Lesson TenWhat Is It Like to Be Poor.docx

Lesson TenWhat Is It Like to Be Poor.docx

《Lesson TenWhat Is It Like to Be Poor.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Lesson TenWhat Is It Like to Be Poor.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

LessonTenWhatIsItLiketoBePoor

LessonTenWhatIsItLiketoBePoor?

NewWords&Expressions

1.Prosaically[prəu＇zeiikli]adv.

Prosaic:

adj.boring,ordinary,orlackinginimagination乏味的，平淡无奇的，缺乏想象力的

e.g:

aprosaicwritingstyle乏味的写作风格

Peoplesaidhe’dbeenapirate,butthetruthwasmoreprosaic.人们说他曾作过海盗，但事实远没那么有传奇性。

“Prosaic”isderivedfrom“prose”,whichisseenasdullandunromantic,whilebycontrast,poetryislookeduponassthinterestingandimaginative,

It’sashamethattheymakelovelymusicinsuchaprosaic（commonplace）building.

ItisofficiallyandprosaicallyknownasBoritaka200–moreromanticallyastheLostCity.

2.Squalid:

[＇skwɔlid]adj.dirtyandunpleasantbecauseofalackofcareormoney（因）无人料理或缺钱而）污秽的，肮脏的

e.g:

Howcananyoneliveinsuchsqualidconditions?

人怎么能住在如此污秽的环境中？

atinysqualidapartment肮脏的小套房

3.Shift:

（olduse）aclevertrickormethodordevicesorwaysofmanaginginspiteofdifficulties.手段，计谋

Ashiftisaningeniousexpedientadoptedinatimeofneedoremergency,e.g.

Povertyhasreducedhimtodesperateshifts.

Thelazymantriedeveryshifttoavoiddoinghiswork.

Note:

Themeaningof“shift”isold-fashionedtoday,butisstillfoundintheseexpressions:

shiftforoneself（getalongbytakingwhatevercourseisavailable）,e.g.

There’sonlyenoughfoodfortwoofus,sotherestofyouwillhavetoshiftforyourselves.

makeshift（manageorcontrivetodosth）

Hemakesshifttopickupascanty（不够的，不足的，勉强够用的）livelihood.

4.Crust[krʌst]n.thehardbrownoutersurfaceofbreadorthebakedpastryonapie面包皮；点心的油酥皮

Crust-wiping:

（BritishUsage）adoptingadifferentposture[＇pɔstʃə]orattitude;strippingoffone’soutwardappearancesandrevealingone’strueself.

5.Secrecy:

[＇si:

krəsi][U]theprocessofkeepingsthsecret,orthestateofbeingkeptasecret保密，秘密状态

e.g.Imuststresstheneedforabsolutesecrecyabouttheproject.我必须强调对这项计划绝对保密的必要。

besworntosecrecy已发誓保密：

Ireallycan’ttellyou,I’vebeensworntosecrecy.

6.Franc:

[fræŋk]n.theformerstandardunitofFrenchcurrencyworthabout3AmericancentsatthetimeOrwellwritesof法郎

7.Tangle[＇tæŋgləl]vt.&vi.tobecometwistedtogetherormakesthbecometwistedtogetherinanuntidymass（使）纠缠在一起；（使）乱成一团

e.g.Myhairtangleseasily

tanglesth:

Somebody’stangledallthesecablesundermycomputer.

8.Laundress[＇lɔndris]洗熨衣物的女工,洗衣女工

9.Mumble[＇mʌmbəl]v.tosaysthtooquietlyandnotclearlyenough,sothatitisdifficultorimpossibletohear咕哝，含糊地说

e.g.Thelittleboymumbledsomethingaboutwantingtogotothetoilet.

Stopmumblingandspeakup!

别咕咕哝哝的，大声说！

10.Tobacconist[tə＇bækənist]n.[C]BrEsomeonewhohasashopthatsellstobacco,cigarettesetc烟草店老板，烟草经销商

11.Ostensibly[ɔ＇stensəbəli]adv.Ifsomethingisdoneostensiblyforaparticularreason,itisnotreallydoneforthisreasonbutpeoplepretendthatitis表面上，假装地

e.g.ThebigbosseswenttoHawaii,ostensiblytolaunchthenewproject.大老板们打着启动新项目的名义去了夏威夷。

Adj.ostensible

12.Loaf[ləuf]（pl.loaves）[C]breadthatisshapedandbakedinonepieceandcanbecutintoslices（条形）面包

aloafofbread一条面包

（v.）（informal）towastetimeinalazywaywhenyoushouldbeworking虚度光阴，闲荡

loafaround/about:

Theyspendalldayloafingaroundonstreetcorners.他们整天在街角闲荡。

13.Smuggle[＇smʌgəl]v.

totakesthorsomeoneillegallyfromonecountrytoanother走私，偷运

Smugglesthinto/outof:

TheycaughthertryingtosmuggledrugsintotheFrance.他们抓获她企图把毒品偷运进法国。

（informal）totakesthorsomeonesecretlytoaplacewheretheyarenotallowedtobe偷偷携带，夹带

Hemanagedtosmugglehisnotesintotheexamination.

14.Margarine[¸ma:

dʒə＇ri:

n][U]ayellowsubstancethatissimilartobutterbutisnotmadefrommilk,whichyoueatwithbreadoruseforcooking.麦淇淋，人造黄油

15.ryebread:

黑麦面包

16.Centime:

[＇sɔnti:

m]n.0.01ofafrancorsomeotherunitsofmoney,oracoinworththisamount生丁100centimes=1franc

17.Precariousness:

n.[U]

Precarious:

[pri＇kεəriəs]adj.

aprecarioussituationorstateislikelytobecomeverydangerous（局势、情况）不稳定的，不安定的；危险的

Therefugeesliveaprecariousexistenceinshantytowns.难民们在城市贫民窟过着不安定的生活。

someoneorsthprecariousislikelytofall可能倒的，不稳的，不牢靠的

acupofteabalancedprecariouslyonherknee她膝盖上放得不稳的一杯茶

18.Forearm:

[＇fɔ:

ra:

m]前臂

19.Flick[flik]n.[C]ashort,light,suddenmovementorhitwithapartofyourbody,whipetc轻打，轻弹，抖动

Withaflickofthewrist,Fryesenttheballintotheoppositecourt.弗赖一抖手腕，把球打到对方的球场。

（v.）tomakesthmoveawaybyhittingorpushingitsuddenlyorquickly,especiallywithyourthumbandfinger弹去，拂去

Papaflickedtheashfromhiscigar.

20.Plop:

v.

（always+adv./prep）tofallsomewheremakingasoundlikeaplop扑通（啪嗒）地落下：

[+on/downetc]

Afewdropsofrainbegantoplopontotheroof.几滴雨开始啪嗒啪嗒地落到屋顶上。

toputsthintoaliquidsothatitmakesasoundlikeaplop把…扑通（啪嗒）一声放入（液体）：

（+into）

Iploppedacoupleoficecubesintothedrink.我把几块冰投入饮料之中。

＇k

21.Clumsy:

[＇klʌmzi]adj.movinginanawkwardwayandtendingtobreakthings笨拙的，不灵活的

At17,shewasclumsy,shyandawkward.17岁时，她做事笨手笨脚，既害羞又不灵活。

22.Monsieur:

[ə＇sjə:

]（pl）messieurs[mei＇sjə:

z]（法）先生

23.Sou[su:

]BrE:

（old-fashioned）averysmallamountofmoney极少量的钱

24.Bolt[bəut]v.

tosuddenlystarttorunveryfastbecauseyouarefrightened奔，窜

Thehorserearedupandbolted.马后腿直立起来，迅速奔离。

toescapefromsomewhere逃跑

25.Panic:

[＇pænik]n.（usuallysingular）asuddenstrongfeelingoffearornervousnessthatmakesyouunabletothinkclearlyorbehavesensibly惶恐，惊恐，惊慌

getintoapanic/bethrowninto（a）panic:

Shegotintoarealpanicwhenshethoughtshe’dlostthetickets.她十分惊慌，以为自己把入场券丢了。

inpanic恐慌地；惊慌地

ShoppersfledthestreetinpanicaftertwobombsexplodedincentralLondon.两枚炸弹在伦敦市区爆炸后，购物者惊慌失措地逃离了那条大街。

26.Venture[＇ventʃə]v.

（always+adv/prep）toriskgoingsomewherewhenitcouldbedangerous冒风险（去某处），冒险：

（+out/through/intoetc）

Today’sthefirsttimeI’veventuredoutofdoorssincemyillness.

tosaysomethingalthoughyouareafraidofhowsomeonemayreacttoit敢于说，大胆表示

Venturetodosth:

Nobodyventuredtosayaword.

Ventureanopinion（saywhatyouthink）大胆提出意见

27.Belgium:

[＇beldʒiəm]比利时

Belgian[＇beldʒən]adj.比利时的，比利时人

28.Slink:

[sliŋk]（slunk,slunk）v.（always+adv/prep）tomovesomewherequietlyandsecretly,especiallybecauseyouareafraidorashamed鬼鬼祟祟地走，偷偷溜走（+away/off/backetc）

Isawyouslinkingoffearly!

我看见你一早就偷偷溜走。

29.Stray:

[strei]v.

toleavetheplacewhereyoushouldbewithoutintendingto走失，迷路，走离

tobegintodealwithadifferentsubjectthanthemainone,withoutintendingto偏离主题

strayinto/ontosth:

We’restrayingintoethnicissueshere.我们现在偏离主题，讨论起种族问题来了。

30.Quarter:

[＇kwɔ:

tə]anareaofatownorcitywhereaparticularkindofpeopletypicallyliveorwork区，地区

thestudentquarter学生居住区

31.Dodge:

[dɔdʒ]①tomovequicklyinordertoavoidbeinghitbysomeoneorsomething（快速）躲开，避开，闪开

Imanagedtododgetheshotthatcameflyingthroughtheair.我设法避开了飞来的一球。

tomovequicklyinaparticulardirectiontoavoidsomeoneorsomething快速朝某个方向移动，躲闪（+into/out/behindetc）

Hedodgedinandoutofthetraffic.他在车流中东躲西闪。

32.Grindstone:

[＇graindstəun]n.[C]alargestonethatisturnedlikeawheelwhiletools,knivesetcarerubbedagainstittomakethemsharp磨刀石，砂轮

keepyournosetothegrindstone:

toworkveryhard,withoutstoppingtorest努力工作，一刻不停地苦干

33.Snivel:

[＇snivəl]（sniveled,sniveling）BrE（sniveled,sniveling）v.tobehaveorspeakinaweakcomplainingway,especiallywhenyouarecrying啜泣，抽泣，哭诉

Iwarnedyou–sodon’tcomesnivelingbacktomewhenitallgoeswrong!

我早就警告过你，所以现在出了问题，你就不要哭哭啼啼地来找我！

asnivelingcoward哭哭啼啼的胆小鬼

34.Self-pity:

[U]thefeelingofbeingsorryforyourselfbecauseyouhavebeenunluckyoryouthinkpeoplehavetreatedyoubadly自怜

35.refrain:

[ri＇frein]tonotdosththatyouwanttodo克制，节制，忍住

refrainfromdoingsth

Kindlyrefrainfromsmoking.请勿抽烟。

36.Funk:

[fʌŋk]n.veryunhappy,worried,orafraidaboutsth（为某事而）沮丧，焦虑，惊恐

She’sbeeninafunkeversinceshefailedthatexam.自从那次考试不及格后，她就一直很沮丧。

ina（blue）funk

37.Prostitute娼妓，妓女

38.Outweigh:

[aut＇wei]v.tobemoreimportantorvaluablethansthelse比…更重要，比…更有价值

Theadvantagesofthisplanfaroutweighthedisadvantages.该计划的利远大于弊。

39.Complication:

[¸kɔmpli＇keiʃən]（C,pl）

并发症

[C,U]aproblemorsituationthatmakessthmoredifficulttounderstandordealwith使复杂化的问题/情况

Thefactthattheplanewaslateaddedafurthercomplicationtoourjourney.飞机误点给我们的旅行带来更大麻烦。

40.Redeem[ri＇di:

m]（formal）v.tomakesthlessbad补偿，补救

Olivier’sperformanceredeemedwhatwasotherwiseasecond-rateplay.要不是奥利维尔的表演，这就是一出二流的戏。

redeemingfeature:

（theonegoodthingaboutsomeoneorsththatisunpleasant）起弥补作用的特点

abrutalman,whoseoneredeemingfeaturewashishonesty一个残忍的人，他的唯一可取之处是诚实

41.Annihilate:

[ə＇naiəleit]v.todestroysthorsomeonecompletely彻底摧毁；消灭

stockpilesofweaponsthatcouldannihilatemankind贮藏大量能够摧毁人类的武器

42.Craven:

[＇kreivən]adj.completelylackingcourage,cowardly懦弱的，胆小的

43.Indifferent:

[in＇difrənt]adj.notcaringaboutwhatishappening,especiallyaboutotherpeople’sproblemsorfeelings（尤指对别人的困难或感情）不关心的，不在乎的（+to）

Customsofficialswereindifferenttotheirplight海关官员对他们的困境无动于衷

44.Vaguely:

[＇veigli]adv.

Slightly稍微

Therewassomethingvaguelyfamiliarabouthim.对他稍微有点熟悉。

inawaythatshowsyouarenotthinkingaboutwhatyouaredoing心不在焉地

Hesmiledvaguelyattheceiling.

45.Anodyne:

[＇ænədain]n.[C]①amedicinethatreducespain镇痛药

anactivityorthingthatcomfortspeople给人以安慰的活动（事物）

46.Consolation:

[¸kɔnsə＇leiʃən]n.安慰，带来安慰的人或事物

Console[kən＇səul]v.tomakesomeonefeelbetterwhenthey