细胞生物学考试复习.docx
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细胞生物学考试复习
1.细胞中含有DNA的细胞器有 ABC D :
A.线粒体 B.叶绿体 C.细胞核 D.质粒
2.细胞核主要由 ACD 组成。
A.核纤层与核骨架 B.核小体 C.染色质和核仁 D.核被膜
3.在内质网上合成的蛋白质主要有 ABCD :
A.需要与其他细胞组分严格分开的蛋白
B.膜蛋白
C.分泌性蛋白
D.需要进行修饰的蛋白
4.细胞内能进行蛋白质修饰和分选的细胞器有 C D :
A.线粒体 B.叶绿体 C.内质网 D.高尔基体
5.微体中都含有 AD :
A.氧化酶 B.酸性磷酸酶 C.琥珀酸脱氢酶 D.过氧化氢酶
6.各种水解酶之所以能够选择性地运入溶酶体是因为他们具有 A :
A.M6P标志 B.导肽 C.信号肽 D.特殊氨基序列
7.溶酶体的功能有 ABCD :
A.细胞内消化 B.细胞自溶 C.细胞防御 D.自体吞噬
8.线粒体内膜的标志酶是B
A.苹果酸脱氢酶 B.细胞色素C氧化酶 C.腺苷酸激酶 D.单胺氧化酶
9.染色质由以下成分构成 AC :
A.组蛋白 B.非组蛋白 C.DNA D.少量RNA
11.胞质骨架主要由 ACD 组成。
A.中间纤维 B.胶原纤维 C.肌动蛋白 D.微管
12.80S核糖体的大亚基由 A D 构成:
A.28SrRNA、5SrRNA、5.8SrRNA B.28SrRNA、16SrRNA
C.18SrRNA D.49种蛋白质
13.具有极性的细胞结构有 AD :
A.微丝 B.中间纤维 C.高尔基体 D.微管
14. 细胞内具有质子泵的细胞器包括 ABCD :
A.内体 B.溶酶体 C.线粒体 D.叶绿体
15. 通讯连接的主要类型包括 ACD :
A.间隙连接 B.间壁连接 C.胞间连丝 D.神经突触
16. 微体中都含有 AD :
A.氧化酶 B.酸性磷酸酶 C.琥珀酸脱氢酶 D.过氧化氢酶
17. 以下那些描述符和溶酶体的特征 ABC :
A.含酸性水解酶 B.膜蛋白高度糖基化 C.膜有质子泵 D.由两层单位膜围成
18. 以下能结合GTP的蛋白质有 ABD :
A.RAS B.微管蛋白 C.肌动蛋白 D.G蛋白
19.以下哪些情况下膜的流动性较高__AB_D_
A.胆固醇含量高
B.不饱和脂肪酸含量高
C.长链脂肪酸含量高
D.温度高
20.N-连接的糖基化中,糖链连接在哪一种氨基酸残基上_D___
A.脯氨酸(proline)
B.羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline)
C.天冬氨酸(asparticacid)
D.天冬酰胺(asparagines)
21.以下哪些运输途径是笼形蛋白(clathrin)衣被参与的ABC____
A.高尔基体→内体(endosome)
B.高尔基体→溶酶体,植物液泡
C.高尔基体→内质网
D.质膜→内体
E.内质网→高尔基体
22.光系统I的中心色素为__B__
A.叶绿素b
B.叶绿素a
C.类胡萝卜素
D.叶黄素
23.动物细胞纤毛中的骨架结构为___A_,马达蛋白为_B___
A.微丝
B.微管
C.中间纤维
D.Myosin
E.Dynein
F.Kinesin
24.微管具有极性,其(+)极的最外端是__B__
A.α球蛋白
B.β球蛋白
C.γ球蛋白
25.纤粘连蛋白V字形二聚体在C端以哪一种化学键相连____
A.离子键
B.氢键
C.二硫键
26.粘合带(adhesionbelt)处连接的胞内骨架成分为____
A.微丝
B.微管
C.中间纤维
27.S期的早熟凝集染色体(prematurelycondensedchromosome,PCC)为__B__
A.单线状
B.粉末状
C.双线染色体
28.将MPF注射到G1期的细胞内,则G1期细胞的染色体开始__B__
A.解旋
B.凝缩
C.复制
29.动物小肠细胞对葡萄糖的吸收依靠_A___
A.钠离子梯度驱动的同向协同(symport)
B.钠离子梯度驱动的反向协同(antiport)
C.钾离子梯度驱动的同向协同
D.钾离子梯度驱动的反向协同
30.以下哪些可作为细胞主动运输的直接能量来源_ACD___
A.离子梯度
B.NADH
C.ATP
D.光
31.类囊体膜上电子传递的方向为__D__
A.PSI→PSII→NADP+
B.PSI→NADP+→PSII
C.PSI→PSII→H2O
D.PSII→PSI→NADP+
32.在磷脂酰肌醇信号通路中,G蛋白的直接效应酶是_B___
A.腺苷酸环化酶
B.磷脂酶C-β
C.蛋白激酶C
33.以下哪一种感觉不是由G蛋白偶联型受体介导的__A__
A.听觉
B.味觉
C.视觉
D.嗅觉
34.胞内受体__AB_
A.是一类基因调控蛋白
B.可结合到转录增强子上
C.是一类蛋白激酶
D.是一类第二信使
35.鞭毛基体和中心粒_A___
A.均由三联微管构成
B.均由二联微管构成
C.前者由二联微管、后者由三联微管构成
D.前者由三联微管、后者由二联微管构成
36.非组蛋白__AB__
A.又称序列特异性DNA结合蛋白
B.属酸性蛋白质
C.属碱性蛋白
D.只在S期合成
37.端粒(telomere)_ABCD___
A.能维持染色体的稳定性
B.由高度重复的短序列串联而成
C.具有“细胞分裂计数器”的作用
D.复制需要反转录酶(端粒酶)
38.用离心法能够分离悬浮培养的分裂期细胞,是因为分裂期细胞_B___
A.密度大
B.体积大
C.沉降速度慢
39.以下哪些药物可以抑制动物细胞的胞质分裂_C_EF__
A.秋水仙素
B.紫杉酚
C.细胞松弛素
D.微管蛋白抗体
E.肌动蛋白抗体
F.肌球蛋白抗体
40.Wee1表达不足,细胞将_B___
A.过度生长
B.过早分裂
C.不分裂
41.在后期A(anaphaseA)着丝点处的微管开始_B___
A.组装B.去组装C.分化成微丝D.聚合
42.“Hayflick”极限指_B___
A.细胞最小分裂次数
B.细胞最大分裂次数
C.细胞最适分裂次数
42.Phasecontrastmicroscopecanbeusedtoobserve AC
A. Alivecell.
B. Stainedcell.
C. Notstainedcell.
D. Alloftheabove.
43.Ifyouwantedtoseparateeukaryoteribosomalsubparticlesbysize,whichofthefollowingtechniqueswouldyouuse?
D
A. Gelelectrophoresis.
B. Radiolabelling.
C. Polymerasechainreaction.
D. Densitygradientcentrifugation.
44.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutprioninnottrue?
C
A.Prionisasortofproteinthatcausingsomeseverediseases,suchasbovinesponge-formencephalopathies(BSM,madcowdisease).
B.Prioncanreplicateitselfbychangetheconformationoftheproteinswhicharesimilartoprion.
C.Prionisatranscriptionregulatoryprotein.
D.PrionwasdiscoveredbyPrusinerin1982.
45.Ingeneral,glycoproteinsandglycolipids:
A
A.Areontheouterleafletoftheunitmembrane,facingtheenvironmentofacell.
B.Areontheinnerleafletoftheunitmembrane,facingthecytosol.
C.Areequallydistributedontheinnerandoutersurfaceoftheunitmembrane.
D.Occuronlyininternalmembranes.
46.Whichofthefollowingisnotthefunctionofthebio-membrane?
C
A.Signaltransduction.
B.Transportation.
C.Transcription.
D.Compartmentalization.
47.Inhumanintestineglucoseareabsorbedbythewayof B
A.Na+poweredantiport.
B.Na+poweredsymport.
C.Channelproteins.
D.ABCtransporter.
48.TheNa+/K+ATPaseofeukaryoticcells A
A.IsaP-typepump.
B.IsaV-typepump.
C.IsanF-typepump.
D.IsanATP-bindingcassette.
49.Followingorganellesareallsurroundedbydoublebio-membranesexcept D
A.Mitochondrion
B.Chloroplast.
C.ER.
D.Nucleus.
50."Cis,""medial"and"trans"specifydifferentcompartmentsofthe..A.
A.Golgibody.
B.Endoplasmicreticulum.
C.Mitochondrion.
D.Nucleus.
51.ThePHvalueinlysosomeislowerthanthatincytoplasmbecauselysosomemembraneexist C
A.P-typeH+pump.
B.F-typeH+pump.
C.V-typeH+pump.
D.P-typeNa+-K+pump.
52.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsignalsequencesisfalse?
C
A.Signalsequencesareremovedfromproteinbysignalpeptidaseafterthesortingprocesshasbeencompleted(exceptnuclearlocalizationsequence(NLS)andsignalpatch).
B.Eachsignalsequencespecifiesaparticulardestinationinthecell.
C.NLSdirectproteinsintocytoplasmfromnucleus.
D.Anyproteinwithapropersignalsequencewillbetransferredintotheperoxisome.
53.Whichofthefollowingaboutperoxisomesistrue D
A.Theyareformedbybinaryfissionofexistingperoxisomes.
B.TheycontaintheirownDNA.
C.Theycontainoxidativeenzymes.
D.BothAandC
54.PSIabsorblightofwavelengthat B
A. 680nm.
B. 700nm
C. 280nm
D. BothAandB
55.WhichofthefollowingisnotencodedbythemtDNA?
D
A.Cytochromec.
B.Cytochromeb.
C.F0.
D.Keratin.
56.Cyclicphotophosphorylationisaccomplishedby D
A.PhotosystemI.
B.PhotosystemII.
C.PhotosystemIII.
D.BothphotosystemsIandII.
57.G-proteinlinkedreceptorsare B
A.Single-passtransmembraneproteins.
B.Seven-passtransmembraneproteins.
C.Three-passtransmembraneproteins.
D.Notatransmembraneprotein.
58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTasecondmessenger?
A
A.NO.
B.cGMP.
C.cAMP.
D.IP3.
59.Dyneinsaremotorproteinsthatmovefrom along B
A.–endto+end;microtubules.
B.+endto–end;microtubules.
C.–endto+end;microfilaments.
D.+endto–end;microfilaments.
61.Microtubulesfunctionincells D
A.Asstructuralsupports,maintainingtheshapeofthecell.
B.Toformthespindleduringmitosisandmeiosis.
C.Asapartofthesystemthatcausesmovementinciliaandflagella.
D.Alloftheabove.
62.FunctionsoftightjunctionsincludeallthefollowingexceptD
A.Separationofextracellularfluid.
B.Sealingofbodycavities.
C.Preventionofdiffusionofmembraneproteinsandlipidsbetweenapicalandbasolateralregions.
D.Tightcommunicationandextrangeofsmallmoleculesbetweenneighboringcells.
63.Whichofthefollowingcytoskeletonstructureslinkstodesmosomesandhemidesmosomes?
B
A.Microtubules.
B.Intermediatefilaments.
C.Microfilaments.
D.alloftheabove.
64.Cellbindingdomaininfibronectinscontain A
A.RGDsequences.
B.KDELsequences.
C.Gly-XYsequences.
D.PESTsequences.
65.Thecoreproteinsinnucleosomeare A
A.H2A,H2B,H3,H4.
B.H1A,H1B,H3,H4.
C.H1A,H2A,H3,H4.
D.H1,H2,H3,H4.
66.Eukaryoticchromosomescontaintwogeneraldomainswhichrelatetothedegreeofcondensation.Thesetworegionsare D
A.Uniforminthegeneticinformationtheycontain.
B.Calledheterochromatinandeuchromatin.
C.SeparatedbylargestretchesofrepetitiveDNA.
D.BothAandB
67.Whatisthemainfunctionofcyclinproteins?
B
A.Theyinitiateasignaltransductioncascadethatleadstochangesinthecell’sbehavior.
B.TheyregulatethecelldivisionbybindingandactivatingCDKenzymes.
C.Theyarethemainproteincomponentsofthekinetochore.
D.Theyblockcellcycleprogressionwhenconditionsarenotappropriateforgrowth.
68.MPFconsistsof C
A.CDC2andcyclinD
B.CDC2andcyclinE
C.CDC2andcyclinB
D.CDK1andcyclinC
69.Necrosis D
A.MaybemediatedbyFASsignalpathway.
B.CharacterizedbyDNAdegradedintoabout200bpfragment.
C.Isageneticallycontrolledprocess.
D.Occurswhencellisinjured.
70.Whichofthefollowingmutationsinatumorsuppressorgenewillmostlikelynotresultincancer?
A
A.Pointmutant.
B.Deletion.
C.Generearrangement.
D.Alloftheabove.
71.Whichofthefollowingaboutapoptosisisnottrue?
A
A.IsaccompaniedbyrandomDNAdegradation.
B.Isasortof"cellularself-destruction"thattakesplaceinnormaltissues.
C.Ischaracterizedbynuclearfragmentationandcellularbreakdownintoapoptoticvesicles.Anddoesnotinduceinflammation.
D.Differsfromnecrosisbecausenecrosisoccurswhencellisinjured.