大学英语四级201.docx

大学英语四级201.docx

《大学英语四级201.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语四级201.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

大学英语四级201

　　PartIWriting（30minutes）

　　注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上。

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicof

DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow:

　　1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

　　2.出现这种情况的原因

　　3.为了改变这种状况，我认为…

　　DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling

_______________________________________

　　PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

thequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgivenin

thepassage.

　　CaughtintheWeb

　　Afewmonthsago,itwasn'tunusualfor47-year-oldCarlaToebetospend15hoursperday

online.She'dwakeupearly,turnonherlaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-

messagingprograms–leavingherbedforonlybriefintervals.Herhouseholdbillspiledup,along

withthedishesanddirtylaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfourdaughters

beforesherealizedshehadaproblem.

　　"Iwasstartingtofeellikemywholeworldwasfallingapart–kindofslippingintoa

depression,"saidCarla."IknewthatifIdidn'tgetoffthedatingsites,I'djustkeepgoing,"

detaching（使脱离）herselffurtherfromtheoutsideworld.

　　Toebe'sconclusion:

Shefeltlikeshewas"addicted"totheInternet.She'snotalone.

　　ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisn'tnew.Asfarbackas1995,articlesinmedical

journalsandtheestablishmentofaPennsylvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterest

inthesubject.There'sstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeonlineconstitutestoomuchorwhether

addictionispossible.

　　ButasrelianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatthequestionisgettingmoreserious

attention:

Lastmonth,astudypublishedinCNSSpectrumsclaimedtobethefirstlarge-scalelook

atexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationmayconsiderlistingInternet

addictioninthenexteditionofitsdiagnosticmanual.Andscoresofonlinediscussionboardshave

poppeduponwhichpeoplediscussnegativeexperiencestiedtotoomuchtimeontheWeb.

　　"There'snoquestionthatthere'repeoplewho'reseriouslyintroublebecausethey'reoverdoing

theirInternetinvolvement,"saidpsychiatrist（精神科医生）IvanGoldberg.Goldbergcallsthe

problemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.

　　JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspecializinginonlinecommunities,ismoreskeptical.

"TheInternetisanenvironment,"hesaid."Youcan'tbeaddictedtotheenvironment."Bishop

describestheproblemassimplyamatterofpriorities,whichcanbesolvedbyencouragingpeople

toprioritizeotherlifegoalsandplansinplaceoftimespentonline.

　　ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresultsofanationwidetelephonesurveyofmorethan

2,500adults.Likethe2005survey,thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.About

6%ofrespondentsreportedthat"theirrelationshipssufferedbecauseofexcessiveInternetuse."

About9%attemptedtoconceal"nonessentialInternetuse,"andnearly4%reportedfeeling

"preoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffline."

　　About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapeproblems,andalmost14%reportedthey

"foundithardtostayawayfromtheInternetforseveraldaysatatime."

　　"TheInternetproblemisstillinitsinfancy,"saidEliasAboujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.No

singleonlineactivityistoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid."They'reonlineinchatrooms,

checkinge-mail,orwritingblogs.[Theproblemis]notlimitedtoporn（色情）orgambling"

websites.

　　ExcessiveInternetuseshouldbedefinednotbythenumberofhoursspentonlinebut"interms

oflosses,"saidMaressaOrzack,aHarvardUniversityprofessor."Ifit'saloss[where]you'renot

gettingtowork,andfamilyrelationshipsarebreakingdownasaresult,thenit'stoomuch."

　　Sincetheearly1990s,severalclinicshavebeenestablishedintheU.S.totreatheavy

Internetusers.TheyincludetheCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInternet

Behavior.

　　ThewebsiteforOrzack'scenterliststhefollowingamongthepsychologicalsymptomsof

computeraddiction:

　　●Havingasenseofwell-being（幸福）orexcitementwhileatthecomputer.

　　●Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.

　　●Neglectoffamilyandfriends.

　　●Feelingempty,depressedorirritablewhennotatthecomputer.

　　●Lyingtoemployersandfamilyaboutactivities.

　　●Inabilitytostoptheactivity.

　　●Problemswithschoolorjob.

　　Physicalsymptomslistedincludedryeyes,backaches,skippingmeals,poorpersonalhygiene（卫

生）andsleepdisturbances.

　　PeoplewhostrugglewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepressedorhaveothermooddisorders,

Orzacksaid.WhenshediscussesInternethabitswithherpatients,theyoftenreportthatbeing

onlineoffersa"senseofbelonging,andescape,excitement[and]fun,"shesaid."Somepeoplesay

relief…becausetheyfindthemselvessorelaxed."

　　SomepartsoftheInternetseemtodrawpeopleinmorethanothers.Internetgamersspend

countlesshourscompetingingamesagainstpeoplefromallovertheworld.Onesuchgame,called

WorldofWarcraft,iscitedonmanysitesbyposterscomplainingofa"gamingaddiction."

　　AndrewHeidrich,aneducationnetworkadministratorfromSacramento,playsWorldofWarcraft

forabouttwotofourhourseveryothernight,butthat'snothingcomparedwiththe40to60hours

aweekhespentplayingonlinegameswhenhewasincollege.Hecutbackonlyafterafull-scale

familyintervention（干预）,inwhichrelativestoldhimhe'dgainedweight.

　　"There'sthiswholecultureofcompetitionthatsuckspeoplein"withonlinegaming,said

Heidrich,nowafatheroftwo."Peopledoitattheexpenseofeverythingthatwasaconstantin

theirlives."Heidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussgamingaddictionregularly"toremind

myselftokeepmyloveforonlinegamesincheck."

　　ToebealsoregularlyvisitsasitewherepostersdiscussInternetoveruse.InAugust,whenshe

firstrealizedshehadaproblem,shepostedamessageonaYahooInternetaddictiongroupwiththe

subjectline:

"IhaveanInternetAddiction."

　　"I'mself-employedandneedtheInternetformywork,butI'mfailingtoaccomplishmywork,to

takecareofmyhome,togiveattentiontomychildren,"shewroteinamessagesenttothe

group."Ihavenomoneyorinsurancetogetprofessionalhelp;Ican'tevenpaymymortgage（抵押贷

款）andfacelosingeverything."

　　Sincethen,Toebesaid,shehaskeptherpromisetoherselftocutbackonherInternetuse."I

haveaboyfriendnow,andI'mnotinterestedinonlinedating,"shesaidbyphonelastweek."It's

alotbetternow."

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

　　1.WhateventuallymadeCarlaToeberealizeshewasspendingtoomuchtimeontheInternet?

　　A）Herdaughter'srepeatedcomplaints.

　　B）Fatigueresultingfromlackofsleep.

　　C）Thepoorlymanagedstateofherhouse.

　　D）Thehighfinancialcostsaddingup.

　　2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutexcessiveInternetuse?

　　A）Peopleshouldbewarnedofitsharmfulconsequences.

　　B）Ithasbecomevirtuallyinevitable.

　　C）Ithasbeensomewhatexaggerated.

　　D）Peoplehaven'tyetreachedagreementonitsdefinition.

　　3.JonathanBishopbelievesthattheInternetoveruseproblemcanbesolvedifpeople______.

　　A）trytoimprovetheInternetenvironment

　　B）becomeawareofitsseriousconsequences

　　C）canrealizewhatisimportantinlife

　　D）canreachaconsensusonitsdefinition

　　4.AccordingtoProfessorMaressaOrzack,Internetusewouldbeconsideredexcessiveif______.

　　A）itseriouslyaffectedfamilyrelationships

　　B）onevisitedpornwebsitesfrequently

　　C）toomuchtimewasspentinchatrooms

　　D）peoplegotinvolvedinonlinegambling

　　5.AccordingtoOrzack,peoplewhostrugglewithheavyrelianceontheInternetmayfeel

______.

　　A）discouraged

　　B）pressured

　　C）depressed

　　D）puzzled

　　6.WhydidAndreHeidrichcutbackonlinegaming?

　　A）Hehadlostalotofmoney.

　　B）Hisfamilyhadintervened.

　　C）Hehadoffendedhisrelatives.

　　D）Hiscareerhadbeenruined.

　　7.AndrewHeidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussonlinegamingaddictionto______.

　　A）improvehisonlinegamingskills

　　B）curbhisdesireforonlinegaming

　　C）showhowgoodheisatonlinegaming

　　D）exchangeonlinegamingexperience

　　8.Inoneofthemessagesshepostedonawebsite,Toebeadmittedthatshe______.

　　9.ExcessiveInternetusehadrenderedToebesopoorthatshecouldn'taffordtoseek______.

　　10.Nowthatshe'sgotaboyfriend,Toebeisnolongercrazyabout______.

　　PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.At

theendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththe

conversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.

Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthe

bestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　11.

　　A）Hehasprovedtobeabetterreaderthanthewoman.

　　B）Hehasdifficultyunderstandingthebook.

　　C）Hecannotgetaccess