英语4级真题.docx
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英语4级真题
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试卷代号:
A
大学英语四级考试
COLLEGEENGLISHTEST
-BandFour-
(4XSH1)
试题册
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注意事项
一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上,将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。
二、试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场,考试结束,监考员收卷后考生才可离开。
三、仔细读懂题目的说明。
四、在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。
30分钟后,考生按指令启封试题册,在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题,然后监考员收取答题卡1,考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。
全部答题时间为125分钟,不得拖延时间。
五、考生必须在答题卡上作答,凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。
六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案;如多选,则该题无分。
选定答案后,用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一横线。
正确方法是:
[A][B][C][D]
使用其它符号答题者不给分。
划线要有一定粗度,浓度要盖过字母底色。
七、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。
若被他人抄袭,一经发现,后果自负。
全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会
PartIWriting(30minutes)
注意:
此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofDueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2.出现这种情况的原因
3.为了改变这种状况,我认为…
DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
CaughtintheWeb
Afewmonthsago,itwasn'tunusualfor47-year-oldCarlaToebetospend15hoursperdayonline.She'dwakeupearly,turnonherlaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-messagingprograms–leavingherbedforonlybriefintervals.Herhouseholdbillspiledup,alongwiththedishesanddirtylaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfourdaughtersbeforesherealizedshehadaproblem.
"Iwasstartingtofeellikemywholeworldwasfallingapart–kindofslippingintoadepression,"saidCarla."IknewthatifIdidn'tgetoffthedatingsites,I'djustkeepgoing,"detaching(使脱离)herselffurtherfromtheoutsideworld.
Toebe'sconclusion:
Shefeltlikeshewas"addicted"totheInternet.She'snotalone.
ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisn'tnew.Asfarbackas1995,articlesinmedicaljournalsandtheestablishmentofaPennsylvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterestinthesubject.There'sstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeonlineconstitutestoomuchorwhetheraddictionispossible.
ButasrelianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatthequestionisgettingmoreseriousattention:
Lastmonth,astudypublishedinCNSSpectrumsclaimedtobethefirstlarge-scalelookatexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationmayconsiderlistingInternetaddictioninthenexteditionofitsdiagnosticmanual.AndscoresofonlinediscussionboardshavepoppeduponwhichpeoplediscussnegativeexperiencestiedtotoomuchtimeontheWeb.
"There'snoquestionthatthere'repeoplewho'reseriouslyintroublebecausethey'reoverdoingtheirInternetinvolvement,"saidpsychiatrist(精神科医生)IvanGoldberg.Goldbergcallstheproblemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.
JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspecializinginonlinecommunities,ismoreskeptical."TheInternetisanenvironment,"hesaid."Youcan'tbeaddictedtotheenvironment."Bishopdescribestheproblemassimplyamatterofpriorities,whichcanbesolvedbyencouragingpeopletoprioritizeotherlifegoalsandplansinplaceoftimespentonline.
ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresultsofanationwidetelephonesurveyofmorethan2,500adults.Likethe2005survey,thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.About6%ofrespondentsreportedthat"theirrelationshipssufferedbecauseofexcessiveInternetuse."About9%attemptedtoconceal"nonessentialInternetuse,"andnearly4%reportedfeeling"preoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffline."
About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapeproblems,andalmost14%reportedthey"foundithardtostayawayfromtheInternetforseveraldaysatatime."
"TheInternetproblemisstillinitsinfancy,"saidEliasAboujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.Nosingleonlineactivityistoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid."They'reonlineinchatrooms,checkinge-mail,orwritingblogs.[Theproblemis]notlimitedtoporn(色情)orgambling"websites.
ExcessiveInternetuseshouldbedefinednotbythenumberofhoursspentonlinebut"intermsoflosses,"saidMaressaOrzack,aHarvardUniversityprofessor."Ifit'saloss[where]you'renotgettingtowork,andfamilyrelationshipsarebreakingdownasaresult,thenit'stoomuch."
Sincetheearly1990s,severalclinicshavebeenestablishedintheU.S.totreatheavyInternetusers.TheyincludetheCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInternetBehavior.
ThewebsiteforOrzack'scenterliststhefollowingamongthepsychologicalsymptomsofcomputeraddiction:
●Havingasenseofwell-being(幸福)orexcitementwhileatthecomputer.
●Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.
●Neglectoffamilyandfriends.
●Feelingempty,depressedorirritablewhennotatthecomputer.
●Lyingtoemployersandfamilyaboutactivities.
●Inabilitytostoptheactivity.
●Problemswithschoolorjob.
Physicalsymptomslistedincludedryeyes,backaches,skippingmeals,poorpersonalhygiene(卫生)andsleepdisturbances.
PeoplewhostrugglewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepressedorhaveothermooddisorders,Orzacksaid.WhenshediscussesInternethabitswithherpatients,theyoftenreportthatbeingonlineoffersa"senseofbelonging,andescape,excitement[and]fun,"shesaid."Somepeoplesayrelief…becausetheyfindthemselvessorelaxed."
SomepartsoftheInternetseemtodrawpeopleinmorethanothers.Internetgamersspendcountlesshourscompetingingamesagainstpeoplefromallovertheworld.Onesuchgame,calledWorldofWarcraft,iscitedonmanysitesbyposterscomplainingofa"gamingaddiction."
AndrewHeidrich,aneducationnetworkadministratorfromSacramento,playsWorldofWarcraftforabouttwotofourhourseveryothernight,butthat'snothingcomparedwiththe40to60hoursaweekhespentplayingonlinegameswhenhewasincollege.Hecutbackonlyafterafull-scalefamilyintervention(干预),inwhichrelativestoldhimhe'dgainedweight.
"There'sthiswholecultureofcompetitionthatsuckspeoplein"withonlinegaming,saidHeidrich,nowafatheroftwo."Peopledoitattheexpenseofeverythingthatwasaconstantintheirlives."Heidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussgamingaddictionregularly"toremindmyselftokeepmyloveforonlinegamesincheck."
ToebealsoregularlyvisitsasitewherepostersdiscussInternetoveruse.InAugust,whenshefirstrealizedshehadaproblem,shepostedamessageonaYahooInternetaddictiongroupwiththesubjectline:
"IhaveanInternetAddiction."
"I'mself-employedandneedtheInternetformywork,butI'mfailingtoaccomplishmywork,totakecareofmyhome,togiveattentiontomychildren,"shewroteinamessagesenttothegroup."Ihavenomoneyorinsurancetogetprofessionalhelp;Ican'tevenpaymymortgage(抵押贷款)andfacelosingeverything."
Sincethen,Toebesaid,shehaskeptherpromisetoherselftocutbackonherInternetuse."Ihaveaboyfriendnow,andI'mnotinterestedinonlinedating,"shesaidbyphonelastweek."It'salotbetternow."
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.WhateventuallymadeCarlaToeberealizeshewasspendingtoomuchtimeontheInternet?
A)Herdaughter'srepeatedcomplaints.
B)Fatigueresultingfromlackofsleep.
C)Thepoorlymanagedstateofherhouse.
D)Thehighfinancialcostsaddingup.
2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutexcessiveInternetuse?
A)Peopleshouldbewarnedofitsharmfulconsequences.
B)Ithasbecomevirtuallyinevitable.
C)Ithasbeensomewhatexaggerated.
D)Peoplehaven'tyetreachedagreementonitsdefinition.
3.JonathanBishopbelievesthattheInternetoveruseproblemcanbesolvedifpeople______.
A)trytoimprovetheInternetenvironment
B)becomeawareofitsseriousconsequences
C)canrealizewhatisimportantinlife
D)canreachaconsensusonitsdefinition
4.AccordingtoProfessorMaressaOrzack,Internetusewouldbeconsideredexcessiveif______.
A)itseriouslyaffectedfamilyrelationships
B)onevisitedpornwebsitesfrequently
C)toomuchtimewasspentinchatrooms
D)peoplegotinvolvedinonlinegambling
5.AccordingtoOrzack,peoplewhostrugglewithheavyrelianceontheInternetmayfeel______.
A)discouraged
B)pressured
C)depressed
D)puzzled
6.WhydidAndreHeidrichcutbackonlinegaming?
A)Hehadlostalotofmoney.
B)Hisfamilyhadintervened.
C)Hehadoffendedhisrelatives.
D)Hiscareerhadbeenruined.
7.AndrewHeidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdi