文献翻译操作.docx

文献翻译操作.docx

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文献翻译操作

附录A

Operations

Drilling:

Whendrillingaheadwithatopdrive,adheretothesamesafetyandoperatingpracticesandproceduresaswithconventionalrotarydrilling.

Rotating:

Onceyouhavemadeaconnectionandtheslipshaveclearedthetable,select‘valveopen’andstartupthemudpump,thenselect‘drill’modeimmediately.ThepresetfunctionsinconnectionmodewillbedisabledandnowyoucanmanipulatethequillRPMbyselecting‘forward’and‘increasingordecreasing’thepumps.

SlideDrillingInordertoholdtoolfacewhilesliding,youmustclosethegrabberonthesaversub,allowthegrabbercylindertopressure-up,andthenswitchthe‘pumps–forward/reverse’,toneutral.Thegrabberlightwillremainon.Whensliding,thegrabberisclosedandthehoistingclutchinterlockisactivated.Inordertoworkthedrillstringyoumustpushandholdthe‘override’buttononthebrakehandlecontrolboxwhilehoisting.Thisallowsthedrawworksdrumclutchtoengage.Whenrunningamudmotor,keepaccuraterecordsofthereactivetorque（motorpressure）inthestring.Atanygiventime,youmayneedtoorientthetoolfaceofthedownholemotor.Todothisthegrabberwillneedtobeopened;ifyoudonottrackdownholetorquehistory,turningthestringinsmallincrementswillbeimpossible.Assumingthatyouknowtheamountoftorquepresent,

followthesestepstoorientthetoolface:

1.Select‘drillforward’.2.Decreasethepumpssothatxpsi（thepressureequaltothereactivetorque）ispresentonthehydraulicpressuregauge.3.Select‘grabberopen’.

4.Ifthevalueofxprovidesenoughtorque,thestringshouldnotturn.Turnthestringtotherightbyselecting:

5.‘Increasepumps’untilthepipeturnsveryslowlyandundercontrol.6.Whenyouhaveachievedtheneworientation,quicklyclosethegrabber.

Theamountoflooppressureneededtoholdthedrillstringwhenthegrabberisopenedwillchangeasdepth,andangleofbuildincrease.Thisiswhyyoushouldrecordadownholetorquehistory,becausethexvaluewillbeeasiertopredict.Turnthestringtotheleftbydecreasinglooppressure（‘decreasepumps’）,and,ifthereisnotmuchreactive

torquepresent,select‘reverse’untilpositioningiscomplete,thenclosethegrabber.Note:

Themaximumreversetorqueissettopreventthestringunscrewing.Donotengagethe‘breakout’functionorthedrillstringcouldcomeapart.

Tripping:

TheTescotopdrivereducestheamountoftimeandworkinvolvedintrippingandreamingbygivingyoutheabilitytothreadintothedrillstringatanypointinthederrick.Thisisusefulwhenencounteringholeproblemswhiletripping（forinstance,pullingtight,bridgingofforwhenakickisevident）.Inshort,anytimewhentheneedtopumpfluidintothewellexists,itcanbedonewithouthavingtopositionthedrillstringatfloorlevelinordertoinstallthekelly.Trippingpipewithatopdriveissimilartoconventionalmethods,withtheexceptionthattheroboticfunctionseasepipe-handlingprocedures.Atnotimeisitnecessaryfortherigcrewtopositiontheelevatorsoropenandclosethem.Thelinktiltfunctioncanpushthestandofpipetoberackedtotheworker,bothontherigfloorandtothederrickhand.Whenrunninginthehole,thederrickhanddoesnotneedtoleanouttothrowthestandintheelevators;hecansimplyeasethestandintotheelevators,whichareextendedtowardhim.Oncethestandisplacedintheelevators,theycanbeclosedhydraulically.Afterthestandisrackedinthederrickoraddedtothestringthelinksshouldbereturnedtotheverticalhangingpositionbyselectingthe‘float’function.

Important–Thelinksandelevatorsshouldneverbemanuallyoperatedbyaworker.

ColdClimate:

Whenthehydraulictopdriveisworkinginafreezingenvironment,theoilquicklybecomesthickandthiswillreduceitseffectiveness.Whiledrilling,theheatfromthetopdrivemotor（s）warmstheoilenoughsothatthisisnotaconcern,butwheneverthequillisnotrotating,suchaswhenyouareslidedrillingortripping,thecoldclimatefunctionshouldbeused.Toactivatecoldclimatefollowthesesteps:

1.Pushinthecoldclimatebutton（ontheleftsideofthedrillerspanel）.2.Selectenginespeed‘slow’.3.‘Drill’mode.4.‘Forward’pumps.5.‘Increaseordecrease’pumps,tomaintain700psionthehydraulicpressuregauge.

Whenthecoldclimatebuttonispushedinitdeenergizesthecircuittothetopdrivespeedcontrolvalveandallowstheflowofloopoiltopassthroughthemotormanifoldandcirculatestheclosedloopsystemwithoutturningthequill.Selectingenginespeedslowbringstheprimemovertoidlespeedforcoldclimateoperation.Thissavesoverallwearandtearontheenginewhenithasalowloadonit.Drillmodeallowsyoutocontrolthehydraulicpumpsinternalswashplates,whichcommandtheamountofoilflowtomaintain700psi.Forwardpumpsdirectstheoilflowinsuchawaythatitpassesthroughthemaximumamountoffiltrationbeforegoingthroughthepumpsagain.Followthesestepsinordertoproperlydisengagethecoldclimatefunction:

1.‘Neutral’pumps.2.‘Connection’mode.3.‘Neutral’enginespeed.4.Pulloutthecoldclimatebutton.

Byselectingneutralpumps,theflowofhydraulicoilisstopped.

Important:

Neverpushoutthecoldclimatebuttonwithoutthepreceding3steps.

Connectionmodekeepstheprimemoveratanidlewhentheenginespeedisswitchedtoneutral.Afterpullingoutthecoldclimatebuttonthetopdrivecannowreturntonormaloperation.

Tip:

Ifthetopdrivewillrotateandeverythingelseisoperatingnormally,doublecheckthatthecoldclimatebuttonhasnotbeenaccidentallyoperated.

Reaming:

BackreamingoutoftheholeisoneofthegreatestfeaturestheTescotopdriveprovides.Thesestepsshouldbefollowedbeforecommencing:

Note–Reamingistocommenceonlyatoperator’sdiscretionanduntilthedrillerisexperiencedwiththisoperation,theTescotechnicianshouldbealerted.

1.Ensurethecorrectsaversubisinstalledonthetopdriveandkeepitproperlydopedwhilereamingorback-reaming.2.Connectthetopdrivetothedrillstring.3.Openthemudsavervalve.4.Startthemudpumpsandestablishcirculation.5.Removetheslips.6.Select‘drill’mode.7.Pumps‘forward’Setquillspeedto30-40RPM.8.Hoistthedrillstringandclosetheelevatorsonthestand.9.Workthedrillstringuntilfreeofobstruction.Whenyouarereadytorackthestandinthederrick,theprocedureisasfollows:

1.Stoprotation.2.Stopthemudpumps.3.Settheslips.4.Breakoutthelowestconnectionwiththerigtongs.5.Hoiststandoutofthestumpandallowthepipetodrain.

6.Closethemudsavervalve.7.Lowerthestandtoapproximately2inchesabovetherotarytable.8.Ensurethegrabberisinpositionatthetoptooljoint.9.Closethegrabberandbreakoutthetopdrive.10.Oncethetopdriveisunscrewedfromthepipe,openthegrabberandthestandwillrestonthefloor.11.Hoistthetopdriveuntiltheelevatorspickupthestand.12.Linktiltforwarduntilthederrickhandhascontrolofthestandandithasbeenplacedinthebirdbath.13.Opentheelevators.14.Linktiltbacktovertical.

15.Lowerthetopdrivetothefloorandcontinuebackreamingifnecessary.Ifanobstructionisencounteredwhentrippinginthehole,orifforanyreasonitisnecessarytoestablishcirculation,i.e.wellcontrol,thetopdrivecanbeconnectedtothedrillstringquicklybyfollowingthesesteps:

1.Ifanobstructionisencountered,hoistuntilthedrillstringisfree,andaconnectionisatfloorlevel.2.Settheslips.

3.Lowerthetopdriveandguidethetoptooljointintothegrabber.Setbackuptongsontooljointatfloorlevel.4.Select‘connection’mode.

5.Rotatethetopdriveintothetoptooljointandshoulderitup.

6.Makeuptheconnectiontothespecifiedtorque.

7.Openthemudsavervalve.8.Removethetongsandtheslips.

9.Startthemudpumpsandestablishcirculation.10.Select‘drill’mode.

11.Setquillspeedto30-40RPM.

12.Reamthroughtheobstructionuntilthestringisfree.

13.Lowertopdrivetotheflooranddisconnectthetopdrive–see,breakoutconnectionprocedures.

WorkingTightHole:

Itisimportanttoknowthatwhentorqueisappliedtothedrillstringyoucannotpulluptothemaximumforcethatthepipeisratedfor.Thetopdrivetechnicianwillprovideinformationonspecificclassesoftubularsandtheirtorsion/tensionthresholds.

Intightholesituations,itwillbenecessarytofreethepipeusingthetopdrive.Withthetopdrive,theabilitytomaintainmudpumpflow,raiseandlowerthedrillstringandholdtorqueallatthesametimeispossible.Itisrecommendedthatwhenworkingtighthole,sometorquecanbeappliedtothedrillstring.Thisisbestdonebyselecting:

1.‘Drill’mode2.‘Decrease’pumps3.‘Forward’pumps4.Slowly‘Increase’pumps

Bydecreasingforwardpumppressure,therewillnotbeenoughhydraulicflowtorotatethepipe.Now,slowly‘increase’thepumpsuntilthepipebeginstorotate.Maintainenoughpressureonthehydraulicgaugetoholddrillstringintorsionwithoutreachingthetorquereliefsettingonthetopdrive.Whenmaintainingstatictorqueoverextendedtimeperiods,itisrecommendedtoincreasethepumpstoavaluelessthanthetorquereliefsettingandallowthepumpstocontrolthedesiredtorque.Ifthetopdrivetorquereliefisactivated,thehydraulicoilpassingthroughthereliefovertime,willcreateexcessiveheat.Thehotoilmay,inturn,activateapowerunitshutdown,resultinginanuntimelytorque

releaseofthedrillstring.

Thepowermoduleisequippedwithnumeroussafetyshutdowns.Whenthehydraulicoilreachesthehi