过去式变化规则.docx

过去式变化规则.docx

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过去式变化规则

1.regret（regretted,regretting）后悔

2.control（controlled,controlling）控制

3.admit（admitted,admitting）承认

4.occur（occurred,occurring）出现

5.prefer（preferred,preferring）宁愿

6.refer（referred,referring）提到

7.forget（forgetting）忘记

8.permit（permitted,permitting）允许

9.equip（equipped,equipping）

原型过去式

A

arise—arose

awake—awoke/awakened

B

bear—bore

beat—beat

become—became

begin—began

bend—bent

bite—bit

blow—blew

break—broke

breed—bred

bring—brought

build—built

burn—burnt/burned

burst—burst

buy—bought

C

cast—cast

catch—caught

choose—chose

come—came

cost—cost

creep—crept

cut—cut

D

deal—dealt

dig—dug

do—did

draw—drew

dream—dreamt/dreamed

drink—drank

drive—drove

E

eat—ate

F

fall—fell

feed—fed

feel—felt

fight—fought

find—found

fly—flew

forbid—forbade

forget—forgot

G

get—got

give—gave

go—went

grow—grew

H

have—had

hear—heard

hide—hid

hit—hit

hold—held

hurt—hurt

I

Input—input

Inset—inset

K

keep—kept

know—knew

L

lay—laid

lead—led

learn—learned/learnt

leave—left

lend—lent

letlet

lie—lay

lose—lost

M

make—made

mean—meant

meet—met

mistake—mistook

misunderstand—misunderstood

O

oversee—oversaw

oversleep—overslept

P

pay—paid

prove—proved

put—put

Q

quit—quit/quitted

R

read—read

rid—rid

ride—rode

ring—rang

rise—rose

run—ran

S

say—said

see—saw

seek—sought

sell—sold

send—sent

set—set

shoot—shot

show—showed

sing—sang

sit—sat

sleep—slept

smell—smelled/smelt

speak—spoke

spell—spelled/spelt

spend—spent

spread—spread

stand—stood

steal—stole

swim—swam

swing—swung

T

take—took

teach—taught

tear—tore

tell—told

think—thought

throw—threw

U

understand—understood

undertake—undertook

W

wake—woke/waked

wear—wore

weep—wept

win—won

wind—wound

withdraw—withdrew

write—wrote

规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：

1.直接在词尾加-ed。

如:

want—wanted,work—worked,need—needed,clean—cleaned

2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。

如：

like—liked,live—lived,use—used,move—moved

3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。

如：

stop—stopped,trip—tripped

4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。

如：

study—studied,carry—carried,hurry—hurried,marry—married

大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：

1.以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。

如：

put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat

2.以d结尾的词，把d变成t。

如:

build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent

3.以n结尾的词，在词后加t。

如：

mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt

4.以ow/aw结尾的词，把ow/aw变成ew。

如：

blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grew

5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。

如：

keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smelt

6.含有元音字母o/i的词，将o/i变成a。

如：

sing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank

常见的不规则动词过去式、过去分词

（一）

（1）AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）

cost（花费）----cost----costshut（关上）----shut----shut

cut（割）----cut----cutread（读）----read----read[e]

hit（打）----hit----hithurt伤害）----hurt----hurt

let（让）----let----letput（放）----put----put

（2）AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）

beat（跳动）----beat----beaten

（3）ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）

become（变成）----became----becomecome（来）----came----come

run（跑）----ran----run

（4）ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）

dig（挖）----dug----dug

build（修建）----built----built

get（得到）----got----got/gotten

catch（抓住）----caught----caught

hang（吊死）----hanged----hanged

deal（处理）----dealt----dealt

hang（悬挂）----hung----hung

feed（喂养）----fed----fed

hold（抓住）----held----held

find（找到）----found----found

shine（照耀）----shone----shone

sit（坐）----sat----sat

Pay（付款）----paid----paid

win（赢）----won----won

send（发送）----sent----sent

meet（遇见）----met----met

shoot（射击）----shot----shot

keep（保持）----kept----kept

tell（告诉）----told----told

sleep（睡）----slept----slept

win（获胜）----won----won

sweep（扫）----swept----swept

feel（感觉）----felt----felt

leave（离开）----left----left

build（建设）----built----built

stand（站）----stood----stood

lend（借出）----lent----lent

send（传送）----sent----sent

spend（花费）----spent----spent

lose（丢失）----lost----lost

burn（燃烧）----burnt----burnt

learn（学习）----learnt----learnt

mean（意思是）----meant----meant

catch（抓住）----caught----caught

teach（教）----taught----taught

bring（带来）----brought----brought

fight（战斗）----fought----fought

buy（买）----bought----bought

think（想）----thought----thought

hear（听见）----heard----heard

sell（卖）----sold----sold

tell（告诉）----told----told

say（说）----said----said

find（找到）----found----found

have/has（有）----had----had

make（制造）----made----made

smell（闻）----smelt/smelled----smelt/smelled

understand明白----understood----understood

dream（梦想—dreamt/dreamed—dreamt/dreamed

（5）ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）

begin（开始）----began----begundrink（喝）----drank----drunk

ring（铃响）----rang----rungsing（唱）----sang----sung

do（做）----did----doneswim（游泳）----swam----swum

go（去