模块63 Understanding each other练高考英语一轮复习讲练测译林牛津版解析版doc.docx
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模块63Understandingeachother练高考英语一轮复习讲练测译林牛津版解析版doc
2016届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块六Unit3(讲练篇)
Unit3Understandingeachother
一、重要词汇
考点-1.ensure
【教材原句】Roostersaresupposedtodrivebadspiritsawayfromtheweddingceremony,andhensarethoughttoensuregoodluckforthemarriage.(P34)人们认为公鸡能赶走婚礼上的幽灵,母鸡能确保给婚姻带来好运。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Ican'tensurehisbeingontime.
我不能。
②Thesearesafetydevicestoensureworkersagainstaccidents.
这些安全设施是为了。
③Pleaseensurethatyourcomputeristurnedoffbeforeleavingtheoffice.
请在离开办公室前。
④Themedicinewillensureyouagoodnight’ssleep.
这药将。
【自主归纳】
ensure(doing)sth. 保证(做)某事ensuresb.sth. 保证/确保某人(得到)某物
ensuresb.from/againststh.保护某人免受……的伤害
ensurethat...=makesurethat... 确保/保证……
注意:
①参考模块六Unit1考点-7.guarantee
ensure指某行为或某事的结果能得以保证,也指使某人不遭受伤害。
guarantee指保证产品质量或保证某项服务的履行,也可指对人的行为或义务负责,承担不幸事件的后果。
②sureadj.确信,肯定,必定surelyadv.一定;确实;当然;不成问题
besurethat确信besureof/about确信
besuretodo必定makesure确定;确保;弄清楚
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①To________thechild'squickrecovery,thedoctorgavehimanewkindofantibiotic(抗生素).
A.makeB.ensureC.engageD.cause
②Itisourresponsibilityto________thatthecountry'shealthcarepublicationsarebeneficialtothepeople.
A.satisfyB.compromiseC.quarrelD.ensure
考点-2.difference
【教材原句】Canyoutellmeaboutsomeculturaldifferencesyouhavefound?
(P34)你们能给我讲讲你们已经发现的一些文化差异吗?
【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分,注意difference的意义和搭配
①Icannevertellthedifferencebetweenthetwins.
②Theraindidn’tmakemuchdifferencetothegame.
③Yourageshouldmakenodifferencetowhetheryougetthejobornot.
④Changingjobsmadeabigdifferencetomylife.
【自主归纳】
difference(n.) →different adj.不同的,有区别的;有差异的→ differv. 不同于
makenodifference(tosb./sth.)对某人/某事不重要、不要紧
makesomedifference(tosb./sth)对某人/某事有些作用或影响
tellthedifferencebetweenAandB说出A和B的不同之处
AdifferfromB=AandBdifferfromeachother=AbedifferentfromBA不同于B/A与B不同
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Inanaturaldisaster,minutesandevensecondsofwarningcanmakethe_______betweenlifeanddeath.
A.divisionB.differenceC.separationD.sense
②Thingsintheworlddiffer__________eachotherincountlessways.
A.withB.inC.fromD.by
考点-3.congratulate
【教材原句】Duringtheceremony,thehenlaidanegg,andeveryonecongratulatedthenewcouplebecauseitwasconsideredverylucky.(P34)在婚礼期间,母鸡下了一只蛋,这被看着是件非常幸运的事,所以大家都祝贺这一对新人。
【例句研读】翻译下列句子,注意congratulate的搭配
①Icongratulateyouonyourgreatdiscovery.
②Iwanttocongratulateyouwithallmyheart.
③Hecongratulatedhimselfonhavingsurvivedtheair-crash.
【自主归纳】
辨析congratulate与celebrate
congratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺,向某人道喜”,其宾语是sb.,可构成短语congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.。
其名词congratulation(常用复数形式)可构成短语congratulationstosb.onsth./doing…;
celebrate表示“庆祝”时,宾语是sth.。
其名词celebration可构成短语incelebrationof…意为“(为了)庆祝……”。
用上述两词填空(注意形式的变化)
①Lastweekweheldapartytooursuccess.
②Wehimonhavingpassedtheexam.
③ThepartywasinofMother’ssilverwedding.
④ toyouonenteringBeijinguniversity.
【答案】①celebrate②congratulated③celebration④Congratulations
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2009高考山东卷)—JohnandIwillcelebrateourfortiethweddinganniversarynextmonth.
—Oh,_________!
A.cheerupB.welldoneC.goaheadD.congratulations
②Manyfriendssentmeemailsto________meonthebirthofmyson.
A.celebrateB.rewardC.expressD.congratulate
考点-4.permit
【教材原句】Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholisnotpermittedattheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.(P34)
还有一个区别是:
虽然我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡,但是在婚礼招待会上不许饮酒——事实上,在文莱饮酒是完全被禁止的。
【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分,注意permit的词性(形)变化、意义和搭配
①Thepolicemanpermittedhimtoparkthere.
②Hedoesn’tpermitsmokinginhisroom.
③Iftimepermits,Iwillgotomeetyou.
④Timepermitting,Iwillgotomeetyou.
⑤Youcan’thuntforanimalswithoutahuntingpermit.
⑥Heenteredtheofficewithoutpermission.
【自主归纳】
允许某人做某事permitsb.todosth./allowsb.todosth.
(某人)被允许做某事bepermittedtodosth./beallowedtodosth.
允许做某事permitdoingsth/allowdoingsth.
被允许做某事bepermitteddoing/bealloweddoing
注意:
类似用法的词还有:
advise,forbid
forbidsb.todosth.=prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事
permissionn.[U]允许,许可
askforpermission请求允许
with/withoutone'spermission获取某人同意/没有获得某人许可
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2011高考天津卷)Passengersarepermitted_____onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.
A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried
②(2012高考课标卷)Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather.
A.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit
③It’ssaidthattheprisonerswere______totaketwohours’exerciseaday.
A.supposedB.permittedC.forbiddenD.persuaded
考点-5.prohibit
【教材原句】Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholisnotpermittedattheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.(P34)还有一个区别是:
虽然我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡,但是在婚礼招待会上不许饮酒——事实上,在文莱饮酒是完全被禁止的。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Smokingisstrictlyprohibitedintheprocessofhandingexplosivematerials.
在处理易爆物时,。
②Studentsareprohibitedfromsmokinginsideschool.
在校内吸烟。
③Thelawprohibitspeople’ssmokinginpublic.
这项法律。
④MyfatherforbademetowatchTV.=MyfatherforbademywatchingTV.
我父亲。
⑤Anti-racistcampaignersareurgingtheGovernmenttobanallfar-Right(极右)groups.
反种族主义活动家正在力促政府。
⑥Icertainlythinkthereshouldbeabanontobaccoadvertising.
我确实认为应该。
⑦Thereistobeatotalbanonsmokingintheoffice.
办公室将彻底。
⑧Thereisaprohibitionagainstsmokinghere.
这儿。
【自主归纳】
prohibit/ban/forbid辨析
prohibit强调以法律、官方行政手段,或规章制度的形式加以禁止。
其名词为prohibition。
ban指由于法律或社会压力而禁止,有谴责或不赞成的意味。
ban还可以直接作名词用。
forbid较常用,可以是个人禁止,也可以是国家、政府机关作出的规定和准则的禁止。
禁止某事(做某事)表达方法:
prohibitsth/doingsth.
(therebe)abanonsth./doingsth.
(therebe)aprohibitionagainststh./doingsth.
禁止某人做某事的表达方法:
prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.
【同义表达】stop/proventsb.(from)doingsth.
keepsb.fromdoingsth.
discouragesb.fromdoingsth.
prohibitsb.'sdoingsth.
forbidsb.todosth.
forbidsb’sdoingsth.
bansb.fromdoingsth.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Thesuggestioncamefromthegeneralthatthesoldiers________campafterdark.
A.beprohibitedfromleavingB.wereprohibitedtoleave
C.wereprohibitedfromleavingD.shouldbeprohibitedtoleave
【答案】A
②Smokingisharmfultohealth,sosmokinginallpublicplaces,includingbars,restaurants,cafesandhotels,
isinNewZealand.
A.recommendedB.persuadedC.requiredD.prohibited
考点-6.adjust
【教材原句】It'squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.(P35)
看到新的外国老师努力适应这个动作的样子是很滑稽的。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Mycameracanbeadjustedtotakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.
我的照相机,不管是阴天还是晴天都可以照相。
②Shesoonadjustedherselftohiswayoflife.
她很快他的生活方式。
③Shefoundithardtomakeanadjustment.
她发现作出。
④ThemakersadaptedthecartoonsfilmforchildrenfromtheRussianoriginal.
影片制作人为了孩子们将。
⑤Astheyhadnochildrenoftheirown,theyadoptedanorphan.
他们没有亲生儿女,就。
⑥Weshouldadopttheconsumers'suggestion.
我们应该。
【自主归纳】
调整……以适应…… adjuststh.tosth. 适应于……adjustto(doing)sth.=adaptto(doing)sth.
使自己适应于……adjustoneselfto=adaptoneselfto
adjustmentn. 调整,调节,适应作出调整makeanadjustment
adopt指“采用,采取;收养;正式通过”
adoptadvancedtechniques 采用先进技术adoptanorphan收养孤儿
adapt指“修改或改变以适应新条件”
adaptsth.fromsth.根据某事将……改编成……beadaptedfrom...由……改编
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Accordingtoexperts,Chinaneedsto________itsonechildfamilyplanningpolicytofightagainstaworseninggender(性别)imbalanceandanagingpopulation.
A.arrangeB.applyC.adaptD.adjust
②AfterarrivinginNewYork,theChinesecollegestudentfounditratherhardto________livingonhisown.
A.relyonB.bringupC.dependonD.adjustto
③MyfamilyweremovingtothecountrysideandIhadtomakesome______andlearntoleadadifferentlifethere.
A.allowanceB.accommodationC.adjustmentD.assessment
考点-7.familiar
【教材原句】Forexample,IhavechildhoodmemoriesofBonfireNight,butmyAmericanarenotfamiliarwiththatparticularfestival.(P35)例如:
我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆,但是我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟然不太了解。
【例句研读】翻译下列句子
①HeismorefamiliarwithmodernmusicthanI.
。
②Areyoufamiliarwiththecomputersoftwaretheyuse?
?
③Thisnurseryrhymeisveryfamiliartome.=Iamveryfamiliarwiththisnurseryrhyme.
。
④Thedictionaryisverypopularinscientificfield.
。
⑤Thesongisverypopularamongyoungpeople.
。
⑥Beingtooparticularaboutothersisnotagoodhabit.
。
【自主归纳】
(be)familiarwith对……熟悉(指前者对后者的熟悉)
(be)familiarto为……所熟悉(指后者对前者的熟悉)
(be/become)popularwith/among受……欢迎的
(be)particularabout对……讲究/挑剔
①Thenurselittlechildren.
②Hisnameus.
③Wehisname.
④ChinesefoodisAmericans.
⑤Sheisfondofdressingupherselfsosheherclothes.
⑥Uponarrivingthere,hewasastonishedtofindeveryplacehim.
【答案】①ispopularwith②isfamiliarto③arefamiliarwith
④becomingpopularamong⑤isparticularabout⑥familiarto
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①SchoolsinJapanmakestudentsbecome______withbeingintheearthquakebyorganizingearthquakepracticeeverymonth.
A.popularB.consistentC.similarD.familiar
②JayChou’songsareverytoyoungpeople,wholiketheircontentandstyle.
A.popularB.familiarC.similarD.particular
③Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon’tbeto__________aboutherjob.
A.popularB.responsibleC.familiarD.particular
④Sheisquitefamiliarthemusic