthavea______.
A.onset
B.coda
C.nucleus
D.consonant
23.______studieslanguageandspeechastheyareusedatagivenmomentandnotintermsofhowtheyhaveevolvedovertime.
、
A.Diachroniclinguistics
B.Synchroniclinguistics
C.Prescriptivelinguistics
D.Comparativelinguistics
24.______dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.
A.Psycholinguistics
B.Sociolinguistics
C.Appliedlinguistics
D.Comparativelinguistics
25.Ofthefollowingsoundcombination,only______ispermissibleinEnglish.
#
A.iblk
B.ilbk
C.ilkb
D.blik
26.Whichpairofwordsbelowshowstherelationofsynonymy.______
A.drunk—sober
B.uncle—aunt
C.young—old
D.casual—informal
27.Thesenserelationshipbetween“HehasbeentoFrance”and“HehasbeentoEurope”is______.
（
A.hyponymy
B.antonymy
C.presupposition
D.entailment
28.Inthephrasestructurerule“NP—>（Det）N（PP）…”,thearrowcanbereadas______.
A.isequalto
B.branchesinto
C.transforms
D.generates
29.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation,thefollowingsounds[t][r][s][l][z][n]sharethefeatureof______.
"
A.palatal
B.alveolar
C.bilabial
D.dental
30.Y’sutteranceinthefollowingconversationviolatesthemaximof______.
X:
WhenisSusan’sfarewellparty
Y:
Sometimenextmonth.
A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
D.…
E.manner
31.Ofthethreespeechacts,linguistsaremostinterestedinthe______becausethiskindofspeechactisidenticalwiththespeaker’sintention.
A.locutionaryact
B.constativeact
C.perlocutionaryact
D.illocutionaryact
32.Wecalltherelationbetween“vehicle”and“car”as______.
A.hyponymy
B.synonymy
C.polysemy
}
D.homonymy
33.Whichofthefollowingpairsdiffersfromtheothersinthesenserelation______
A.good,bad
B.long,short
C.big,small
D.innocent,guilty
34.Asfarasmannersofarticulationareconcerned,whichofthefollowing
differsfromtheothers______
A.[p]
B.[b]
…
C.[t]
D.[f]
35.Whichpairofthefollowingbelongtomeronymy
A.animal,tiger
B.hand,finger
C.livestock,dog
D.furniture,dresser
36.“-En”in“blacken”isa（n）______.
A.derivationalaffix
B.inflectionalaffix
;
C.freeroot
D.boundroot
37.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic______ofsentences.
A.form
B.structure
C.meaning
D.soundpattern
38.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled____.
A.commissives
B.directives
B.|
C.expressives
D.declaratives
39.Theillocutionarypointofthe____istoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecifiedintheutterance.
A.declarations
B.expressives
B.commissives
D.directives
40.Y’sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof______.
X:
Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight？
Y:
Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks？
A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
@
D.manner
II.Blankfilling
1.Productivityor___referstoman’slinguisticabilitywhichenableshimtoproduceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentencesinournativelanguage,includingthesentenceswhichwereneverheardbefore.
2.Someantonymsaregradable_becausethereareoftenintermediateformsbetweenthetwomembersofapair.
3.Dualityisthewaymeaninglesselementsoflanguageatonelevel（soundsandletters）combinetoformmeaningfulunits（words）atanotherlevel.
4.Accordingtoitspositioninthenewword,affixesaredividedintotwokinds:
prefixesandsuffixes.
5.Phonologicalrulesthatgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguagearecalledsequentialrules.
6.Root_constitutesthecoreofthewordandcarriesthemajorcomponentofitsmeaning.
7.Asuffixisaddedtotheendofstemstomodifythemeaningoftheoriginalwordanditmaychangeitspartofspeech.
8.Intermsofmorphemicanalysis,derivationcanbeviewedastheadditionofaffixestostemstoformnewwords.
9.'
10.Somemorphemescannotnormallystandalone,butfunctiononlyaspartsofwords,.–s,-er,-edand–ing,whicharecalledbound______morphemes.
11.Whenpitch,stressandsoundlengtharetiedtothesentenceratherthanthewordinisolation,theyarecollectivelyknownasintonation.
12.Lanuguge_isasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.
13.Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.Langue_referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.
14.Broadtranscriptionisnormallyusedindictionaryandteaching
textbooksforgeneralpurposes.
15.Theroot_constitutesthecoreofthewordandcarriesthemajor
componentofitsmeaning.
16.Prefixesmodifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethe
partofspeechoftheoriginalword.
】
16.Displacementisadesignfeatureofhumanlanguagethatenablesspeakers
totalkaboutawiderangeofthings,freefrombarrierscausedbyseparation
intimeandspace.
17.Anindependentunitofmeaningthatcanbeusedfreelybyitselfiscalled
afree_morpheme.
18.Clear[l]anddark[l]areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/l/.Theynever
takethesamepositioninsoundcombinations;thustheyaresaidtobein
complementarydistribution.
19.Stemisthebasetowhichoneormoreaffixesareattachedtocreatea
morecomplexformthatmaybeanotherstemoraword.
20.*
21.Morphemeisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.
twosounds[p]and[ph]areincomplementarydistribution,andtheyareknownasallophonesofthephoneme/p/.
22._Syntax_______isabranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesandtherulesthatgoverntheformationofsentences.
23.CooperativePrinciple（CP）isproposedbyPaulGrice.
24.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscallednamingtheoryinsemanticstudies.
25.Thesentence“Myunmarriedsisterismarriedtoabachelor”isacontradition.
III.Trueorfalsequestions.
（T）1.“Wheredidhebuythebeer”presupposes“Heboughtthebeer”.
（F）2.Senseandreferencearethesameaspectsofmeaning.
升级会员 