毕业论文外文文献翻译GeneralRequirementsToConstructionOfSubstation变电站建设的一般要求1.docx

毕业论文外文文献翻译GeneralRequirementsToConstructionOfSubstation变电站建设的一般要求1.docx

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毕业论文外文文献翻译GeneralRequirementsToConstructionOfSubstation变电站建设的一般要求1

毕业设计（论文）

外文文献翻译

文献、资料中文题目：

变电站建设的一般要求

文献、资料英文题目：

GeneralRequirementstoConstructionofSubstation

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翻译日期：

2017.02.14

外文文献一

GeneralRequirementstoConstructionofSubstation

Substationsareavitalelementinapowersupplysystemofindustrialenterprises．Theyservetoreceive，convertanddistributeelectricenergy.Dependingonpowerandpurpose,thesubstationsaredividedintocentraldistributionsubstationsforavoltageof110-500kV;mainstep-downsubstationsfor110-220/6-10-35kV;deepentrancesubstationsfor110-330/6-10Kv;distributionsubstationsfor6-10Kv;shoptransformersubstationsfor6-10/0.38-0.66kV.Atthemainstep-downsubstations,theenergyreceivedfromthepowersourceistransformedfrom110-220kVusuallyto6-10kV（sometimes35kV）whichisdistributedamongsubstationsoftheenterpriseandisfedtohigh-voltageservices.

Centraldistributionsubstationsreceiveenergyfrompowersystemsanddistributeit（withoutorwithpartialtransformation）viaaerialandcablelinesofdeepentrancesatavoltageof110-220kVovertheenterpriseterritory.Centraldistributionsubstationdiffersfromthemaindistributionsubstationinahigherpowerandinthatbulkofitspowerisatavoltageof110-220kV;itfeaturessimplifiedswitchingcircuitsatprimaryvoltage;itisfedfromthepowertoanindividualobjectorregion.Low-andmedium-powershopsubstationstransformenergyfrom6-10kVtoasecondaryvoltageof380/220or660/380.

Step-uptransformersubstationsareusedatpowerplantsfortransformationofenergyproducedbythegeneratorstoahighervoltagewhichdecreaseslossesatalong-distancetransmission.ConvertersubstationsareintendedtoconvertACtoDC（sometimesviceversa）andtoconvertenergyofonefrequencytoanother.Convertersubstationswithsemiconductorrectifiersareconvertenergyofonefrequencytoanother.Convertersubstationswithsemiconductorrectifiersaremosteconomic.Distributionsubstationsfor6-10kVarefedprimarilyfrommaindistributionsubstations（sometimesfromcentraldistributionsubstations）.Withasystemofdividingsubstationsfor110-220kV,thefunctionsofaswitch-gearareaccomplishedbyswitch-gearsfor6-10kVatdeepentrancesubstations.

Dependingonlocationofsubstationstheirswitch-gearmaybeoutdoororindoor.Thefeedandoutputlinesat6-10kVsubstationsaremainlyofthecabletype.at35-220kVsubstationsoftheaerialtype.Whenerectingandwiringthesubstations,majorattentionisgiventoreliableandeconomicpowersupplyofagivenproduction.

Substationsareerectedbyindustrialmethodswiththeuseoflargeblocksandassembliespreparedatthesiteshopsofelectricengineeringorganizationsandfactoriesofelectricalengineeringindustry.Substationsareusuallydesignedforoperationwithoutcontinuousattendanceofthedutypersonnelbutwiththeuseofelementaryautomaticandsignalingdevices.

Whenconstructingthestructuralpartofasubstation.itisadvisabletouselight-weightindustrialstructuresandelements（panels,floors,etc.）madeofbentsections.Theseelementsarepre-madeoutsidetheerectionzoneandareonlyassembledatsite.Thisconsiderablycutsthetermsandcostofconstruction.

Basiccircuitryconceptsofsubstationsarechosenwhendesigningapowersupplysystemoftheenterprise.Substationsfeatureprimaryvoltageentrances.transformersandoutputcablelinesorcurrentconductorsofsecondaryvoltage.Substationsaremountedfromequipmentandelementsdescribedbelow.Thenumberofpossiblecombinationsofequipmentandelementsisverygreat.Whenelaboratingasubstationcircuitry,itisnecessarytostriveformaximumsimplificationandminimizingthenumberofswitchingdevices.Suchsubstationsaremorereliableandeconomic.Circuitryissimplifiedbyusingautomaticreclosureorautomaticchangeovertoreservefacilitywhichallowsrapidandfaultlessredundancyofindividualelementsandusingequipment.

Whendesigningtransformersubstationsofindustrialenterprisesforallvoltages,thefollowingbasicconsiderationsaretakenintoaccount:

1.Preferableemploymentofasingle-bussystemwithusingtwo-bussystemsonlytoensureareliableandeconomicpowersupply;

2.Wideuseofunitizedconstructionsandbuslesssubstations;

3.Substantiatedemploymentofautomaticsandtelemetry;ifthesubstationdesigndoesnotenvisagetheuseofautomaticsortelemetry,thecircuitryissoarrangedastoallowforaddingsuchequipmentinfuturewithoutexcessiveinvestmentsandre-work.

4.Useofsimpleandcheapdevices-isolatingswitches,short-circuitingswitches,load-breakingisolators,fuses,withdueregardfortheirswitchingcapacitymaydrasticallyc