全国大学英语四级模拟题2及答案.docx

全国大学英语四级模拟题2及答案.docx

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全国大学英语四级模拟题2及答案

PartIWriting（30minutes

Net-surfing——AreYouReady?

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning（15minutes

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-7,mark

Y（forYESifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNOifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheTroubleWithTelevision

Itisdifficulttoescapetheinfluenceoftelevision.Ifyoufitthestatisticalaverages,bytheageof20youwillhavebeenexposedtoatleast20,000hoursoftelevision.Youcanadd10,000hoursforeachdecadeyouhavelivedaftertheageof20.TheonlythingsAmericansdomorethanwatchtelevisionareworkandsleep.

Calculateforamomentwhatcouldbedonewithevenapartofthosehours.Fivethousandhours,Iamtold,arewhatatypicalcollegeundergraduatespendsworkingonabachelor'sdegree.In10,000hoursyoucouldhavelearnedenoughtobecomeanastronomerorengineer.Youcouldhavelearnedseverallanguagesfluently.Ifitappealedtoyou,youcouldbereadingHomerintheoriginalGreekorDostoyevskyinRussian.Ifitdidn't,youcouldhavewalkedaroundtheworldandwrittenabookaboutit.

Thetroublewithtelevisionisthatitdiscouragesconcentration.Almostanythinginterestingandrewardinginliferequiressomeconstructive,consistentlyappliedeffort.Thedullest,theleastgiftedofuscanachievethingsthatseemmiraculoustothosewhoneverconcentrateonanything.ButTelevisionencouragesustoapplynoeffort.Itsellsusinstantgratification（满意.Itdivertsusonlytodivert,tomakethetimepasswithoutpain.

Television'svarietybecomesanarcotic（麻醉的,norastimulus.Itsserial,kaleidoscopic（万花筒般的exposuresforceustofollowitslead.Theviewerisonaperpetualguidedtour:

30minutesatthemuseum,30atthecathedral,30foradrink,thenbackonthebustothenextattraction—exceptontelevision.,typically,thespansallottedarcontheorderofminutesorseconds,andthechosendelightsaremoreoftencarcrashesandpeoplekillingoneanother.Inshort,alotoftelevisionusurps（篡夺;侵占oneofthemostpreciousofallhumangifts,theabilitytofocusyourattentionyourself,ratherthanjustpassivelysurrenderit.

Capturingyourattention—andholdingit—istheprimemotiveofmosttelevisionprogrammingandenhancesitsroleasaprofitableadvertisingvehicle.Programmersliveinconstantfearoflosinganyone'sattention—anyone's.Thesurestwaytoavoiddoingsoistokeepeverythingbrief,nottostraintheattentionofanyonebutinsteadtoprovideconstantstimulationthroughvariety,novelty,actionandmovement.Quitesimply,televisionoperatesontheappealtotheshortattentionspan.

Itissimplytheeasiestwayout.Butithascometoberegardedasagiven,asinherentinthemediumitself;asanimperative,asthoughGeneralSarnoff,oroneoftheotheraugustpioneersofvideo,hadbequeathed（遗留;传于toustabletsofstonecommandingthatnothingintelevisionshalleverrequiremorethanafewmoments'Concentration.

Initsplacethatisfine.Whocanquarrelwithamediumthatsobrilliantlypackagesescapist

entertainmentasamass-marketingtool?

ButIseeitsvaluesnowpervadingthisnationanditslife.Ithasbecomefashionabletothinkthat,likefastfood,fastideasarethewaytogettoafast-moving,impatientpublic.

Inthecaseofnews,thispractice,inmyview,resultsininefficientcommunication.Iquestionhowmuchoftelevision'snightlynewseffortisreallyabsorbableandunderstandable.Muchofitiswhathasbeenaptlydescribedas"machine-gunningwithscraps."Ithinkthetechniquefightscoherence.Ithinkittendstomakethingsultimatelyboring（unlesstheyareaccompaniedbyhorrifyingpicturesbecausealmostanythingisboringifyouknowalmostnothingaboutit.

IbelievethatTV'sappealtotheshortattentionspanisnotonlyinefficientcommunicationbutdecivilizingaswell.Considerthecasualassumptionsthattelevisiontendstocultivate:

thatcomplexitymustbeavoided,thatvisualstimulationisasubstituteforthought,thatverbalprecisionisananachronism.Itmaybeold-fashioned,butIwastaughtthatthoughtiswords,arrangedingrammaticallyprecise.

Thereisacrisisofliteracyinthiscountry.Onestudyestimatesthatsome30millionadultAmericansare"functionallyilliterate"andcannotreadorwritewellenoughtoanswerthewantadorunderstandtheinstructionsonamedicinebottle.

Literacymaynotbeaninalienablehumanright,butitisonethatthehighlyliterateFoundingFathersmightnothavefoundunreasonableorevenunattainable.Wearenotonlynotattainingitasanation,statisticallyspeaking,butwearefallingfurtherandfurthershortofattainingit.And,whileIwouldnotbesosimplisticastosuggestthattelevisionisthecause,Ibelieveitcontributesandisaninfluence.

Everythingaboutthisnation—thestructureofthesociety,itsformsoffamilyorganization,itseconomy,itsplaceintheworld—hasbecomemorecomplex,notless.Yetitsdominatingcommunicationsinstrument,itsprincipalformofnationallinkage,isonethatsellsneatresolutionstohumanproblemsthatusuallyhavenoneatresolutions.Itisallsymbolizedinmymindbythehugelysuccessfulartformthattelevisionhasmadecentraltotheculture,the30-secondcommercial:

thetinydramaoftheearnesthousewifewhofindshappinessinchoosingtherighttoothpaste.

Whenbeforeinhumanhistoryhassomuchhumanitycollectivelysurrenderedsomuchofitsleisuretoonetoy,onemassdiversion?

Whenbeforehasvirtuallyanentirenationsurrendereditselfwholesaletoamediumforselling?

SomeyearsagoYaleUniversitylawprofessorCharlesL.Black.Jr.,wrote:

"...forcedfeedingontrivialfareisnotitselfatrivialmatter-"Ithinkthissocietyisbeingforced-fedwithtrivialfare,andIfearthattheeffectsonourhabitsofmind,ourlanguage,ourtoleranceforeffort,andourappetiteforcomplexityareonlydimlyperceived.IfIamwrong,wewillhavedonenoharmtolookattheissueskepticallyandcritically,toconsiderhowweshouldberesidingit.Ihopeyouwilljoinwithmeindoingso.

1.InAmericapeopledosleepingandwatchingtelevisionsmorethananythingelse.

2.FromthepassageweknowthetimeanaverageAmericanspendsonwatchingTVcouldhavemadethepersonlearntobecomeanastronomerorengineer.

3.ThetroublewithTVisthatitdistractspeople’sattentionandencouragesthemtomakenoeffortstowardtheirlife.

4.TVprogrammersbasethisoperationontheattractionoflong-spanattentionofaudiences.

5.AccordingtotheauthortheimpropertelevisionoperationinAmericansocietywillbelikelyto

makethingseventuallyboring.

6.AmericanswillfaceaseriousproblemofilliteracyduetothenegativeimpactofTV.

7.InAmericansocietyliteracyisacertainrightthatcannotbedeprived.

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

11.ATwoblocks.BFiveblocks.

CThreeblocks.DFourblocks.

12.AHesuggeststhatshebuythesweaterinanothercolor.

BHesuggeststhatshebuyajacketinsteadofthesweater.

CHesuggeststhatshebuythesweateratitsoriginalprice.

DHesuggeststhatshebuythesweateronFriday.

13.AItwascleaned.

BTherewasalargesale.

CTheemployeeshadtoworkverylate.

DTherewasarobbery.

14.ABeabadboy.BEattoofast.

CGotoagame.DSkiphislunch.

15.AAsalesman.BAtelephonerepairman.

CAplumber.DAnelectrician.

16.AShedidn’tunderstandwhatEvawassaying.

BEvashouldhavebeenmoreactive.

CEvadidn’tseemtobenervousatallduringherpresentation.

DEvaneedstraininginpublicspeakinglessons.

17.AWhethertochangehisjob.

BAskingforahighersalary.

CAcceptinganewsecretary.

DGettingabetterposition.

18.AHecouldhelpherwiththeproblems.

BHecouldgoouttogetherwithher.

CSheshouldgooutforawhile.

DSheshoulddotheproblemsherself.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.AInanapartmentcomplex.

BInahotel.

CAtafriend’shouse.

DHejustarrivedtodayanddoesnothaveaplacetosleepyet.

20.AThesizedoesnotmattertohim.

BHeneedsaplacewithtwobedrooms.

CHejustwantstoshareaplacewithotherstudents.

DHeneedsaverylargeapartment.

21.AProximitytotheuniversity.

BBenefitsthathiswifeandchildwouldenjoy.

CCost.

DSize.

22.ALackofairconditioning.

BDistancefromtheuniversity.

CCost.

DLackoflaundryfacilitiescloseby.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.AItneedscleaning.

BItneedsregularservicing.

CItneedsanewbattery.

DItwasruinedbywater.

24.A$3.99.B$5.50.C$6.99.D$9.50.

25.ATheshopguaranteesthebatteryforayear.

BThemanwillcleanitatnoextra.

CThemancanrepairwatchesveryquickly.

DTheshopisofferingaspecialdiscount.

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages