高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二人文社会类I.docx

高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二人文社会类I.docx

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高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二人文社会类I

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二人文社会类（I）

单词识记：

century　　　form　　　governmentorganization

rulehistoricalcharitycouncil

bancampaignfederalroyal

administrationdonatedynastygovern

incidentministryoriginrepublic

短语扫描：

believein信任；相信……的存在

abanon...……的禁令

bansb.from（doing）sth.禁止某人（做）某事

theFederalBureauofInvestigation（FBI）联邦调查局

beyondbelief难以置信

raisemoneyfor为……筹款

intheformof以……的形式

beagainsttherules违反规定

ruleout排除；取消

theWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）世界卫生组织

[跟踪训练]

Ⅰ.语境填词

1.Shewasawomanofhighpositioninthe（govern）.

2.Iwasaskedto（组织）thetrip，butImesseditup.

3.Thebookprovidessomeinteresting（history）facts.

4.Darwincameupwithhisideaaboutthe（original）ofman.

5.Asisknowntousall，such（事故）oftenresultinwar.

Ⅱ.单项填空

6.You’dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakearequestaquestion.

A.insearchofB.intheformof

C.inneedofD.inthedirectionof

7.Shortlyaftertheearthquake，manypeoplehurriedtothehospitaltotheirblood.

A.donateB.share

C.exchangeD.promote

8.Ifyoucanfindataskinlifeworthworkingforandyourself，nothingcanstopyou.

A.letoutB.turnin

C.giveupD.believein

9.Asapeacelovingcountry，we’lldeclareatotalonnucleararms.

A.banB.arrival

C.controlD.movement

10.Theexperimenthasthepossibilityoftheexistenceofanylifeonthatplanet，butitdoesnotmeanthereisnolifeonotherplanets.

A.foundoutB.pointedout

C.ruledoutD.carriedout

Ⅰ.阅读理解

MorethanfourdecadesagoBritishscientistRobertEdwardsfirstwitnessedthemiracleofhumanlifegrowinginsideatesttubeathisCambridgelab.Sincethatgroundbreakingmoment，morethanfourmillionbabieshavebeenbornthroughIVFandinxxhisgreatcontributiontosciencewasfinallyrecognizedashewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine.

TheprizeforDrEdwards，whowasgivenaDailyMirrorPrideofBritainAwardinxx，includesa￡900,000check.TheNobelAssemblydescribedIVFasa“milestoneinmodernmedicine”.

WiththehelpoffellowscientistPatrickSteptoe，theManchesterbornphysiologistdevelopedIVF—leadingtothebirthoftheworld’sfirsttesttubebaby.DrSteptoedied10yearslaterbuttheirworkhastransformedfertilitytreatmentandgivenhopetomillionsofcouples.

Itwasascientificbreakthroughthattransformedthelivesofmillionsofcouples.Theysaid，“Hisachievementshavemadeitpossibletotreatinfertility，adiseasewhichmakeshumanunabletohaveababy.Thisconditionhasbeenafflictingalargepercentageofmankindincludingmorethan10%ofallcouplesworldwide.”

LouiseBrown，theworld’sfirsttesttubebaby，madeinternationalheadlineswhenshewasborninOldham，Manchester，in1978toparentsLesleyandJohnwhohadbeenfruitlesslytryingforababysince1969.

IVFinvitrofertilizationistheprocesswherebyeggcellsarefertilizedoutsidethebodybeforebeingimplantedinthewomb.AfteracycleofIVF，theprobabilityofacouplewithinfertilityproblemshavingababyisoneinfive—thesameashealthycoupleswhoconceivenaturally.

ProfessorEdwards，whohasfivedaughtersand11grandchildren，beganhisresearchatCambridgeUniversityin1963，afterreceivinghisPhDin1955.Heoncesaid，“Themostimportantthinginlifeishavingachild.Nothingismorespecialthanachild.”WiththehelpoffellowscientistPatrickSteptoe，ProfEdwardsfoundedtheBournHallclinicinCambridgeshire，whichnowtreatsmorethan900womenayear.Eachyear，morethan30,000womeninBritainnowundergoIVFand11,000babiesarebornasaresultofthetreatment.

ButhisworkattractedwidespreadcriticismfromsomescientistsandtheCatholicChurchwhosaiditwas“unethicalandimmoral”.

MartinJohnson，professorofreproductivesciencesattheUniversityofCambridge，saidtheawardwas“longoverdue”.Hesaid，“Wecouldn’tunderstandwhytheNobelhasesolatebutheisdelighted—thisisthecherryonthecakeforhim.”

ProfessorEdwardswastooilltogiveinterviewsbutastatementreleasedbyhisfamilysaidhewas“thrilledanddelighted”.

1.WhatisRobertEdwards’contributiontoscience?

A.Enablingmillionsofcouplestoliveabetterlife.

B.Seeingthewonderofthefirsttubebabygrowing.

C.Helpingcoupleswithinfertilitytohavetubebabies.

D.Challengingadiseasewhichstopshumanhavingababy.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“afflicting”（Paragraph4）mostprobablyreferto?

A.Troubling.B.Developing.

C.Improving.D.Confusing.

3.WhydidProfessorEdwardsbeginhisresearchontubebaby?

A.Becausehethoughtitwasofgreatsignificancetohaveachildinlife.

B.Becausethebirthratearoundtheworldwasunexpectedlylowthen.

C.Becauseaspecialchilddidmakeadifferencetoanordinaryfamily.

D.Becausehisfellowscientistwantedtogivehopetotheunluckycouples.

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.LifeStoriesofRobertEdwards

B.PreparationsforHavingaBaby

C.NobelPrizeforIVFExpertEdwards

D.TreatmentofInfertilityinaLab

Ⅱ.任务型阅读

（xx·苏北四市质检）

TheGREATESTJourney

Ihadlunchlastweekwithahighrankingbusinesswomanforafortune500pany.Iaskedherwhattipsshewouldgivetosomeoneearlyintheircareer.Withouthesitationshejumpedrightintofourkeystoherprofessionalclimb：

Knowyourbusiness.Nevergetsatisfactionwithyourindustryoryourposition.Inmostcases，theknowledgeyouholdnowisnotgoodenoughtostandthetestoftime.Thus，youmustkeepworkingtostayontopofwhat’snewandwhat’singdownthepipeline.Thisiswhatreallycounts，especiallyearlyinaprofessionalcareer，asmanyentrylevelassociatesarecontenttobegainfullyemployed.

Pickcareerswithcare.Again，earlyinyourcareeritiseasytorunafterthejobthatoffersthemostmoney.Inthecaseofalifelongcareermoneycannotanswerallthings.Ifyouaregoingtobeanentrepreneurthenyou’llprobablystartwithabudgetofzero.Yet，ifyouhavethediscipline，workingforyourselfcouldbethebestchoiceyou’veevermade.

Ifyouaregoingtoworkforapanyyouhavetodoyourhomework.Ifyoufindapanythatconsistswithyourvaluesandproducesaproductthatyou100%believein，thenyou’llhaveaneasytimegivingthatorganizationyourall.

Bepersonable.Ifeveryonehatestobearoundyouattheoffice，it’stimetocheckyourattitude.We’veallheardatleastoneanecdoteaboutagreatthinkerwithgreatskillswhodrovecoworkerscrazy.Someway，somehowmanyofthebrightestandbestlackthe“peopleskills”toadvancebeyondanentrylevelposition.

Inshort，youmusthavetheinterpersonalinsighttointeractwithinternalandexternalcontacts.Ifnot，youmayfindthatyouareunimportantoncesomeonewithsoftskillsjoinstheorganization.Why？

Peoplehavetobuyyoubeforetheyeverbuytheproductyou’reselling.

Bewillingtomove.ThisiswhereIgotpuzzled.Shesharedhowshelivedinsevenstatesstillworkingforthesameorganization.

Muchismadeofmovingintoday’sattemptstoclimbthecorporateladder.Asmoreandmorepaniesextendtohaveaglobalreach，itiseasytounderstandwhynewopportunitiesbirthinvariouslocations.

Whateverthepath，outlineinyourheartwhatdestinationyouhopetoreachandthiswillbeakeyindicatorastowhichjourneywillbegreatestforyou.

Title：

TheGreatestJourney

PassageOutlines

SupportingDetails

Informationaboutabusinesswoman

·Sheheldahigh5.inafortune500pany.

·Sheworkedforthesameorganization6.thefactthatshelivedinsevenstates.

7.onprofessionalclimb

Knowyourbusiness.

·Don’tfixeyesonthefinancial8.intheinitialstage.

·Bemodestaboutyourperformanceintheposition，foryouneedtobetteryourknowledgesoasnottolagbehind.

Pickcareers9..

·Don’trunafterwellpayingjobsearlyinyourcareer.

·Workinanidealpanyandyouarewillingtobe10.tothatorganization.

Bepersonable.

·11.drivingcoworkerscrazyforlackofsocialskills.

·Tryto12.othersbothinternallyandexternallysothatnoonecanshakeyourfoundationsintheorganization.

Bewillingtomove.

Asanincreasingnumberofpanies13.theirbusinessglobally，newopportunitiesariseaccordingly.

Conclusion

Withyourdreamingdestination14.inmind，youwillbenavigatedthroughthegreatestjourney.

答案精析

高考高频单词与短语识记排查

跟踪训练

Ⅰ.1.government　2.organize　3.historical　4.origin5.incidents

Ⅱ.6.B　[考查介词短语辨析。

句意：

如果你以提问的方式提出要求听起来会礼貌得多。

intheformof“用……的形式”，符合题意。

]

7.A　[考查动词辨析。

句意为：

地震后不久，很多人争先恐后到医院去献血。

donate捐赠；share分享；exchange交换；promote促销，提升。

故选A。

]

8.D　[句意为：

如果你能找到一项生命中值得为之努力的工作并相信自己，那么没有什么事能够阻挡你（成功）。

believein相信，符合语境。

letout泄露，发出；turnin上交，呈交；giveup放弃。

]

9.A　[句意为：

作为一个热爱和平的国家，我们宣布全面禁止核武器。

ban禁止，符合题意。

]

10.C　[考查动词短语的辨析。

句意为：

这次试验已经排除了那个星球上存在任何生命的可能性，但是并不意味着别的星球上没有生命。

findout发现，查明；pointout指出；ruleout划去，排除；carryout执行，进行。

答案为C项。

]

阅读能力专练

Ⅰ.

语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章讲述了诺贝尔奖获得者英国科学家RobertEdwards对人类的贡献——试管婴儿。

人们对这件事的评价褒贬不一。

1.C　[细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Sincethatgroundbreakingmoment，morethanfourmillionbabieshavebeenbornthroughIVFandinxxhisgreatcontributiontosciencewasfinallyrecognizedashewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine.”及第四段内容可知，他对世界的贡献在于使得不孕夫妇通过试管婴儿拥有了自己的孩子。

]

2.A　[词义猜测题。

根据画线词上一句“Hisachievementshavemadeitpossibletotreatinfertility，adiseasewhichmakeshumanunabletohaveababy.”可知，不孕症一直困扰着全世界10%的夫妇。

afflict折磨，使痛苦。

]

3.A　[细节理解题。

根据第七段前三句“ProfessorEdwards，whohasfivedaughtersand11grandchildren，beganhisresearchatCambridgeUniversityin1963，afterreceivinghisPhDin1955.Heoncesaid，‘Themostimportantthinginlifeishavingachild.Nothingismorespecialthanachild.’”可知，他认为孩子在家庭生活中是非常重要的，于是开始研究试管婴儿，帮助不孕夫妇。

]

4.C　[标题归纳题。

本文讲述了诺贝尔奖获得者英国科学家RobertEdwards的主要贡献——试管婴儿。

]

Ⅱ.

5.rank/position　[根据第一段提到“Ihadlunchlastweekwithahighranki