学年高中英语创新方案外研版必修1Unit+5+S.docx
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学年高中英语创新方案外研版必修1Unit+5+S
话题背景抢先知
Howtogetchildreninterestedinscience
It'sespeciallyfunandeasytotakepartinyourchild'sscienceeducation.Youdon'tneedtobeascientist,orhavelotsoffactsinyourhead.Allyouneedisaloveofdiscovery.Showyourchildthatit'sgoodtobecuriousandtoaskquestions.Thiswillgivehimconfidenceinhisownabilitytoexplore.Herearesomewaystogetinvolved:
Betheexample
Showhimhowcuriousyouare.Letyourownsenseofdiscoveryguideyourexploration.Showanattitudeofopennesstolearning.Showthefunofexplorationandthejoyoflearningnewthings.
Pointitout
Scienceisallaroundyou.Findfunwaysofshowingyourchildthescienceofhereverydaylife.It'sincooking,cleaning,buildingafireinthefireplace.It'sintheyard,thegarageandthebasement.Thenightsky,themorningdew,therisingandsettingofthemoonandsun;it'sallscience.
Teachobservation
Childrenaresurroundedwithnewinformation.Itcanbealottotakein.Butthey'realwayslooking,andalwayslistening.Teachyourchildtopaycloserattentiontodetails.Whenheseessomethingnew,askhimtonoticethesize,theshape,thecolor,thesmell,andthesound.Teachhimtotakeamomenttonoticethings.Youcanevenencouragehimtotakenotesofthethingsheseeseachday.,
[阅读障碍词]
discoveryn.发现,发觉;被发现的事物
confidencen.信心;信任;秘密
explorev.勘查;探索
attituden.态度;看法
surroundvt.包围,围绕
observationn.观察
encouragevt.促进;支持;鼓励
Ⅰ.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.
1.conclusion A.普通的;平常的
2.reactB.阶段;时期
3.mixtureC.膨胀
4.electricityD.液体
5.floatE.设备;装备
6.expandF.煮;煮沸
7.ordinaryG.结论
8.boilH.反应
9.equipmentI.电
10.liquidJ.收缩
11.contractK.漂浮
12.stageL.混合物
答案:
1~6 GHLIKC 7~12 AFEDJB
Ⅱ.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.
1.YouknowthefirstthingIthoughtofwhenIwokeup?
想起;想到
2.Theyneedtointerviewsomepeopleandfindoutiftheyliketheirjobs._查明
3.Hehadevenbeenkeptoutofschoolduringthebusiestseasons.置身于外
4.Hehurriedmeintoputtingmyownhouseinorderfirst.整理
5.Inconclusion,Iwishthismeetingeverysuccess. 最后
6.Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.与……发生反应
7.Doyouwanttoaddyournametothelist?
把……加到……
Matchthefollowingobjectswiththeirnames.
A.crucible B.beaker&glassrod
C.alcoholburnerD.microscope
E.tongs F.testtube G.balance
答案:
①~⑦ EDBCFGA
Ⅰ.Fast-reading
1.SkimthepassageAandwritedownthemainideaofit.
The_reaction_of_metals_with_different_substances.
2.SkimpassageBandwritedownthemainideaofeachpart.
(1)Part1 Iron_in_dry_air.
(2)Part2 Iron_in_airfree_water.
(3)Part3 Iron_in_ordinary_water.
Ⅱ.Carefulreading
Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.
PassageA
1.Thefirstsentence“Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.”willmakeusthink_______.
A.metalsmakeuptheworld
B.metalsplayagreatlyimportantroleintheworld
C.therewouldbenoworldiftherewerenometals
D.itisdifficultforustoliveintheworldofmetals
2.Thetableinthepassageisarrangedinorderof________.
A.metalkinds
B.reactionactivities
C.valuesofmetal
D.thefirstlettersofthewords
3.Anoxideisa________.
A.newkindofmetals
B.kindofgases
C.productofthereaction
D.factor(因素)ofachemicalreaction
4.Accordingtothetable,whichmetalismostsuitabletomakeourdailykitchenware(厨房)?
A.Zinc.B.Iron.
C.Copper.D.Magnesium.
PassageB
5.WhichisNOTtheapparatus(仪器)thatisrequiredintheexperimentof“Ironindryair”?
A.Cottonwool.B.Oil.
C.Ironnails.D.Testtubeholder.
6.Whichisrequiredasoneoftheapparatusintheexperimentof“Ironinordinarywater”?
A.Oil.B.Cotton.
C.Bunsenburner.D.Testtubeholder.
7.Thepurposeofthesethreeexperimentsistofindouthow________.
A.ironreactswithwaterandair
B.importantironis
C.dotheexperimentofiron'sreactionwithwaterandair
D.tokeepironrustless
答案:
1~4 BBCC 5~7 BDD
Ⅲ.Study-reading
Analyzethedifficultsentencesinthetext.
1.Differentmetalshavedifferentuses,forexample,steelisusedincars,andironisusedinelectricalequipment.
[句式分析] 在该句中forexample为插入语,后面接的是由并列连词and连接的两个简单句,其中两个简单句中“主语+isused...”是被动语态。
[尝试翻译] 不同的金属有不同的用途,比如,钢材被用于汽车中,铁被用于电器设备中。
2.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,forexample,waterandoxygen.
[句式分析] Whenweusemetals是时间状语从句,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后边的动词不定式toknowhow...。
[尝试翻译] 当我们使用金属时,了解它们与不同的物质如何反应很重要,比如,水和氧气。
3.Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.
[句式分析] 此句为倒装句。
here置于句首,主语为名词,此时要将谓语动词放在主语前构成倒装。
两个that从句都是定语从句,修饰前面的先行词metals。
atthetop和atthebottom在句中作宾补。
[尝试翻译] 这里有一个表格,反应最强的金属在上面,反应最弱的在下面。
[对应学生课时达标训练(十七)]
阅读理解
A
ChemicalChangeandPhysicalChange
Therearetwokindsofchanges—chemicalchangeandphysicalchange.
Inachemicalchange,thereisalwaysanewsubstanceformed.Breakingupwaterintohydrogenandoxygenisachemicalchange.Ineachofthechemicalchangeatleastonenewsubstanceisformed.Achangeisnotachemicalchangeifitdoesn'tformanewsubstance.
Physicalchangesareverycommon,too.Therearemanyexamples.Youcanmakeaphysicalchangebytearingapieceofpaperintotwo,orbycuttingapieceofironwithlathe(机床).Herepaperisstillpaper,andtheironisstilliron.
Anotherwayofmakingphysicalchangeisdissolvingsomethinginwater.Whenyoudissolvesaltinwater,thesaltdisappears.Youmaythinkthatanewsubstancehasbeenformed.Butreallythereisnonewsubstance.Thesaltisstillsalt.Youcanstilltasteit.Sothedissolvingofanythingisaphysicalchange.
Whenwaterfreezes,thechangeisalsoaphysicalone.Thewaterchangesfromliquidtosolid,butitisstillthesamesubstance.Thatiswhythefreezingofanythingisaphysicalchange.
语篇解读:
本文主要讲了两种变化——化学变化和物理变化。
1.Thedissolvingofsaltinwateris________.
A.aphysicalchange
B.achemicalchange
C.hydrogenandoxygen
D.breakingup
解析:
选A 细节理解题。
根据文章第四段,尤其是最后一句可知:
溶解任何东西都是物理变化。
2.Thechangeofthethreestatesofwateris________.
A.achemicalchange
B.differentsubstances
C.aphysicalchange
D.thesamestate
解析:
选C 细节理解题。
从文章最后一段得知水从液体变为固体或变为气体,并没有生成一种新的物质,仍是同一种物质,因此水的三种形态变化属于物理变化。
3.Wecanseparateachemicalchangefromaphysicaloneby________.
A.thechangeofshape
B.thechangeofcolor
C.newlyproducedsmoke
D.newlyformedsubstances
解析:
选D 推理判断题。
由第二段可知在化学变化中有新物质产生,只要没有新物质产生就不是化学变化。
由此得知:
判断是化学变化还是物理变化的依据是看是否有新物质产生。
4.Ifyouchangewaterintohydrogen,itis________.
A.aphysicalchange
B.achemicalchange
C.aphysicalandchemicalchange
D.notachange
解析:
选B 细节理解题。
根据第二段可知:
把水分解成氢气和氧气,是一个化学变化。
B
Therearemanyinterestingscienceexperimentsoutthereforyoungkids.Youcanwowyourfriendsandteacherswiththem.Allyouhavetodoistoputalittleeffortintoitandyoushouldhavenoproblemcomingupwithaninterestingscienceexperiment.Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!
Ifyouwanttodoit,first,besurethatyouhavegotallthenecessarysciencekitsforyourscienceexperiment.
Whatyouneedforthisexperimentisaglassfilledhalffullwithwater.Addalittlebitofvinegar(醋)toyourglassofwater,about1/3or1/4ofacup(60ml),andoneteaspoon(10ml)ofbakingsoda,andthencarefullystirthemixture.Dropafewmothballsintotheglassandhaveyouraudiencewatch.Aslongasthesurfacesofthemothballsbecomefairlyrough,theyshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglass.
Youcanalsodoasimilarexperimentwithraisins(葡萄干)andclearpop,_suchasSprite.Inthisexperiment,allyouhavetodoistofillaglasswithSpriteanddropafewraisinsintoit.TheraisinsshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglassofSprite.YoucanalsoreplacetheraisinswithmothballsandyoushouldgetthesameeffectintheSprite.ThisprojectworksbecausetheirregularsurfacesofthemothballsandtheraisinsholdsomeCO2bubbles(气泡),causingthemtobounceupanddowninadancingmotion.
语篇解读:
文章向我们介绍了如何做简单且有趣的科学实验。
5.Thewriterwrotethispassageto________.
A.explainwhysomescienceexperimentsareeasy
B.encouragepeopletospendmoretimeonscience
C.tellushowgoodheisatdoingscienceexperiments
D.teachkidshowtodoaneasyandinterestingscienceexperiment
解析:
选D 作者意图题。
通读全文,可知作者主要向我们介绍怎么做一个简单而有趣的科学实验,故选D。
6.Whatisthemostprobablenameoftheexperiment?
A.Producingmothballs. B.Dancingmothballs.
C.Changingmothballs.D.Swimmingmothballs.
解析:
选B 推理判断题。
根据第一段的“Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!
”可知选“跳舞的樟脑丸”最好。
7.Whichofthefollowingthingsareneededintheexperiment?
a.bakingsoda b.water c.mothballs
d.salt e.vinegar f.sugar
A.bcefB.acde
C.abcdD.abce
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据第三段的“aglassfilledhalffullwithwater.Addalittlebitofvinegar(醋)toyourglassofwater,about1/3or1/4ofacup(60ml),andoneteaspoon(10ml)ofbakingsoda”可知应选D。
8.Theunderlinedword“pop”inParagraph4probablyrefersto“________”.
A.amothballB.akindofvinegar
C.adrinkwithbubblesD.aspecialkindofraisin
解析:
选C 词义猜测题。
根据画线词后“suchasSprite”以及“holdsomeCO2bubbles”可知pop在这里是指含有二氧化碳的饮料。
C
MonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseum
Ourmonthlytalksstartat19:
30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:
00.
November7th
TheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuil