高中高考英语 暑假阅读类训练3.docx
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高中高考英语暑假阅读类训练3
高中高考英语暑假阅读类训练3
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
FindWhichDirectionIsSouth
Doyouhaveagoodsenseofdirection?
Ifnot,pleasetakewithyouacompass.Butifyouforgettotakeacompass,youcanstillfindyourway.
It’sneveragoodideatoimaginethatthefamilymemberwhowasentrusted(委托)withthejobofmap-readingactuallyknowswherethefamilyis.Youcantellbytheslightlyconfusedlookontheirfacesthatnothingonthegroundseemstomatchthemap.Nevermind.Thesunisshiningandit’sstillmorning.Ifyoudon’tknowtheexacttime,youcanstillfindoutwheresouthis,butyou’llneedtobepatient.
①Findastraightstickandputitinthegroundinaplacewhereyoucanmarkitsshadow.
②Trytopositionthestickasvertically(垂直)asyoucan.Youcancheckthisbymakingasimpleplumbline(铅锤线)withapieceofstringandweight.Youhaven’tgotanystring?
OK,useathreadfromyourclotheswithabuttontiedattheendtoactasaweight.
③Marktheendoftheshadowcastbythestick.
④Waitapproximatelyhalfanhourandmarktheendoftheshadowagain.
⑤Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavemadeseveralmarks.
⑥Themarknearestthestickwillrepresenttheshortestshadow,whichiseastatmidday,whenthesunishighestintheskyandpointingtotheexactsouth.
⑦Pickapointinthedistancealongthelinebetweentheshortestshadowandthestick.
⑧Thatpointissouthofwhereyouare.
⑨Nowyoucanturnthemap,likeyoudidbefore,andfindwhichwayyoushouldbetravelling.
1.Tofindthedirection,weoughttobepatientprobablybecause .
A.itisnoteasytofindaproperstickB.itisnoteasytopositionthestick
C.ittakeshourstomakethemarksD.ittakesabouthalfanhourtomakethemarks
2.Thepassagewouldprobablybemosthelpfulto .
A.thosewhodrawmapsB.thosewhogetlost
C.thosewhomakecompassesD.thosewhodoexperiments
3.Whichofthefollowingpicturesbestshowsthewayoffindingthedirectionofsouth?
4.Theauthorpresentsthispassageby .
A.tellinganinterestingstoryB.describinganactivityinalivelyway
C.testinganideabyreasoningD.introducingapracticalmethod
【参考答案】1—5、CBAD
社会生活类----阅读理解。
Lifeandworkarefilledwithproblemstobesolved,oraswesaythesedays,challengestobeovercome.Thereareanumberofapproachestohelpuswithproblem-solvinginbusinessandinotherwalksoflife.Usingoneormoreofthesetechniquescanhelpusdosoefficiently.Butsomeproblem-
solvingtechniquesarecomplexandrequirealotoflearningbeforewecanusethemwell.Hereisoneofthesimplestapproaches,afive-stageprocessthatoftenleadstosuccess.
Thefirststageistodefinetheproblemindetail.Partofthedefinitionoughttobethereasontheproblemaroseinthefirstplace.Oncewearesatisfiedthattheproblemiswelldefinedwearereadytolookforasolution.
Thesecondstageisthesearchforalternativecoursesofactionthatwillsolvetheproblem.Herewetrytofindmultiplepotentialsolutionstotheproblem.Thisstepmayinvolvedoingsomeresearchesoraskingotherswh
attheythink.Lookforanalogiesorhowsimilarproblemshavebeensolvedinthepast.Theimportantthingistocomeupwithalternativesolutions—atleasttwoorthree.
Thethirdstageistostudyeachalternativesolutionandtoidentifytherelativeadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachcourseofaction.Onealternativemightbequickerbutcostmorethantheothersolutions.Anothermightbelessexpensivebutrequirealotmoretimeandenergy.Understandingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachalternativeiscriticaltochoosingthebestsolution.
Thefourthstageofthisprocessistoselectandcarryoutthebestsolution.Criteria(标准)forchoosingmayincludearoughcost-benefitanalysisorsimplyyourcomfortlevelaftercarefullyconsideringyouralternatives.
Thefifthandfinalstageismonitoringtheoutcomeofyourchosensolution.Diditwork?
Didyouachievesuccess?
Ifyes,thatisgreat!
Ifnot,it’sbacktothefirststage.
1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.HowtoSolveProblemsEfficiently
B.WhattoDoWithYourProblems
C.FiveStepsforYourProblems
D.ProblemsFillingWorkandLife
2.Iftheproblem-solvingtechniqueisverycomplicated, .
A.youshoulduseitforyourproblem
B.you’dbetterconsultwithexperts
C.youshouldmakeastudyaboutitfirst
D.youmustgiveitupatthebeginning
3.Theunderlinedword“analogies”inthetextmeans .
A.resemblances B.defences C.differences D.changes
4.Themainideaofthethirdstageis .
A.touseanalternativesolutionefficiently
B.tofindacheaperproblem-solvingtechnique
C.toweightheprosandcons
D.tochoosethequickestsolution
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?
A.Youshouldnotetheoutcomeofyourchosensolution.
B.Youmayputthemethodintouseatlast.
C.Thelessexpensivesolutionisthefirstchoice.
D.Thereasonfortheproblemisthekey.
【参考答案】25.
社会生活类------阅读理解。
Citiesneedtoputeffortstodealwithpollutionandcleartheair.
Chinesecitieswillneedtoputeffortstoclearuptheskywhenanewdepartmenttoimproveregionalairqualityissetupby2015,accordingtothelatestplanreleasedbytheStateCouncil.
BesidestheexistingpollutioncontrolprogramforSO2,regionalemissioncaps(区域排放上限)forothercertainchemicalswillbeestablishedinthethreekeyairpollutingareas—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.Coal-consumptioncapswillalsobetriedoutinsomeareas,accordingtotheplan.
“Theplanisaimedatdealingwithregionalairpollution—suchasacidrainandsmog—whichhavebecomeincreasinglyobviousinChinainrecentyearsandcausedaseverethreattopeople’shealth,”ZhangLijun,vice-ministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidinaninterviewonMonday.
“Theairqualityinacityaffectstheregionsnearbybecausepollutants(污染物)Cantravelthroughtheatmosphere,”saidChaiFahe,vice-directorofChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences.
“Soeffortstoreduceairpollutioninasinglecity,targetingacertainpollutantwillnotbeenough,”Chaisaid.
Zhangsaid,“Thecountry’smajorindustrialdistricts—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion—haverecordedmorethan100mistydaysannuallyinrecentyears.”
Thesethreeregions,hometoatleast200millionpeople,occupyonly6.3percentofthecountry’sareabutconsume40percentofthecountry’scoalandproducehalfofitssteel,accordingtoofficialfigures.
Studiesalsoshowthatthevisibility(能见度)ineasternregionsofChinahasdroppedby7to15kmcomparedtothatintheearly1960s,asaresultofairpollution.
Liaoningprovince,theShandongPeninsula,WuhaninHubeiprovinceanditssurroundingarea,theChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanregioninHunanprovince,theChengdu-Chongqingregion,andthewesterncoastoftheTaiwanStraitsarealsolistedasareastocarryoutsuchregionalairpollutioncontrolprograms,accordingtotheplan.
Thenewplanalsorequiresanimprovedairqualitysystem,whichwillmeasurethepollutionlevels.“Thecurrentsystem,whichonlymeasuressomemajorpollutants,cannotreflectthetruepicture.”saidChai.
9.Itwillnotbeenoughtoreduceairpollutioninasinglecitybecause .
A.airpollutionhasbeenbecomingmoreandmoreseriousinrecentyears
B.airpollutionlikeacidrainandsmogisthreateningpeople’shealth
C.airpollutantsinacitycantravelintheskyandaffectnearbyareas
D.airpollutantsstayinfixedplacesoverthecities
10.SupposethevisibilityineasternregionsofChinawas130kmintheearly1960s,thevisibilitytherenowadaysis .
A.123to115km B.137to145km
C.123to145km D.115to137km
11.Themainpurposeofthepassageis .
A.toinformreadersofthedamagecausedbyairpollution
B.tointroducethenewplantocontrolairpollution
C.toprovideofficialfiguresofairpollutionlevels
D.topointouttheregionsaffectedbyairpollution
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thetruepicture”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Themajorpollutants.
B.Thekeypollutedareas.
C.Themajorpollutedcities.
D.Thepollutionlevels.
【参考答案】26.CABD
【广东卷完形填空】
Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizea1innumber.Humanbeingsarebornwiththisability.2,experimentsshowthatmanyanimalsare,too.Forexample,manybirdshavegoodnumbersense.Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnot3.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebird4leaves.Thismeansthatthebirdknowsthe5betweentwoandthree.
Anotherinterestingexperimentshowedabird's6numbersense.Amanwastryingtotakeaphotoofacrow(乌鸦)thathadanestinatower,butthecrowalwaysleftwhenshesawhimcoming.Thebirddidnot7untilthemanleftthetower.Themanhadan8.Hetookanothermanwithhimtothetower.Onemanleftandtheotherstayed,buttheydidnot9thebird.Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.Theexperimentwas10withthreemenandthenwithfourmen.Butthecrowdidnotreturntothenestuntilallthemenwere11.Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere12abletofoolthecrow.
Howgoodisahuman'snumbersense?
It'snotverygood.Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma13group.Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,thechildrenare14fooled.
Itseemsthatnumbersenseissomethingwehaveincommonwithmanyanim