高考英语词汇3500词根词缀讲解.docx
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高考英语词汇3500词根词缀讲解
词汇表说明:
1.本表共收约3500个单词。
2.带*号的单词为八级要求掌握的词汇。
3.本词汇表不列词组和短语。
4.本词汇表不列语法术语。
5.部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等不单列。
6.国家名称及相关信息单独列出。
7.数字(含基数词、序数词)、星期、月份等词单独列出。
A
a(an)art.
*abandonv.
abilityn.
ablea.
*abnormala.[ab-=away离;normal正常的]
aboardprep.[a-=on在;broad宽的→在很远的一边]
*abolishv.
*abortionn.[ab-=away离;ort=born生]
aboutad.&prep.
aboveprep.,a.&ad.
abroada.&ad.
*abrupta.[ab-离开;rupt=break破裂]
*absencen.
absenta.[ab-=away离;sent=be存在]
*absolutea.[solv,solute=loosen放松]
absorbv.[ab-=awayfrom离;sorb,sorpt=suckin吸收]
*abstracta.&n.[abs-(ab-)=away离开;tract=draw拉,抽,引→抽去、抽出]
abstraction[见上;-ion名词后缀]
*absurda.[ab-=away离;surd=dull]
*abundanta.[ab-加强语义;und,ound=wave,flow波浪,流→水量大→量多,丰富,充裕]
abundance
*abusev.[ab-=away离;use使用→偏离正道地使用]
academica.&n.
*academyn.
*acceleratev.[ac-(ab-)加强意义;celer快,速]
accentn.[cent,cant发声,唱]
acceptv.[ac-加强意义;cap,capt,cep,cept,cip,ceiv=take,hold拿,取]
*accessn.&v.[ac-(ad-)=to到;cess,ceed,ced=go行走]
*accessiblea.[ac-(ad-)=to到,cess,ceed,ced=go行走;-ible构成形容词,表示可…的、能…的、易…的、具有某种性质的]
accidentn.[ac-(ad-)=at,to;cid=fall降临、发生;-ent构成名词,表示人、物(…药…剂)]
*accommodationn.[ac-加强意义;commod便利,方便;-ate动词后缀→向他人提供便利]
*accompanyv.[com-=together共同,一起;pan=bread面包→吃;同吃→伙伴]
*accomplishv.[ple,plet全,满]
accountn.[count=count计算]
*accountantn.[count=count计算]
*accumulatev.
*accuracyn.
accuratea.[cur=care关心]
accusev.
*accustomeda.
achev.&n.
achievev.
achievementn.
acida.[acid=sour酸的]
*acknowledgev.[ac-(ad-)=at在;knowledge=know知道]
*acquaintancen.[quaint=know]
*acquirev.[ac-(ad-)=to到;quer,quest,quir,quis=seek寻,求,问]
*acquisitionn.[quer,quest,quir,quis=seek寻,求,问]
acren.
acrossprep.
actn.&v.[act=do做]
actionn.[act=do做;-ion构成名词,表示行为、状态、(行动的)结果]
activea.[act=do做;-ive构成名词和形容词,表示(能)做某事的(人或物)]
activityn.[act=do做;-ive构成名词和形容词,表示(能)做某事的(人或物);-(i)ty构成名词,表具有某种特性的状态或事物]
actorn.[act=do做;-or=-er构成名词,表示……的人]
actressn.[act=do做;-or=-er构成名词,表示…的人;-ess构成名词,表示女性、雌性]
actuala.[act=do做;-ual,-al构成名词和形容词,表示…的,与…有关的]
*acutea.
ADn.
ad=advertisementn.
*adaptv.[ad-=to到;apt=fit适合]
*adaptationn.
addv.
*addicteda.[ad-=to到;dict=say说→对…说→对…表示赞成→纵情于]
*additionn.
addressn.
*adequatea.[ad-=to到;equ=equal相等;-ate形容词后缀,…的→与所需要的数量相等的]
*adjustv.
*adjustmentn.
administrationn.[ad-=to对;minister大臣,部长;-ation名词后缀,表示行为或由行为面产生的事物]
administer
administrator[见上;-ator表示人]
administrative[见上;-ative形容词后缀,…的]
*admirablea.[ad-=at对;mir=wonder惊奇,惊异→惊叹;-able形容词后缀,可…的]
admirev.[ad-=at对;mir=wonder惊奇,惊异→惊叹]
admirer[见上;-er表示人]
admiration[见上;-ation名词后缀,表示行为、情况]
admitv.[ad-=to,into去,进;mit,miss=send发,送→送进去,放进去]
*admissionn.
*adolescencen.
*adolescentn.
*adoptv.[ad-=to向;opt=choose,desire选择,希望]
*adorev.[or,orat=pray,address祷告,说话]
adultn.[ad-=to到;ult=growup成长]
advancev.&n.[ad-=to;van前,先→往前]
advanced
advantagen.[ad-=to;van前,先→往前;-age名词后缀,表示情况→占先]
advantageous
adventuren.[ad-=to到;ven,vent=come来;-ure名词后缀,表示结果→来到某人身上的事情]
advertisev.[ad-=to向;vert,vers=turn转;-ise动词后缀→使人的注意力转向→使人注意到]
advertisementn.[见上;-ment名词后缀,表示行为,行为的结果]
advicen.[ad-=to向;vis,vid=see看;字母变换s=c→看法,意见]
advisev.[ad-=to向;vis,vid=see看→看法,意见→向别人提出自己的看法]
adviser,advisor[见上;-er或-or表示人]
advisory[见上;-ory形容词后缀,…的]
*advocatev.[ad-=to对,向;voc,vok=call,voice叫喊,声音;-ate动词后缀→向某人呼喊→极力主张]
advocator[见上;-or表示人]
affairn.[fair=do]
*affectv.[af-(ad-)=to对;fect,fac,fect,fic=do,make做→对…做了某事]
*affectionn.
affordv.
afraida.
African.
Africana.&n.
afterad.,prep.&conj.
afternoonn.
afterward(s)ad.
againad.
againstprep.
agen.
*agencyn.[ag,act=do做;ency=ancy构成名词,表示…的状态,…的性质]
*agendan.[ag,act=do做;enda(a表示复数),表示待做的事情]
*agentn.[ag,act=do做;ent=ant构成名词和形容词,表示做…的人,用作…的东西]
*aggressivea.[ag-(ad-)=to向;gress走→走向→来到→闯来→进攻;-ive形容词后缀,…的]
aggression[见上;-ion名词后缀]
aggressor[见上;-or表示人]
agoad.
agreev.
agreementn.
*agriculturala.[agri=field田地,农田;cult耕作;-ure名词后缀;-al形容词后缀,…的]
*agriculturen.
aheadad.
aidn.&v.
AIDSn.
aimn.&v.
airn.
aircraftn.
airlinen.
airmailn.
airplanen.
airportn.
airspacen.
*alarmn.&v.
*albumn.
alcoholn.
*alcoholica.&n.
*algebran.
alikead.
alivea.[a-=in在…(状态)中;live=life生命→在生存的状态中]
allad.,a.&pron.
allergica.[all(allos)=other其他的;erg=work功能→作用;-ic形容词后缀]
*alleyn.
*allocatev.[al-(ad-)=to于;loc=place地方;-ate动词后缀,使…→使某物放置于某地]
allowv.
*allowancen.
almostad.
alonea.
alongad.&prep.[long=long长]
*alongsidead.
aloudad.[a-=in在…中;loud大声的]
alphabetn.
alreadyad.
alsoad.
*alternativea.[ali,alter=theother其它,另一]
althoughconj.
*altituden.[alt=high高;-itude名词后缀]
altogetherad.
aluminium(Amaluminum)n.
alwaysad.
amv.(be)
a.m./am,A.M./AMn.
*amateura.[am,amat=love爱;-eur=-er,表示…的人]
amazev.
amazinga.
American.
Ambassador(ambassadress)n.
*ambiguousa.
*ambitionn.[it=go走]
ambulance[ambul=walk行,走;-ance名词后缀→跟随军队在野外到处行走流动的医院]
amongprep.
amountn.&v.[mount登上,上升]
*amplea.[ampl=large大的,宽的]
*amusev.
amusementn.
analyse(Amanalyze)v.[ana-再;lys,lyt分,结,溶,散]
analysisn.[ana-再;lys,lyt分,结,溶,散;-sis名词后缀]
ancestorn.
*anchorv.&n.
ancienta.
andconj.
*anecdoten.
angern.
anglen.[angl,angul=angle角]
angrya.
animaln.[anim=breath,life,soul气息,生命,心灵;-al构成抽象名词]
anklen.
*anniversaryn.[ann,enn=year年;vers,vert=turn转;-ary构成名词,表示人、物、场所→时间转了一年]
announcev.[nounc,nunci=tell,speak讲述]
announcementn.[nounc,nunci=tell,speak讲述]
annoyv.
*annuala.[ann,enn=year年;-al构成形容词,表示属于…的、具有…性质的、如…的]
anothera.&pron.
answern.&v.
antn.
Antarcticn.
*antiquen.[ante,anti=before前]
anxietyn.
anxiousa.
anypron.&a.
anybodypron.
anyhowad.
anyonepron.
anythingpron.
anywayad.
anywheread.
*apartad.&a.[part分开]
apartmentn.[part分开]
apologizev.[apo-分开,离开,脱开;log=speach言,说;-ize动词后缀→说开]
apologyn.[apo-分开,离开,脱开;log=speach言,说]
*apparenta.[ap-(ad-)加强语义;par,per=come出现,显现;-ent形容词后缀]
*appeala.&n.
appearv.[ap-(ad-)=to向;pearpar,per=come出现,显现→向……走来]
appearancen.
*appendixn.[pend,pens=hang悬挂]
*appetiten.[ap-=to向;pet,petit=seek追求→渴求,渴望]
appetizingadj.开胃的,促进食欲的
appetizern.开胃食品;刺激欲望的事物
*applaudv.&n.[plaud,plaus=claphands鼓掌认可]
applen.
*applicantn.
applicationn.
applyv.
*appointv.
appointmentn.
appreciatev.[ap-(ad-)=to;preci=price价值;-ate动词后缀]
*appreciationn.[见上;-ion名词后缀,表示行为]
approachn.&v.
*appropriatea.[propr,proper=one’sown,special自己的,特别的]
*approvaln.[prob,prov=test,prove试验,验证]
*approvev.[prob,prov=test,prove试验,验证]
approximatelyad.[promix近]
Apriln.[aper=open开]
apronn
*arbitrarya.
*archn.[arc,arch=bow弓]
architectn.[tect=builder建筑者]
*architecturen.
Arcticn.
arev.(be)
arean.
arguev.
argumentn.
arise(arose,arisen)v.
arithmeticn.
armn.&v.
armchairn.
armyn.
aroundad.&prep.
arrangev.
arrangementn.
arrestv.[rest=remain]
arrivaln.[ar-(ad-)=to到;riv河,河岸→抵达岸边]
arrivev.[ar-(ad-)=to到;riv河,河岸→抵达岸边]
arrown.
artn.[art=art,skill技艺]
articlen.
artificiala.
artistn.
asad.,conj.&prep.
ashn.
ashameda.
Asian.
Asiana.&n.
asidead.[a-=on在……]
askv.
asleepa.[a-=in在……中;sleep睡眠→在睡眠状态中]
aspectn.[a-(ad-)=to,spect=look看→外观]
*assessv.[as-(ad-)=to,at在;sess,sid=sit坐→(法官等在法庭)就座→做判断,估计]
*assessmentn.
*assistv.[as-(ad-)=at在;sist=stand站立→站在某人旁边]
*assistancen.[见上;-ance名词后缀]
assistantn.
*associatev.[soci=companion伙伴,联合,结合]
associationn.[soci=companion伙伴,联合,结合]
*assumev.[sum=take]
*assumptionn.
astonishv.[ton=sound,tone声音]
astronautn.[aster,astr=star星;nav,naut=ship船→航行者]
astronomern.
astronomyn.[nomy学,术,法,治]
atprep.
athleten.
*athletica.
Atlantica.
atmospheren.[atmo气,雾;spher球,圈,层]
atomn.[a-=not不;tom=cut切,分]
attachv.[tach=nail]
attackv.&n.
*attainv.[tain=enough]
attemptv.&n.[temp=try]
*attendv.[at-(ad)=to向,tend,tends,tent=stretch伸→把精神或心思伸向]
attentionn.[见上;tent=tend;-ion名词后缀]
attentive[见上;-ive形容词后缀,……的]
attituden.
attractv.[at-(ad-)=to;tract=draw拉,抽,引]
*attractionn.[见上;-ion名词后缀]
attractivea.[见上;-ive形容词后缀,……的]
audiencen.[audi,audit=hear听;-ence构成名词(构成形容词用-ent),表示性质、状态、行为]
Augustn.[aug=increase增加]
auntn.
authentica.
authorn.
authorityn.
automatica.[auto=self自]
*autonomousa.[auto=self自;nom治理;-ous形容词后缀]
autonomyn.[auto=self自;nom治理;-y名词后缀]
autumnn
availablea.
avenuen.[a-(ad)=to到;ven,vent=come来;-ue名词后缀,表示物→让人们来到某个目标的路]
averagea.&n.
avoidv.
awake(awoke,awoken)v.&a.
awardn.
awarea.
awayad.[a-=on在……上;way路→在路上,不在某地方]
*awesomea.
awfula.
*awkwarda.
B
babyn.
*bachelorn.
backad.,a.&n.
backgroundn.
backward(s)ad.
baconn.
*bacterium(plbacteria)n.
bad(worse,worst)a.
badmintonn.
bagn.
baggagen.
*bakeryn.
balancen.
*balconyn.
balln.[ball=dance跳舞]
*balletn.[ball=dance跳舞]
balloonn.
bamboon.
*bann.&v.
bananan.
bandn.[band,bond=bind捆绑]
*bandagen.[band,bond=bind捆绑]
bankn.[bank=bench条凳]
barn.[bar=bar横木,棍,棒,杠]
barbecuen.
*barbern.[barb胡须]
*barbershopn.
*barea.
bargainn.&v.
barkv.&n.
*barriern.[bar=bar横木,棍,棒,杠]
basen.[bas=low低]
baseballn.
basementn.
basica.
basinn.
basisn.
basketn.
basketballn.
batn.
bathn.
bathev.
bathroomn.
bathtubn.
batteryn.
battlen.[bat,batt=beat打击;-le动词后缀]
*bayn.
BCn.
bev.(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)
beachn.
beann.
*beancurdn.
bearn.
bearv.
beardn.
beastn.
beat(beat,beaten)v.&n.
beautifula.[beaut美]
beautyn.
becauseconj.
become(became,become)v.
bedn.
*beddingsn.
bedroomn.
been.
beefn.
beern.
beforeprep.,ad.&conj.[be=about帮助构成介词]
begv.
begin(be