英语短文选词填空练习.docx
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英语短文选词填空练习
选词填空的解题技巧
“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的10个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。
要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。
1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：
名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。
同时对词义作初步的理解。
2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。
通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。
在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。
例如：
match-matches,friend-friend's/friends'。
其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：
sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous。
在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式-todo,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done…）；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：
interesting-more/themostinteresting,happy-happily，happy-happiness;填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：
three-third,2/3-twothirds,onethousand/thousandsof；冠词只需要在a或an之间判别，如agirl/anoldman;当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。
为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：
空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有's不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。
检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。
最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
（一）well,soft,second,better,may,strongly,afraid,sand,stayup,if,now,house
Wecan’tstopanearthquake（地震）,butwecandothingstomakesuretheydon’tdestroy（毁坏）wholecities.First,itisnota1.________ideatobuildhousesalonglineswhere2.________oftheearth’splates（板块）jointogether.Second,ifyouthinkthere3.________beanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrocks,noton4.________.Third,youmustmakethehousesas5.________aspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmay6.________..
Scientistsare7.________thatonedayanevenbiggerearthquakewillhitthepartaroundSanFrancisco（旧金山）.Theycallit“TheBigOne”.However,peopletodayarestillbuildingmore8.________.ThepopulationinandaroundSanFranciscois9.________tentimesmorethanitwasin1906.Thismeansthat10.________thereisanotherearthquake,agreatmanyhousesandbuildingswillbedestroyed.
（二）forget,bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently,I，every,stop，each
Mr.Brownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peoplesometimes1________himbrokenumbrellas,andthenhetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.Theywere2________there.
OnedayMr.BrownwenttoLondonbytrain.He3________totakeanumbrellawithhimthatday.Sittinginfrontofhimwasamanwithanumbrellastanding4_______theseat.WhenthetrainarrivedinLondon,Mr.Brown5________uptheumbrellaasheoftendidduringhisjourneybytrain.Justashewasgettingoff,hewas6________bytheman.Hesaidangrily,“That’s7________!
”Mr.Brown’sfaceturnedredandhegaveitbacktothemanatonce.
WhenMrBrowngottothebigshop,theshopkeeperhadgothissixumbrellasready.Afteragoodlookat8________ofthem,hesaid,“You’vemendedthemverywell.”
Intheafternoonhegotintothetrainagain.The9________manwasinthesameseat.HelookedatMrBrownandhissixumbrellas,“You’vehada10________day,”hesaid.
（三）notspeak,call,idea,and,what,garden,hear,quiet,do,eat,name,say
Afarmersawanoldmangrowingsomethingontheothersideoftheriver.
Thefarmer1.________outtohim,“Whatareyougrowing,Grandpa?
”
Theoldman2.________foramoment,thensaid,“Swimover3.________I’lltellyou.”
Thefarmerdidn’tlikethe4.________ofswimmingacrosstheriver.Buthewantedtoknow5.________theoldmanwasdoing.Heswamover.Theoldmansaidvery6.________inhisear,“I’mplantingpeasinmy7.________.”
“Youshouldhaveshouted.Iwouldhave8.________quiteclearlyonthatside.”Saidthefarmer.
“Oh,no,Iwouldn’t9.________that.Thesparrowswouldhaveheardmeand10.________mypeas.”
（四）telephone,for,lose,so,strong,clever,somebody,good,happy,outside,everybody,at
MrsAndrewshadayoungcat,anditwasthecat’sfirstwinter.Oneeveningitwas1.________whenitbegantosnowheavily.MrsAndrewslooked2.________iteverywhereandshouteditsname,butshedidnotfindit,3.________shetelephonethepoliceandsaid,“Ihave
4.________asmallblackcat.Has5.________foundone?
”
“No，madam,”saidthepolicemanattheotherend,“Butcatsarereallyvery6.________animals.Theysometimeslivefordaysinthesnow,andwhenitmelts（融化）orsomebodyfindsthem,theyarequite7.________.”
MrsAndrewsfelt8.________whensheheardthis.“And,”shesaid,“Ourcatisvery9.________.Shealmosttalks.”
Thepolicemanwasgettingtired,“Wellthen,”hesaid“Whydon’tyouputyour10.________down?
Maybesheistryingtotelephoneyounow.”
（五）tell,hear,listento,guard,drum,much,fly,army,with,other,way,instruction
Herearesomeoldwaystosendingmessages.
AnEgyptian（埃及人）puthiseartotheground.He1.________thehorsescomingthisway.Heranto2.________hispeople.Hewasa3.________.ThatwasonewayforEgyptianstosendmessages.
Peoplein4.________countriessentmessage,too.Whenenemiescame,onemanbeathisdrum.Inthenextvillagepeopleheardthedrumandbeattheirdrums,too.Themessageswentfromvillagetovillageby5.________.
Much6.________,somearmies（军队）keptmanypigeons（鸽子）.Thesepigeonsalways7.________back.Whenasoldierwassentfarawayfromhisown8.________,hemighttakeapigeonalong.Hecouldtieamessagetothebird’sleg.Itwouldflyback9.________thesoldier’smessage.
Theseareshownwaystosendmessages.Canyouthinkofmore10.________?
（六）before,discover,fast,in,come,watch,so,fastly,it,ago,shine,notcan
Lighttravelsataspeed（速度）whichisaboutamilliontimes1.________thanthatofsound.2.________onesecond,lighttravelsabout300,000kilometers,butsoundtravelsonly340meters.Youcangetsomeideaofthisdifferenceby3.________thestartofarunningmatch.Ifyoustandfarawayfromthestarter（发令员）,youcanseesmoke4.________fromhisgun5.________thesoundreachesyourears.
Thefastspeedoflightproducessomestrangefacts.Theneareststaris6.________farawaythatlightwhichyoucanseefromittonightstartedtotraveltoyoufouryears7.________ataspeedofnearlytwomillionkilometerseveryminute.Thelightfromsomeoftonight’sstartedon8.________journeytowardsyouevenbeforeyouwereborn.
So,ifwewanttobehonest（诚实）,we9.________say,“Thestarsareshiningbrightlytonight.”Wehavetosay,“Thestarslooknice.Theywere10.________fouryearsagobuttheirlighthasjustreachedourearth.”
（七）happy,interest,problem,never,getaway,eye,run,tire,have,miss,catch,think
Amanwassittinginthedoctor’soffice.Hewastellingthedoctorabouthis1.________.
“Ilikefootball,Doctor.”Hesaid,“Pleasehelpme.Mylifehas2.________beenagoodonesinceIbecame3.________infootballanditisgettingworseandworse.Ican’teven4.________fromitinmysleep.WhenIclosemy5.________,I’moutthereinthefootballfieldand6.________afteraflyingball.WhenIwakeup,I’mmore7.________thanIwasbeforeIwenttobed.WhatamIgoingtodo?
”
Thedoctorsatbackandsaid,“Firstofall,you8.________todoyourbestnottodream（做梦）aboutfootball.Beforeyoufallasleep,tryto9.________aboutsomethingelse.Trytothinkthatyouareatapartyandsomeoneisgoingtogiveyouseveralmilliondollars.”
“Areyoucrazy（疯了）?
”themanshouted,“I’ll10.________theball!
”
（八）other,move,enough,find,desert,make,use,another,friend,carry,trouble,friend
Youmaythinkthereisnothingbutsandinthedesertoftheworld,butitisnottrue.Inthedesertwecan1._______stones.Wecanseehills,too.Thereisalittleraininthe2.________,butitisnot3.______formostplants.
Theanimalsare4._______tothedesertpeopleinmanyways.Thedesertpeopleeatthemeatanddrinkthemilkoftheanimals.Theyusetheirskinsto5.________shoes,waterbagsandeventents（帐篷）.Theyusethecamels（骆驼）for6._______things.
Thepeopleofthedeserthavetokeep7._______fromplacestoplace.Theymustalwayslookforgrassordesertplantsfortheiranimals.Theyusuallyliveinthetents.Whenthereismomorefoodfortheiranimals,theytakedowntheirtents,putthemonthecamelsandmoveto8._______place.Thedesertpeoplearevery9._______.Nomaninthedesertwouldeverrefusetohelpthepeoplein10._______andgivethemfoodandwater.
（九）how,they,winter,summerspend,care,dance,take,show,open,only,good
Theworldoftheout-ofdoorsisfullofsecrets.And1.________aresointerestingthatquitealotofpeoplearebusystudyingthem.Allaroundusarebirds,animals,treesandflowers.Thefactsabout2.________theyliveandgrowareasinterestingasanythingcouldbe.
DoyouknowthatoneofthegreatpresidentsoftheUnitedStates3________hoursandhoursstudyingbirds?
AbusinessmanwholivesnearNewYorkCitybecamesointerestedininsects（昆虫）thathebegantocollectthem.Henowhasmorethanonethousanddifferentkinds4.________keptintheglassboxes.
Comethenwithme,andIwillhelpyoufindsomeofNature’ssecrets.Letusgoquietlythroughthewoodsandfields.Hereweshallfindhowarabbittellstheotherrabbitsthatthereisdanger.Weshallfollowamotherbearandheryoungonesastheysearchforfoodandgetreadyfor5.________sleep.Weshallwatchbees6.________intheairtoletotherbeesknowwheretheycanfindfood.Iwill7.________youmanyotherinterestingthings,butthe8.________thingthatIcanteachyouistoke
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