最新哈尔滨工程大学博士入学考试英语模拟题.docx
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最新哈尔滨工程大学博士入学考试英语模拟题
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一、词汇
1.Themotoristwas____bytheconflictingroadsigns.
a.punishedb.bewildered
c.encouragedd.taught
2.He____overtheedgeofthecarpetandfell.
a.lookedb.stumbled
c.pushedd.impulses
3.Afterthequarrel,hecompletely____hisrelationswithhisfamily.
a.severedb.limited
c.closedd.ignored
4.Shehasthegiftof____andwasrarelywrong.
a.prophecyb.dream
c.praised.wish
5.Ifoundthelectureboringand____.
a.reflectiveb.relevant
c.repetitived.raw
6.He____somethingshedidn'tquitecatch.
a.nosedb.murmured
c.spoked.planned
7.Thebusesshakethehousesomuchthatwefeelthe____.
a.movementb.collision
c.shiverd.vibration
8.Thisappleisquite____;itisneithersweetnorsour.
a.tastefulb.tasty
c.tastedd.tasteless
9.With____effortswecanfinishontime.
a.persistentb.tiresome
c.dulld.troublesome
10.Man'sfirstlandingonthemoonwasa____ofgreatdaring.
a.notorietyb.feature
c.featd.livelihood
11.Susanthatwasaveryhotdaywhenshelookedoutthewindowsawsownmanygirlswearingdressesandblouses.
a.attainedb.imaginedc.associatedd.assumed
12.WearemoretoboasthowmanyAmericansgotocollegethantoaskhowmuchtheaveragecollegeeducationamountsto.
a.committedb.inclinedc.intendedd.subjected
13.Ihavealittlemoneyawayforthelongwinter.
a.lainb.laidc.liedd.lay
14.Manyoftheideasbehindtelevisionappearedinthelate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury.
a.ancientb.originalc.primitived.raw
15.Thesunsetlastnightwasagloriousofeverchangingcolour.
a.experienceb.impressionc.pageantd.site
16.Thegovernmentpaidthefarmersfortheirpotato.
a.shortageb.surplusc.dearthd.demand
17.Thegravitationalforce______anobjectattheEarth’ssurfaceiscalledtheweightoftheobject.
a.beingactedonb.actingonc.tobeactedond.toacton
18.Beforemovingtoanothercity,Frank_________ofthehouseandthefurniture.
a.dispensedb.discardedc.disposedd.discharged
19.Iexpectedhimtobefullofvigorandingoodspiritandweredisappointedbyhisattitude.
a.energeticb.livelyc.listlessd.active
20.Theplanwas______whenitwasdiscoveredjusthowmuchtheschemewouldcost.
a.surrenderedb.releasedc.abandonedd.discussed
二、填空
Thegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeen11thelivesofwomen.Duringthetwentiethcenturytherehasbeenaremarkableshorteningofthe12ofawoman’slifespentin13forchildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthenineteenthcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninher14twenties.,andwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themother15havebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,opportunityandhealthmadeitunusualforhertoget16work.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhave17children.Usuallyawoman’syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveandcanbe18toliveanotherthirty-fiveyearsandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Even19shehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliancesandconveniencefoods.
Thisimportantchangeinwomen’slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomic20.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunity,andmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandnever21toit.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,manygirls22atschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomen23tomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatwordatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn,verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-orpart-timework,Suchchangeshave24toanewrelationshipinmarriage,withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthe25andsatisfactionsoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsofeachofthem.
21.AofBforCinDto
22.AamountBshareCproportionDtime
23.AattendingBcaringClookingDminding
24.AmidBmediumCaverageDmiddle
25.AcouldBmightCshouldDwould
26.ApayingBpaidCpayableDpayment
27.AlessBfewerCfewDafew
28.AexpectedBhopedClikelyDlonged
29.AifBasCwhileDwhen
30.AsituationBstandCpositionDaspect
31.AcameBwentCreturnedDclung
32.AareleftBkeepCareDstay
33.AintendBtendCmeanDconsider
34.AledupBledCresultedDcaused
35.AproblemsBissuesCdutiesDjobs
三、阅读
Passage1
InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonourofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo.Butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom766B.C.
ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonouredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertainbuteventsincludedboy'sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.
OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonouredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonourthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.
Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.TheycontinuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:
theideathatahealthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetitionthatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.
Nowadays.TheGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities.Includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcountriespaytheirownathletes'expenses.
TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun'sraysItiscarriedbyasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals.AnditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception:
thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.
36.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames.
A.weremerelynationalathleticfestivals
B.wereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour
C.hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition
D.wereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants
37.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames.
A.onlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames
B.allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart
C.allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteintheGames
D.allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteinthegames
38.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics.
A.hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished
B.variedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors
C.wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonourtheGameswereheld
D.wasconsideredunimportant
39.Modernathletes'resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause.
A.theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults
B.theyaremuchbetter
C.detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast
D.theyaremuchworse
40.Nowadaystheathletes'expensesarepaidfor
A.outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners
B.outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations
C.bytheathletesthemselves
D.bycontributions
Passage2
Aroundtheearthataboutlatitude30degreesNorthandSouthandalsoovercontinentsinwinter,highpressureandweakwindstendtobedominant.Insuchregionsthewindsslowlyspreadouthorizontally,anddryairsinksdownfromalofttoreplaceit.Becauseofthewarmingassociatedwithcompressionofthedescendingair,anticyclones(高气压)generallyareassociatedwithclearweather,exceptlocallywherecontactofairwithacoldsurfacemayresultinfogsorlow-hangingclouds.
Mostoftheregionswhereanticyclonestendtoprevailarequiteuniformintheirsurfacecharacteristics;andwiththeslowdivergingmotions,largebodiesofairwithuniformcharacteristicstendtobegenerated.Severallargebodiesofair,calledairmasses,withdistinctivepropertiesareformedinthisway.
Maritimetropicalairmassesformovertheoceansatlatitude30degreesnorthandsouthandma