学年山东省滨州市高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx

学年山东省滨州市高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx

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学年山东省滨州市高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版

山东省滨州市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

一、阅读选择

Thinkingaboutholidayingalone,butabitconcernedaboutthepitfalls?

Youneedn’tworryifyouconsiderthesetipsfirst.

Safety

Unlessyoupositivelyinvitedanger—i.e.hangingaroundaremoteparkat4a.m.withheadphoneson—travellingaloneisn’tactuallythatrisky.Thebiggestdangerisbeingtakenforaride.Literally,inthecaseoftaxidrivers:

alwaysaskforanestimatedfarebeforesettingoff.Otherwise,trytoneverlooklikeatourist.Ensurethatsomeoneelseknowsyourjourneyandcommittoregularcontactwiththem.

Plan

Beingalonemeansyoucan’tuseyourfriends’phoneswhenyoursrunsoutofjuice,orrelyonthemshouldyouloseyourwallet.Putemergencysystemsinplace:

writedownkeynumbers（friends,hotels,embassies,emergencyservices）,havechangeforphoneboxesandalwayskeepsomeback-upmoneyinyourbag.

Makingfriends

Thisisanothercommonandveryvalidworrywhentravellingalone:

whatifnoonelikesme?

Acquiringnewcompanionsisalwayseasierthanfeared,butstillascarysubject.Ithelpstolookapproachable—smileatpeople,haveopenbodylanguageandlosethesunglasses.Readsomethinginterestingtostartaconversation,oraskstrangersaquestion.

Morehands-onmethodsincludevisitingexpatriatebars,joiningtoursorusingappsdesignedtohelppeoplemakefriends,suchasMeetup.

1．Whatcanyoudotoensureyoursafetywhentravellingalone?

A．Behaveasatraveler.B．Catchaliftwhenavailable.

C．Wanderinadistantparkintheearlymorning.D．Makeyourtravelknownbysomeoneclosetoyou.

2．Whatpreparationsshouldbemadeincaseofemergency?

A．CallingthepoliceB．Contactingyourfriends.

C．Askingstrangersforhelp.D．Settingasidesomemoneyinyourbag.

3．Whereisthistextmostprobablyfrom?

A．Atravelwebsite.B．Ahealthnewspaper.

C．Aprojecthandbook.D．Afriend-makingbrochure.

【答案】

1．D

2．D

3．A

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。

文章主要从安全、计划和交友三个方面提出了一些独自外出旅游的建议。

1．

细节理解题。

根据第二段中“Ensurethatsomeoneelseknowsyourjourneyandcommittoregularcontactwiththem.（确保别人知道你的旅程，并承诺定期与他们联系）”可知，独自旅行时，让亲近的人知道你的旅行，可以确保自己的安全。

故选D。

2．

细节理解题。

根据第三段中“Putemergencysystemsinplace:

writedownkeynumbers（friends,hotels,embassies,emergencyservices）,havechangeforphoneboxesandalwayskeepsomeback-upmoneyinyourbag.（准备好应急措施：

记下关键电话号码，如朋友、酒店、大使馆、紧急服务机构，准备好电话亭的零钱，并在包里留一些备用资金）”可知，应该在你的包里留出一些钱，来应对紧急情况。

故选D。

3．

推理判断题。

根据第一段“Thinkingaboutholidayingalone,butabitconcernedaboutthepitfalls?

Youneedn’tworryifyouconsiderthesetipsfirst.（想过独自度假，但又担心会有陷阱吗？

如果你先考虑这些建议，你就不必担心）”结合文章主要从安全、计划和交友三个方面提出了一些独自外出旅游的建议。

可推知，文章可能选自一个旅游网站。

故选A。

MarkBertramlostthetipsoftwofingersatworkin2018whenhishandbecametrappedinafanbelt.“It’slife-changingbutit’snotlife-ending,”hesays.“Doingworkishardernow.Everythingisjustalittledifferent.”

Aftertwosurgeriesandoccupationaltherapy,BertramdecidedtomakelightofhisconditionbyaskingEricCatalano，atattoo（纹身）artist，tocreatefingernailtattoos.Theideamadeeveryoneinthestudiolaugh—untiltheysawthefinalresult.“Themoodchanged,”CatalanorecallsfromhisEternalInkTattooStudioinHecker,Illinois.”Everythingturnedfromfunnytowow.”

WhenCatalanopostedaphotoofthetattoos,apairoffingernailslookingsorealthatnoonecouldbelievetheireyes,hehadnoideatheimagewouldeventuallybeviewedbymillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.

TheviralphotopushedCatalano,40,furtherintotheworldofparamedicaltattooing.Nowpeoplewithlife-alteringscarscomefromasfarawayasIrelandtovisithisshop.Usingflesh-tonedinksandaneedle,Catalanotransformshisclients’viewofthemselves.

LesliePollan,32,adogbreederinOxford,Mississippi,wasbittenonthefacebyapuppyin2014.Afterundergoingcountlesssurgeriestocorrectascaronherlipbutinvain,sheultimatelyturnedtoCatalano,whocoveredherlipscar,givingherbackapieceofherconfidence.Pollansays,“Itmademehaveadifferentoutlookonlife.”

“EverytimeIseethatemotionfrommycustomers,I’m100percentsurethisissomethingthatIcan’tstopdoing.”

4．Initially,theideaofcreatingthefirstfingernailtattoosseemstopeople.

A．inspiringB．life-changingC．ridiculousD．amazing

5．Whatdoweknowaboutthepostedphotoofthefingernailtattoos?

A．Noonebelieveditwasreal.

B．Itenjoyedgreatpopularity.

C．ItbroughtCatalanofameandmoneyovernight.

D．ItdiscouragedCatalanofromfurtheringoninthatfield.

6．WhydoestheauthormentionPollan’sstory?

A．Towarnpeopletostayawayfrompuppies.

B．Toprovethatplasticsurgeriesarenotsoeffective.

C．ToshowCatalanohelpschangeclients’viewofthemselves.

D．Tohighlightthattattooingisveryimportantinourdailylife.

7．Whichoneisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．MagicalTattoosB．ATattooArtistC．Start-offofTattoosD．DevelopmentofTattoos

【答案】

4．C

5．B

6．C

7．A

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。

文章记叙了指甲纹身最初是怎么出现的，及后来指甲纹身对部分人的意义和影响。

4．

细节理解题。

根据句子“Theideamadeeveryoneinthestudiolaugh—untiltheysawthefinalresult”（这个主意使工作室里的所有人笑起来，直到他们见到最后的结果）可知，这个主意是荒诞可笑的。

故选C。

5．

推理判断题。

根据句子“hehadnoideatheimagewouldeventuallybeviewedbymillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.”（他不知道这图片最后被世界各地数百万人浏览过。

）可知，许多人对它感兴趣，喜欢这指甲纹身的图片，B项“Itenjoyedgreatpopularity”（它享有盛誉）与该句意思一致。

故选B。

6．

细节理解题。

根据句子第四段句子“Catalanotransformshisclients’viewofthemselves.”（Catalano改变了客户对自己的看法）和第五段“Polansays,“Itmademehaveadifferentoutlookonlife.”（波兰说：

它使我对生活有一个不同的观点态度）可知，作者举该例子是说明Catalano做的指甲纹身帮助客户改变了对自身的生活观点。

故选C。

7．

主旨大意题。

根据第二、三、四段的内容可知，它们的关键词分别是“fingernailtattoos”、“aphotoofthetattoos”、“theworldofparamedicaltattooing”，都围绕着纹身。

A.MagicalTattoos神奇的纹身；B.ATattooArtist一位纹身艺术家；C.Start-offofTattoos纹身的开始；D.DevelopmentofTattoos纹身的发展。

结合后面两段的核心词“transformshisclients’viewofthemselves”、“mademehaveadifferentoutlookonlife”可知，纹身对顾客产生了很神奇的心理效果，故A项符合。

故选A。

【点睛】

主旨大意题要结合各段的主题句和关键词，然后从整体角度作出判断。

Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.Butaccordingtopsychologists,that’snothowitworks.“Personalityisadevelopmentalphenomenon,”saidBrentRoberts,apsychologistattheUniversityofIllinois.

That’snottosaythatyou’readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.“Intheshortterm,changecanbebarelydetectable,”RobertssaidIndividuals’levelsofeachpersonalitytraittendedtostayconsistentwithineachdecadeoflife.Butthosedecadesaddup.“Throughoutallthoseyears,ourpersonalityisstillchanging,butslowly,”Robertssaid.“It’ssomethingthat’ssubtle,”headded.“Youdon’tnoticeitonthatfive-to-10-yeartimescale,butinthelongterm,itbecomespronounced.”

In1960,psychologistssurveyedover440,000highschoolstudents,1952ofwhomweretrackeddownandgiventhesamesurveyfiftyyearslater.Theresults,publishedin2018intheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,foundthatintheir60s,participantsscoredmuchhigherthantheyhadasteenagersonquestionsmeasuringcalmness,self-confidence,leadershipandsocialsensitivity.There’sgoodevidencethattheaverageself-controlofa30-year-oldishigherthana20-year-old.Atthesametime,peoplewhoarerelativelyself-controlledat18alsotendtoberelativelyself-controlledatage30.

Sowhydowechangesomuch?

Evidencesuggestsit’snotdramaticlifeevents,suchasmarriage,thebirthofachildorlossofalovedone.Somepsychologistsactuallysuggesttheseeventsstrengthenyourpersonalityasyoubringyourcharacteristicswithyoutothatparticularsituation.

`“Instead,changingexpectationsplacedonus—asweadjusttouniversity,startingafamily—slowlywearsusin,almostlikeapairofshoes,”Robertssaid.“Overtimeyouareaskedinmanycontextsacrosslifetodothingsabitdifferently,”headded.“There’snotauserhandbookforhowtoact,butweunconsciouslyfollowthewaywearesupposedtobehaveinthesesituations.Soweadapt.”

8．Whatdoweknowaboutpersonalityfromparagraph1andparagraph2?

A．Individualpersonalityhasalotincommon.

B．Personalitydevelopsslowlyinthelongrun.

C．Everydaypersonalityisanewphenomenon.

D．Short-termchangeinpersonalitycanbedetected.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inparagraph2probablymean?

A．Obvious.B．Skeptical.C．Steady.D．Rewarding.

10．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?

A．Clearlya30-year-oldtendstolosetempermoreeasilythana20-year-old.

B．440,000highschoolstudentssurveyedin1960weretracedfiftyyearslater.

C．Participantsbehavemorecalmlyandconfidentlyintheir60sthanasteenagers.

D．Peoplewhoarerelativelyself-controlledat18aresurelynotself-controlledat30.

11．Accordingtothepassage,whatcausesourpersonalitytochangealot?

A．Dramaticlifeevents.

B．Changingexpectationsonothers.

C．Differentcontextsacrosslife.

D．Constantadaptationtosituations.

【答案】

8．B

9．A

10．C

11．D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

文章说明了人的个性特征是一个漫长的逐渐变化的现象，是人不断适应身边环境的变化过程。

8．

细节理解题。

根据段中句子“Personalityisadevelopmentalphenomenon”（个性特征是一个发展的现象）“Throughoutallthoseyears,ourpersonalityisstillchanging,butslowly”（经历了那些年，我们的个性仍然在改变，但是很缓慢）可知，B项“Personalitydevelopsslowlyinthelongrun.”（长远角度上看个性发展缓慢）表述正确。

故选B。

9．

词义猜测题。

根据该划线词所在的句子“Youdon’tnoticeitonthatfive-to-10-yeartimescale,butinthelongterm,itbecomespronounced.”（5-10年内你发现不了它，但是从长远来看，它就变得明显。

）中的转折连词but前“youdon’tnoticeit…”（你发现不了它）可以推断出，but后的意思是（你发现了它），四个选项中，只有A项obvious（明显的）符合该逻辑，意思是：

从长远来看，这个变化的过程变得明显了，你发现了它的变化。

故选A。

10．

细节理解题。

根据段中的句子“Theresults,publishedin2018intheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,foundthatintheir60s,participantsscoredmuchhigherthantheyhadasteenagersonque