学年高中英语 Module 4 Carnival Section Ⅰ Introd.docx
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学年高中英语Module4CarnivalSectionⅠIntrod
Module4CarnivalSectionⅠIntroduction&Reading-Pre-reading
Carnival,themostimportantandpopularfestivalinBrazil,mixesemotions,creativity,colours,soundsandmanycostumes.Themomentcomeswhenallparticipantsaretheprotagonists(主角)oftheirownplay,costume,plot,andsamba.
Carnival,asspelledinPortuguese,isa4daycelebration.ItstartsonSaturday,andendsonFatTuesday.Dateschangeeveryyear.
LittleneedbesaidaboutCarnivalinRio;theSambaSchoolParadeisworldfamousandeveryonehasseenpicturesinmagazinesandontelevision.
Everyyear,Riohoststheworld'slargestfestival—Carnival.ManypreCarnivalfestivitiesbeginearlier,whiletheclosingevent—theParadeoftheChampions—isonSaturday.
TheofficialopeningiswhentheMayorhandsoverthekeysoftheCitytoCarnivalKingMomoandhisQueen.Thisisthekickoffforfestivitiesthatdancethroughthestreetsallovertown,highlightedbyparades,contestsandballs.
Downtown,theSambadromeopensitsgatestotheSambaSchoolParades,beginningwithGroupBSambaSchoolsonFriday.SaturdayissetasideforGroupA—thesecondhighestranking,withthechampionandrunneruppromotedtotheMajorLeaguenextyear.SundayandMondayaretheMajorSambaSchoolParadesintheSpecialGroup,whileTuesdayseestheJuniorSambaSchools.Ballstakeplaceeverynightthroughouttheweek,togetherwithavarietyofcostumecontests.
Duringthisperiod,hotelsinRioworkonlywithpackagebookingsandprepayment.Oneofthemostfrequentquestionswehearis“whatisthedateofCarnivalthisyear?
”Well,believeitornot,itisnotaneasyquestiontoanswer.Youhavetobepartastrologer(占星家),partmathematician,andpartpriest!
Section_Ⅰ
Introduction_&_Reading_—_Prereading
[原文呈现][读文清障]
TheMagicoftheMask
Thinkof①carnival②,andyouthinkofcrowds,costumes③,andconfusion④.Thesoundsandsightschangefromonecountryto⑤anotherbuttheexcitementisthesameeverywhere.
“Carnival”comesfromtwoLatinwords,meaning“nomoremeat”⑥.InEurope,whereitbegan⑦,carnivalwasfollowedby⑧fortydayswithoutmeat,aspeoplepreparedfortheChristian⑨festivalofEaster⑩.PeoplesawCarnivalas⑪alastchancetohavefunattheendofthewinterseason.Havingfun⑫meanteating,drinking,anddressingup⑬.
①Thinkof...andyouthinkof...为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构。
②carnival/'kɑːnIvl/n.狂欢节
③costume/'kɒstjuːm/n.服装;戏装;化装服
④confusion/kən'fjuːʒn/n.杂乱;混乱
⑤changefrom...to...从……到……变化
⑥现在分词短语meaning...作定语,相当于whichmeans...。
⑦whereitbegan为定语从句,修饰先行词Europe。
⑧befollowedby被……跟随;紧跟着
⑨Christian/'krIstʃən/adj.基督教的
⑩aspeoplepreparedfortheChristian为时间状语从句。
⑪see...as...把……看作……
⑫havefun过得愉快,动名词短语havingfun作主语,meandoing表示“意味着做……”。
⑬dressup装扮;打扮
面具的魔力
[第1~2段译文]
想到狂欢节,你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。
这种场面在每个国家所听到的和看到的各不相同,但人们的兴奋程度在各地都是相同的。
“狂欢节”这个词是由两个拉丁词演变而来的,意思是“禁肉食”。
欧洲是狂欢节的发源地,在那里,狂欢节过后人们会有40天不吃肉,在这期间,人们为基督教的节日——复活节做准备。
人们把狂欢节作为冬季结束前最后一次玩乐的机会。
玩乐意味着吃、喝和乔装打扮。
ThemostfamouscarnivalinEuropewasinVenice.Atthebeginning⑭,itlastedfor⑮justoneday.Peopleate,drank,andworemasks.Astimepassed⑯,however,thecarnivalperiodwasextended⑰,sothatitbeganjustafterChristmas⑱.Forweeksonend⑲peoplewalkedroundthestreetswearingmasks,doingwhattheywantedwithoutbeingrecognised⑳.Ordinarypeoplecouldpretend
toberichandimportant,whilefamouspeoplecouldhaveromanticadventuresinsecret
.Manycrimeswentunpunished
.
⑭atthebeginning从一开始,起初(=atfirst)
⑮last(for)持续
⑯astimepassed随着时间的推移
⑰extend/Ik'stend/vt.延长
⑱sothatitbeganjustafterChristmas为结果状语从句。
⑲onend连续地;竖着
⑳现在分词短语wearing...doing...作伴随状语。
而doing后whattheywanted...为宾语从句。
pretend/prI'tend/vi.假装
pretendtodosth.假装做某事
insecret秘密地(=secretly)
gounpunished没有得到惩罚
[第3段译文]欧洲过去最著名的狂欢节是在威尼斯。
最初,狂欢节只持续一天。
人们吃呀、喝呀,并戴上面具。
然而,随着时间的推移,庆祝狂欢节的时间被延长了,以至于圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。
连续几个星期人们戴着面具走在街上,为所欲为而不会被认出来。
普通人可以装成阔佬和要人,而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。
很多罪行逃脱了惩处。
Thegovernmentrealisedthatwearingmaskshadbecomeaproblem
.Theirusewaslimitedby
laws,thefirstofwhichdatesbackto
thefourteenthcentury
.Menwerenotallowed
towearmasksatnight;andtheywerenotallowedtodressupaswomen.Inlatertimesmorelawswerepassed.Peoplewhoworemasks
couldnotcarryfirearms
;andnoonecouldenterachurchwearingamask.Iftheybrokethelaws,theywereputintoprison
forupto
twoyears.Finally,whenVenicebecamepartoftheAustrianempire
,attheendoftheeighteenthcentury,maskswerebanned
completely,andcarnivalbecamejustamemory
.
Butinthelate1970s
thetraditionwasrevived
bystudents.Theybeganmakingmasksandorganisingparties,andthrewbitsof
brightlycolouredpaper(calledcoriandoli
)at
tourists.Thetowncouncil
realisedthatcarnivalwasgoodforbusiness,andthefestivalwasdevelopedfortourists.
thatwearingmaskshadbecomeaproblem为宾语从句,其中动名词短语wearingmasks在从句中作主语。
belimitedby受……限制
datebackto追溯到(=datefrom)
以上两个短语没有进行时和被动语态。
ofwhich...为非限制性定语从句,修饰laws。
beallowedtodo被允许做……
whoworemasks为定语从句,修饰people。
firearm/'faIər
ɑːm/n.火器
put...intoprison把……关进监狱
upto达到(数量、程度等)
empire/'empaIə/n.帝国
banv.(banned;banned)禁止;取缔
bansb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事
memory/'memn.记忆
inmemoryof为了纪念
inthelate/early1970s在20世纪70年代后/早期
revive/rI'vaIv/vt.复兴;再兴起;再流行
bitsof小片的
calledcoriandoli为过去分词作定语,修饰paper。
throw...at...向……扔……
council/'kaʊnsl/n.地方议会;政务委员会
[第4~5段译文]政府意识到戴面具已成为一个问题。
它们面具的使用受到法律的限制,最早的法律条文可追溯到14世纪。
男子不准在夜间戴面具,并且不能假扮女性。
之后,更多法律条文出台了。
戴面具者不得携带火器,不得进入教堂。
如果他们违反了法律,就要被判处长达两年的监禁。
最后,在18世纪末,当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时,面具被完全禁止了,狂欢节只成为一个记忆。
但在20世纪70年代后期,狂欢节这个传统节日又被学生们恢复了。
他们开始制作面具,并组织聚会,还向游客扔小块的彩色纸片叫“五彩纸片”。
市镇议会意识到狂欢节对商业是有好处的,因此这个节日得以发展,以吸引更多的游客。
Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.PeoplearrivefromalloverEuropetoenjoythefun.Hotelsarefullybooked
andthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwith
wonderfulcostumes.German,FrenchandEnglishseemtobethemainlanguages.ButthespiritofVenicecarnivalisnotquite
thesameasthegreatAmericancarnivals
.Ifthekey
toRioismusicandmovement,theninVeniceitisthemysteryofthemask.Asyouwander
throughthestreets,youseethousandsofmasks—elegant
orfrightening,sadoramusing,traditionalormodern—butyouhavenoideawhatthefacesbehindthemlooklike
.Nobodytakesthemoff
.Ifthemaskscomeoff
,themagic
islost.
book/bʊk/vt.预订
作为动词用来指预订“房间、票、座位”等。
becrowdedwith挤满
quite为副词,此处用来加强语气。
be(not)thesameas...与……(不)一样
keyn.关键;答案(常与介词to连用)
wander/'wɒndə/vi.漫步;闲逛
wonderv.想知道,纳闷
elegant/'elIɡənt/adj.优美的;高雅的
whatthefacesbehindthemlooklike为同位语从句,作idea的同位语。
takeoff除去,去掉,摘下
comeoff掉落,脱落,摘掉
magic/'mædʒIk/n.魔力;魅力
[第6段译文]如今,威尼斯狂欢节的庆祝活动在二月进行,历时五天。
来自欧洲各国的人们在此尽情娱乐。
旅店已被预订一空,狭窄的街道上挤满了身着华美服饰的人。
德语、法语和英语似乎成为了主要语言。
但威尼斯狂欢节的本质与美洲狂欢节有所不同。
如果在里约热内卢,狂欢节主要是音乐和游行的话,那么在威尼斯,则是面具的神秘。
当你漫步街头时,你会看到成千上万张面具——高雅的、可怕的、忧伤的、有趣的、传统的或时尚的——但你并不知道面具后面的那些面孔是什么样。
没有人摘下面具。
如果面具摘掉了,其魔力也就消失了。
Prereading
Pleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.
1.elegant A.tobehaveasifsomethingistrue
2.bookB.havingspecialpowers
3.magicC.tomoveslowlywithoutadirection
4.wanderD.toarrangewithahotel
5.pretendE.thepointfromwhichsth.starts
6.originF.verybeautifulandgentle
7.costumeG.agroupofcountriesthatarecontrolledbyoneruler
8.empireH.clothes
1~5____________ 6~8____________
答案:
1~5 FDBCA 6~8 EHG
Leadin
Doyouknowsomefamousfestivalsintheworld?
Andcanyoutellsomethingaboutthem?
参考答案:
There_are_many_festivals_in_the_world,_such_as_New_Year's_Day_in_
China,_Women's_Day,_April_Fools'_Day,_Carnival_in_Europe,_etc._On_the_festivals,_people_always_take_part_in_some_activities_in_memory_of_something._For_example,_on_New_Year's_Eve,_people_often_gather_together_to_celebrate_the_end_of_the_cold_winter_and_the_beginning_of_another_year,_etc.
Whilereading
Fastreading
1.Readthepassagequicklyandchoosethemainidea.
A.Differentcarnivals.
B.Theoriginsofcarnival.
C.Specialfood.
D.CarnivalinVenice.
答案:
D
2.Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.
(1)Para.1 A.themeaningofcarnivalandhowitwas
celebrated
(2)Para.2B.thelawaboutwearingmasks
(3)Para.3C.thegeneralimpressionofcarnival
(4)Para.4D.howcarnivaliscelebratedtodayinVeniceand
thefeatureofit
(5)Para.5E.carnivalinVeniceandtheproblemsitcaused
(6)Para.6F.therevivalofthetraditionofcelebratingcarnival
(1)~(6)________________
答案:
(1)~(6) CAEBFD
Carefulreading
Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.
1.Wheredidcarnivalbegin?
A.LatinAmerica. B.Europe.
C.America.D.Britain.
2.WheniscarnivalcelebratedinEurope?
A.AfterEaster.
B.BeforeEaster.
C.Itlastedfor40days.
D.Thelastdayofthewinterseason.
3.WhichoneisTRUEaboutthecarnivalinVenice?
A.ItisthemostfamouscarnivalinEurope.
B.Itlastsforoneday.
C.Itlastsforoneweek.
D.Peoplecaneatanddrinkbuttheycannotweartheirmasks.
4.WhyweremasksbannedinVenice?
A.Becausemaskswerenotwelcomedbytheordinarypeople.
B.Becausemaskswerenotwelcomedbytherichandfamouspeople.
C.Becausepeoplewhoworemasksusuallycarriedfirearms.
D.Becauseitcausedmanycrimeswhichwerehardtopunish.
5.WhatisthekeytothecarnivalinVenice?
A.Musicandmovement.
B.Musicanddance.
C.Itcanattractmanyforeigners.
D.Themysteryofthemask.
答案:
1~5 BBADD
Studyreading
Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.
1.InEurope,whereitbegan,carnivalwasfollowedbyfortydayswithoutmeat,aspeoplepreparedfortheChristianfestivalofEaster.
[