《红字》中女主人公个性分析参考word.docx

《红字》中女主人公个性分析参考word.docx

《《红字》中女主人公个性分析参考word.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《红字》中女主人公个性分析参考word.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

《红字》中女主人公个性分析参考word

湖南第一师范学院

毕业论文（设计）

题目（中文）

《红字》中女主人公个性分析

（英文）

AnAnalysisofthePersonalityoftheHeroineinTheScarletLetter

学生姓名

刘文叶

学号

09404040421

指导教师

姚芬芳

系（部）

外语系

专业班级

09英语4班

完成时间

2013年5月

AnAnalysisofthePersonalityoftheHeroineinTheScarletLetter

By

LIUWenye

AThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

fortheDegreeof

BACHELOROFARTS

DepartmentofForeignLanguage,

HUNANFIRSTNORMALUNIVERSITY

May,2013

毕业论文（设计）作者声明

1．本人提交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在指导教师指导下独立进行研究取得的成果。

除文中特别加以标注的地方外，本文不包含其他人或其它机构已经发表或撰写过的成果。

对本文研究做出重要贡献的个人与集体均已在文中明确标明。

2．本人完全了解湖南第一师范学院有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学院保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交本文的复印件和电子版，允许本文被查阅、借阅或编入有关数据库进行检索。

同意湖南第一师范学院可以采用影印、打印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本文，可以用不同方式在不同媒体上发表、传播本文的全部或部分内容。

3．湖南第一师范学院在组织专家对毕业论文（设计）进行复审时，如发现本文抄袭，一切后果均由本人承担，与学院和毕业论文指导教师无关。

作者签名：

日期:

年月日

摘要

纳撒尼尔·霍桑是19世纪美国著名的小说家，其作品对美国短篇小说的发展起着重要的作用。

《红字》是霍桑著名的代表作之一，也是众多学者研究的对象。

本文试图以《红字》为文本，结合当时的时代背景与女主人公海斯特·白兰的生活环境及个人经历，探索海斯特在不同时期的个性特点。

本文通过对海斯特的个性分析，揭露19世纪资本主义发展时代社会典法的残酷、宗教的欺骗和道德的虚伪。

因为霍桑的小说反映出当时深厚的社会、宗教和哲学背景，所以，即使在新的世纪里其作品仍然值得我们研究和分析。

关键词：

霍桑；海斯特；个性；《红字》

Abstract

NathanielHawthornewasoneofthefamousAmericannovelistsinthe19thcentury,whoseworksplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheUSshortstories.TheScarletLetterisoneofhisfamousnovelsanditisstudiedbymanyscholars.Thisarticleattemptstotakeitasthetext,andunifythehistoricalbackgroundoftheUSinthe19thcenturyandHester’slifesurroundingsandpersonalexperiencetoexplorethecharacteristicsofHesterindifferenttimes.ThearticlemainlyanalyzesHester’sthreecharacteristicsandherperformance,revealingthecrueltyofsocialrules,deceptionofreligionandhypocrisyofmoralityin19thcentury.Hawthorne'snovelsreflecttheirprofoundsocial,religiousandphilosophicalbackground.Eveninthenewcentury,theyarestillworthofstudyingandanalyzing.

Keywords:

Hawthorne;Hester;characters;TheScarletLetter

CONTENTS

3.1.1AmericaintheRomanticPeriod…………………………...6

3.1.2PuritanismInfluenceonAmerica..........................................8

3.2.1TheSurroundings................................................................10

3.2.2TheIndividualExperience..................................................11

4.1.1ThePursuitofLove.............................................................14

4.1.2TheAssumerofHerGuilt...................................................15

4.2.1HerAttitudetoChurch........................................................16

4.2.2HerEscapefromReality.....................................................17

4.3.1HerStruggleinThought......................................................18

4.3.2HerReturntoBoston..........................................................20

Chapter1

Introduction

ThenovelTheScarletLetterisafamousmasterpieceofNathanielHawthorne,thefamousAmericanromanticnovelistinthe19thcentury.ThenovelisatragiclovestorythattookplaceinNewEnglandofthe17thcentury.TheheroineHesterPrynneisakindbeautifulEnglishgirlandunfortunatelymarriesRogerChillingworth,amalformedhypocriticaloldscholar.LateronthewaytoBoston,Massachusetts,NewEngland,NorthAmerica,Hester’shusbandiscapturedandneverarrivesathisdestination.Inthenearlytwoyearsofwidowedlife,HesterfallsinlovewithDimmesdale,thelocalparishpriestandgivesbirthtoPearl,herdaughterwhoisbeautifulandfullofintelligence.Afterthat,thePuritanregimeofthestateandthechurchtakeherasaspecimenofsin,andpunishherbytakingaredletter“A”inEnglish（iethefirstletterofadultery）inherchestandlivingthewholelifehumbly.Dimmesdaleisnotexposedpublicly,however,diesofthepsychologicaltortureandthepersecutionofChillingworth.

TheScarletLetterisaunique,thoughtfulandimaginativework,attractingtheattentionandcommentsmorethanacentury,whichisrecognizedasthemostoutstandingrepresentativeworkofHawthorne.HesterPrynne,theheroineofTheScarletLetter,isaquiterealandcomplexfemaleimage.Hesterhashersinsandshortcomings,butshehasmoreadmirablestrengthandvirtue.Shelivesinanisolatedandhelplessenvironment,spendingalongandpainfulprocessofself-transformation.Ontheonehand,shelearnstoobeyanddogoodthings;ontheotherhand,shekeepsindependentandrevolted,nottoyieldtothePuritanregimewhichoppressesherseverely.

TherearesomanyscholarsstartingtostudyTheScarletLetterofNathanielHawthorne.Someofthemstudytheenvironmentandskillsreflectedinthenovel,someofthemstudyPuritanismandFeminism,othersstudythecharactersinthenovelandsoon.However,thisarticleattemptstotakeTheScarletLetterasthetext,andunifythehistoricalbackgroundoftheUSinthe19thcenturyandHester’slifesurroundingsandpersonalexperiencetoexplorethecharacteristicsofHesterindifferenttimes.ThearticlemainlyanalyzesHester’sthreecharacteristicsandherperformance,revealingthecrueltyofsocialrules,deceptionofreligionandhypocrisyofmoralityin19thcentury.Hawthorne'snovelhasitsprofoundsocial,religiousandphilosophicalbackground.Eveninthenewcentury,itisstillworthoflearningandthinkingbyus.

Chapter2

TheAnalysisonHawthorneandTheScarletLetter

2.1Hawthorne

NathanielHawthornewasafamousAmericannovelistandshortstorywriter,whowasbornonJuly4,1804inSalem,Massachusetts.HisancestorsincludedJohnHathorne,theonlyjudgeinvolvedintheSalemwitchtrialswhoneverrepentedofhisactions.Nathaniellateraddeda"w"tomakehisname"Hawthorne"inordertohidethisrelation.HeenteredBowdoinCollegein1821,waselectedtoPhiBetaKappain1824,andgraduatedin1825.Hawthornepublishedhisfirstwork,anoveltitledFanshawe,in1828;helatertriedtosuppressit,feelingitnotequaltothestandardofhislaterwork.Hepublishedseveralshortstoriesinvariousperiodicalswhichhecollectedin1837asTwice-ToldTales.Thenextyear,hebecameengagedtoSophiaPeabody.HeworkedataCustomHouseandjoinedBrookFarm,atranscendentalistcommunity,beforemarryingPeabodyin1842.ThecouplemovedtoTheOldManseinConcord,Massachusetts,latermovedtoSalem,theBerkshires,thentoTheWaysideinConcord.TheScarletLetterwaspublishedin1850,followedbyasuccessionofothernovels.ApoliticalappointmenttookHawthorneandfamilytoEuropebeforetheirreturntoTheWaysidein1860.HawthornediedonMay19,1864,andhiswifeandtheirthreechildrensurvived.

MuchofHawthorne'swritingcentersonNewEngland,manyworksfeaturingmoralallegorieswithaPuritaninspiration.HisfictionworksareconsideredpartoftheRomanticMovement,morespecifically,Darkromanticism.Histhemesoftencenterontheinherentevilandsinofhumanity,andhisworksoftenhavemoralmessagesanddeeppsychologicalcomplexity.Hisworksincludenovels,shortstories,andabiographyofhisfriendFranklinPierce.

2.2TheScarletLetter

TheScarletLetterisan1850romanticworkoffictioninahistoricalsetting,writtenbyNathanielHawthorne.Itisconsideredtobehismagnumopus.Setin17th-centuryPuritanBoston,Massachusettsduringtheyears1642to1649,ittellsthestoryofHesterPrynne,whoconceivesadaughterthroughanadulterousaffairandstrugglestocreateanewlifeofregretanddignity.Throughoutthebook,Hawthorneexploresthemesoflegalism,sin,andguilt.

TheexperienceofHesterandDimmesdalerecallsthestoryofAdamandEve,because,inbothcases,sinresultsinexpulsionandsuffering.Butitalsoresultsinknowledge—specifically,inknowledgeofwhatitmeanstobeimmoral.ForHester,theredletter“A”functionsas"herpassportintoregionswhereotherwomendarenottread”,leadinghertospeculateabouthersocietyandherselfmoreboldlythananyoneelseinNewEngland.

AnotherthemeistheextremelegalismofthePuritansandhowHesterchoosesnottoconformtotheirrulesandbeliefs.Hesterisrejectedbythevillagerseventhoughshespendsherlifedoingwhatshecantohelpthesickandthepoor.Becausetheyrejectedher,shespendsherlifemostlyinsolitude,andwillnotgotochurch.Asaresult,sheretreatsintoherownmindandherownthinking.HerthoughtsbegintostretchandgobeyondwhatwillbeconsideredbythePuritansassafeorevenChristian.Shestillseeshersin,butbeginstolookonitdifferentlythanthevillagerseverhave.Shebeginstobelievethataperson'searthlysinsdonotnecessarilycondemnthem.SheevengoessofarastotellDimmesdalethattheirsinhasbeenpaidforbytheirdailypenanceandthattheirsinwillnotkeepthemfromgettingtoheaven,however,thePuritansbelievethatsuchasinsurelycondemns.ButHesterhasbeenalienatedfromthePuritansociety,bothinherphysicallifeandspirituallife.WhenDimmesdaledies,sheknowsshehastomoveonbecauseshecannolongerconformtothePuritans'strictness.Herthinkingisfreefromreligiousboundsandshehasestablishedherowndifferentmoralstandardsandbeliefs.

Chapter3

TheAnalysisontheBackground

3.1TheHistoricalBackground

Americasteppedintotheromanticperiodfromabout1830andendedaboutin1870,whenTheScarletLetterwascompletedandpublished.AlthoughNathanielHawthornelivedinthe19thcentury,however,thenoveldescribedastoryinthe17thcentury,whenPuritanplayedanimportantroleinAmericahistory.

3.1.1AmericaintheRomanticPeriod

TheAmericanRomanticperiod,whichlastedfrom1830to1870,wasatimeofrapidexpansionandgrowthintheUnitedStatesthatfueledintuition,imagination,