国外口译笔记符号图例.docx

国外口译笔记符号图例.docx

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国外口译笔记符号图例

国外口译笔记符号图例

consequences

development

relations

agriculture

agreement

environment

role

energy

success

trade

problem

politics

repression

democracy

impact

work

country

money

meeting

inflation

industry

deficit

surplus

lookforwardto

change

wantto

need

know

continue

decide

join

propose

listen/hear

leadto,cause

say

promise

attack

agree

thanks

ontheonehand

always 

（toujoursinFrench）

...ontheotherhand 

until

onbehalfof

fromthattimeon

asopposedto

before

recently

morethan/lessthan

all

any

now

similar

end

start

Organicsymbols

WhenwetalkaboutORGANICSYMBOLSwemeansimplythatonesymbolistakenastherootforseveralrelatedsymbols.

Themostobviousexampleistheunderlining...

Youcanunderlineanysymboltoaddemphasis

big.....big

Youcanalsodoubleunderline,drawasquigglylineoradottedlineunderneathasymbolorworddenotedifferingdegreesofemphasisorcertainty....

Thereisasystemfornotingverbsthattiesinwiththisidea....

...verbtenses

work

work g

work |

| work 

| w魊k

working

worked

willwork

wouldwork

Herearesomemoreexamplesofonesymbolgivingrisetoseveralmore...

al

national（adjective）

ally

Nationally

ze

tonationalize

tn

nationalisation

o

national（noun）,citizen

return,comeback,reverse,regress

rise,increase,grow,climbetc.

fall,decline,slide,slip,drop,shrink,

exchange,relations,

leadto,consequenceof,therefore

continue,

?

o:

p>

pleased.

annoyed,unhappy,unimpressed,etc.

veryunhappy,disgusted,etc

Õ

tothink

Ō

toknow,（forme,thestraightlinedenotescertainty,incomparisontothesquigglylinefor搕othink?

）

Thecirclecanalsobeusedtodenoteapersonwhoisassociatedwiththatsymbol'smeaning.Thiscanbedonebyaddingaraisedcircletoanothersymbol.

al

national（adjective）

o

citizen

econ

Economy

econo

economist

E

Energy

Eo

energyexpert,supplier,

Policy

o

politician

∩

that,which

∩o

who

Wheretofindsymbols

Youcangetyoursymbolsfromanywherethatsuitsyou...aslongasyousticktosomebasicRULES..Hereareafewideas.

Onlyusethesesymbolsiftheyclickinyourmind,don'tjustusethembecauseyou'veseenthemhere.Youdon'thavetousethemeaningsassignedthemhereeither.SymbolsshouldbeinstantlyassociatedFORYOUwiththemeaningyougivethem.

Maths

=  +  >  <  %  /

Science

E  ?

nbsp; t  

（andmoreIcan'tdoinhtml!

）

Music

#

Textmessages

L8R  RUOK?

  2  etc.

Keyboard

%  &  @  ?

  ?

/h5>

Punctuationmarks

?

  !

  （ ）  "  :

Vehicleregistrations

D  DA  UK  CH  F  

（bewareofmixingupChina&Switzerland,orPolandandPortugal）

Shortwordsinotherlanguages

so  hi  ta  ok  /bo  ale  juz  /  deja  /  ergo  etc  /  pero  /

Currencies

$  Y  L  €

Periodictable

Fe  Na  Po  Ag  CO2  CO  NO2  H3SO4

Whattonote-Lederer/Seleskovitch

1.Theideas.Theessence.Asinglesymbolorwordcanrepresentanentireidea.

2.Fulcra.Causality,consequence,linksetc.andtherelationoftheideastooneanotherintime.

3.Transcodableterms.Wordsthanmustberepeatedratherthandeverbalisedandinterpreted.

4.Numbers.Notethenumbersimmediately,interruptingwhateveryouarenotingtonotethenumberastheycannotberememberedfromcontextandnotedlaterasideascan.

5.Propernames.Ifyoudon'tknowaname,noteitphoneticallyandseeifyoucanworkouthowtosayitproperlyinyourtargetlanguagelater.Ifyoucan'tthensubstituteagenericlike"theUKdelegate"ratherthanmanglingthename.

6.Technicalterms.Specifictothecontextofthespeech.

7.Lists.Listsofwordswhicharenotintegralpartsofthesentencesinwhichtheyareheldoverloadthememory.Sonotethem.

8.Thefirstsentenceofeachnewideashouldbenotedwithparticularcare.Thisdoesnotmeanverbatimbutwithcare.

9.LASTsentenceofthespeechshouldbenotedwithparticularcare.

10.Strikingusage.Ifthespeakerusesawordorexpressionthatstandsouthehasprobablyuseditdeliberatelyandwillwantittoappearintheinterpretation.

Whattonote-Taylor-Bouladon

Mostbeginnerstendtowritedowntoomuchbutwithexperienceyouwillseethatyourmemoryisbetterthanyouthinkandafewclearnotesareinfinitelypreferabletoawholepageofnoteswrittensofastyoucan'treadthemback.

Astowhatyoushouldnote,W.Keisersuggeststhefollowing:

l.Alwaysideas,arguments,